Digital lives in psychotherapy: ‘the other in the room’

Within the broader area of digital risk, there has been concern over the phenomena of ‘cyber suicide’, a completed or attempted suicide influenced by the internet. We propose a theoretical explanation of the ‘ambivalent self’ in people who go online searching for suicide, by introducing the concept of an inner split between the ‘suicidal part’ (SP) and ‘non-suicidal part’ (NSP) within the personality structure of the individual which struggle for domination of the inner life and external relationships and decisions of the suicidal person. This is grounded in psychoanalytic theory and draws upon a broader conceptualisation of the psyche of the self as split between rival parts, and differing states of mind, competing for control of the vulnerable individual and their capacity to tolerate and manage emotional pain and reality. The recognition and awareness of an inner split between the SP and NSP of the person who goes online, and how this influences virtual relationships, as well as external relationships, such as in psychotherapy, is an important understanding for contemporary psychotherapy and risk management in the digital age.     

Experimental Evidence From Newborn Chicks Enriches Our Knowledge on Human Spatial–Numerical Associations

Núñez and Fias raised concerns on whether our results demonstrate a linear number‐space mapping. Patro and Nuerk urge caution on the use of animal models to understand the origin (cultural vs. biological) of the orientation of spatial–numerical association. Here, we discuss why both objections are unfounded.     

Frontal EEG alpha band asymmetry as a predictor of reasoning deficiency in depressed people

Cognitive deficits in depression are mostly apparent in executive functions, especially when integration of information and reasoning is required. In parallel, there are also numerous studies pointing to the frontal alpha band asymmetry as a psychophysiological marker of depression. In this study, we explored the role of frontal alpha asymmetry as a potential factor explaining the cognitive problems accompanying depression. Twenty-six depressed and 26 control participants completed a reasoning task and underwent 5 minutes of electroencephalography recording. In line with the previous studies, depressed people showed difficulties with reasoning but we did not observe the relationship between frontal asymmetry in the alpha band and depression. However, we found that in the depressed group the frontal alpha asymmetry index was characterised by larger variance than in the control group, and it was also a strong predictor of cognitive functioning exclusively in the depressed group. Our results point to the disruption of a psychophysiological balance, reflected in changed frontal alpha asymmetry (into more left-sided frontal asymmetry in the alpha band, reflecting more right-sided cortical activity) as a possible brain correlate of cognitive disturbances present in depressive disorders.     

基于技术接受模型的青少年网络游戏成瘾机制研究

本研究以技术接受模型(TAM)为理论框架, 通过对380名中学生的问卷调查考察了青少年网络游戏成瘾的影响因素及其机制。结果发现:(1)有用感、易用感、品质感知、游戏体验和态度与网络游戏成瘾显著正相关;(2)品质感知和游戏体验通过态度的部分中介作用对网络游戏成瘾产生间接影响, 同时对网络游戏成瘾有直接效应;有用感和易用感通过态度的完全中介作用对网络游戏成瘾产生间接影响, 对网络游戏成瘾没有直接效应。本研究结果表明, 品质感知、有用感、易用感和游戏体验对青少年网络游戏成瘾具有重要影响, 态度是其中的重要中介变量。     

发展性协调障碍的神经机制

发展性协调障碍是一种特殊的发育障碍, 它的一个显著特征是动作协调困难, 这种障碍影响着5%~8%学龄儿童的学业成绩和日常生活。发展性协调障碍常常与其他类型的学习困难并存。发展性协调障碍的病因非常复杂, 这种障碍与一定程度的视觉空间认知能力受损有关, 早期精细运动技能发育与脑神经发育进程可能存在时间的重合。近年来, 研究者们试图探索影响发展性协调障碍的神经基础, 并先后提出不同的神经关联假说。这些理论假说主要涉及到小脑、顶叶、胼胝体、基底神经节和大脑白质等脑区。本文全面回顾了该领域研究的最新进展, 并提出未来研究应该关注的方向与问题。     

经颅直流电刺激在抑郁症治疗中的应用

已有的神经影像学研究成果揭示, 抑郁症发作的重要原因之一是大脑前额叶皮层结构和功能受损。经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)作为一种无创脑刺激, 选取前额叶皮层作为刺激区域, 通过调节皮层兴奋性来治疗抑郁症, 能够有效缓解抑郁症状和改善受损的认知功能, 疗效明显且持久稳定。针对tDCS在抑郁症治疗研究中的问题, 未来可从有效性、个体差异以及预防干预等六个方面进一步研究, 以期tDCS作为一种具有潜力的治疗手段, 在临床上有更为广泛地应用。     

若干实验室指标对糖尿病神经病变的预测意义

近年来,人们发现了一些实验室指标对糖尿病神经病变有一定预测意义,包括糖化血红蛋白、维生素B12、甲基丙二酸、全反钴胺素、同型半胱氨酸、氧化型低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、超敏C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体1、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体2等。这些指标对糖尿病神经病变的早期防治提供了帮助。     

外科手术患者的血糖管理

随着糖尿病患患者数的迅速增加,需要接受外科手术治疗的糖尿病患者也越来越多。糖尿病患者的血糖控制与外科手术相互影响,一方面,手术应激可进一步加重糖尿病患者的糖代谢紊乱;另一方面,合并糖尿病使患者发生围手术期并发症甚至死亡的风险大大增加。因此,对糖尿病患者进行完整的术前评估,良好的术前、术中、术后血糖管理是糖尿病患者手术顺利进行、平稳渡过围手术期、改善预后的重要保证。     

PCI术后患者的血糖管理

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)已成为冠心病治疗及急性心肌梗死(AMI)血运重建的有效手段。取得令人满意的效果,而被临床广泛接受和应用。在冠心病患者中糖代谢异常发生率显著高于一般人群。有研究显示高血糖是引起冠状动脉支架再狭窄的独立危险因素。因此糖尿病患者PCI术后必须进行严格的血糖管理。根据目前研究结果,可能血糖目标定为餐前血糖7.8mmol/L,且随机血糖10.0mmol/L较为合适。     

肝性糖尿病

肝性糖尿病由严重慢性肝脏病变所引发,常见于非酒精性脂肪肝、病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝病及血色病等,多出现于肝硬化失代偿期,不论是发病机制,还是临床表现与治疗均与2型糖尿病不同。本文将就此方面对近几年的研究进展进行综述。