排序方式: 共有124条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
92.
Kaimal G Steinberg AG Ennis S Harasink SM Ewing R Li Y 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(6):775-787
Few studies examine whether and how parental attitudes towards genetic testing change over time. In this study we interviewed
parents of 14 children with newly identified hearing loss at two time points: after referral to genetics and 1 year later.
Qualitative analyses of parental narratives indicate that parental attitudes did not change significantly over this time.
Parents who perceived genetic testing to be useful continued to value it after testing, while parents who did not perceive
it as being useful for their child’s future held the same view a year later. The only parents who changed their views regarding
the usefulness of genetic testing for hearing loss were those who reported that their children underwent significant changes
in their hearing loss or were faced with other life threatening conditions. Parents were also often unaware of the role of
the genetic counselor and how genetic counseling could help address many of their lingering questions and concerns. These
emergent themes indicate the need for geneticists and genetic counselors to be aware of and sensitized to the questions and
attitudes that bring parents to a genetic evaluation, as well as the reasons why parents may not follow up with genetic testing
for hearing loss when recommended. 相似文献
93.
94.
National Society of Genetic Counselors 《Journal of genetic counseling》2006,15(5):309-311
This document is the revised Code of Ethics of the National Society of Genetic Counselors that was adopted in January 2006 after majority vote of the full members of the NSGC. The explication of the revisions is published in this volume of the Journal of Genetic Counseling. This is the third revision to the Code of Ethics since its original adoption in 1992. 相似文献
95.
The dynamical systems' approach to cognition (Dynamicism) promises computational models that effectively embed cognitive processing within its more natural behavioral context. Dynamical cognitive models also pose difficult, analytical challenges, which motivate the development of new analytical methodology. We start by illustrating the challenge by applying two conventional analytical methods to a well-known Dynamicist model of categorical perception. We then introduce our own analysis, which works by analogy with neural stimulation methods, and which yields some novel insights into the way the model works. We then extend and apply the method to a second Dynamicist model, which captures the key psychophysical trends that emerge when humans and animals compare two numbers. The results of the analysis-which reveals units with tuning functions that are monotonically related to the magnitudes of the numbers that the agents must compare-offer a clear contribution to the contentious debate concerning the way number information is encoded in the brain. 相似文献
96.
Oliver Chikumbo Erik Goodman Kalyanmoy Deb 《Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis》2015,22(3-4):133-159
A land use many‐objective optimization problem for a 1500‐ha farm with 315 paddocks was formulated with 14 objectives (maximizing sawlog production, pulpwood production, milksolids, beef, sheep meat, wool, carbon sequestration, water production, income and Earnings Before Interest and Tax; and minimizing costs, nitrate leaching, phosphorus loss and sedimentation). This was solved using a modified Reference‐point‐based Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II augmented by simulated epigenetic operations. The search space had complex variable interactions and was based on economic data and several interoperating simulation models. The solution was an approximation of a Hyperspace Pareto Frontier (HPF), where each non‐dominated trade‐off point represented a set of land‐use management actions taken within a 10‐year period and their related management options, spanning a planning period of 50 years. A trade‐off analysis was achieved using Hyper‐Radial Visualization (HRV) by collapsing the HPF into a 2‐D visualization capability through an interactive virtual reality (VR)‐based method, thereby facilitating intuitive selection of a sound compromise solution dictated by the decision makers' preferences under uncertainty conditions. Four scenarios of the HRV were considered emphasizing economic, sedimentation and nitrate leaching aspects—giving rise to a triple bottomline (i.e. the economic, environmental and social complex, where the social aspect is represented by the preferences of the various stakeholders). Highlights of the proposed approach are the development of an innovative epigenetics‐based multi‐objective optimizer, uncertainty incorporation in the search space data and decision making on a multi‐dimensional space through a VR‐simulation‐based visual steering process controlled at its core by a multi‐criterion decision making‐based process. This approach has widespread applicability to many other ‘wicked’ societal problem‐solving tasks. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
97.
This article first introduced the current technology of the privacy protection model, and analyzed their characteristics and deficiencies. Afterwards, from the point of view of revenue, the shortcomings of the traditional privacy protection model have analyzed through the group intelligent computing method. Based on this, this paper proposes a research and application of virtual user information of security strategy based on group intelligent computing, through the collection of visitor's private information historical access data, intelligent calculation of the strategy group between the visitor and the interviewee. The setting of the threshold of the visited person can protect the privacy information of the user more effectively. In this paper, the implementation flow, algorithm implementation process, and specific architecture design of the proposed virtual user of privacy protection model based on group intelligent computing are introduced respectively. The specific algorithms include PCA, BP neural network, and genetic algorithm. Finally, the proposed privacy has verified through experiments. Protection model can protect user privacy more effectively than traditional privacy protection model. In the future, we will further expand and improve the privacy protection model of virtual users based on group intelligent computing, including considering the dynamic and inconsistency of access to the privacy information, that is, accessing different private information will produce different overlay effects and parallelism. We will also study how to apply this model to actual systems such as shopping websites and social platforms, and use commercial data to evaluate the performance of the model and further improve it. 相似文献
98.
This study explored cultural conceptions of a bereavement-related illness among elderly (aged 34–85yrs) Northern Sotho-speaking people in Limpopo province. The participants (n = 14, females = 50%, mean age = 59 years, SD: 13.7 years) were purposively selected and interviewed using in-depth interviews. Data were analysed using Hycner’s adapted phenomenological method. Three themes emerged from the analysis: debilitating and life-threatening symptoms of the illness; aetiology explained by ritual taboo violations; and management of the illness through ritual cleansing. The cleansing process incorporates the administration of traditional herbs. The findings suggest bereavement-related illness in an African cultural community to be explained by their cultural concept of distress understandings. 相似文献
99.
Regina Kenen Ann C. M. Smith Carolee Watkins Carol Zuber-Pittore 《Journal of genetic counseling》2000,9(1):33-45
We conducted an exploratory, qualitative pilot study investigating the use of genetic counseling and prenatal genetic technologies between women and their male partners for two referral groups: pregnant women 35 years of age and over (AMA) at the time of delivery and pregnant women with an abnormal maternal serum triple screen (MSAFP3). The convenience sample consisted of 25 semistructured interviews and 50 observations of genetic counseling sessions. Male partners' styles of decision making and the way they viewed prenatal diagnosis decision making were examined. We defined three decision-making styles based on our interpretation of the data: (1) domain, (2) joint-delegated, and (3) saliency. The male partners also seemed to view prenatal diagnosis as either an information decision or an action decision and appeared to take a more active role in decision making when the decision was viewed as an action decision. 相似文献
100.
This paper describes a variety of motor release phenomena, including manual grasping and groping, imitation behavior, utilization behavior, and alien hand sign, their clinical manifestations, and proposed neural mechanisms. One of these specific neurobehavioral disorders, initially described by Lhermitte (Brain [1983] 106: 237–255), and termed utilization behavior, is addressed in more detail. Patients with this disorder are described as reaching out and using objects in the environment in an automatic manner. The current paper provides a comprehensive review of studies that have documented utilization behavior in individuals with a variety of pathologies, all having a specific predilection for the frontal lobes and frontal-striatal systems. Goldberg's (Behavioral and Brain Sciences [1985] 8: 567–616) theoretical framework for understanding motor release phenomena, which conceptualizes these behaviors as resulting from an imbalance between proposed medial (voluntary, goal directed, and future directed) and lateral (automatic, stimulus bound, and visually based) motor systems, is also discussed. Utilization behavior may prove to be a common underlying cause of high levels of excessive and intrusive motor behaviors within various clinical populations. A more comprehensive understanding of the neural systems underlying utilization behavior may prove highly useful for the differential diagnosis of conditions involving the mesial frontal cortex and fronto-striatal connections. Recent studies have started to investigate utilization behavior in clinical populations with known or suspected frontal system dysfunction, including adult patients with a variety of psychiatric conditions and children with ADHD. 相似文献