PSO-GA based hybrid with Adam Optimization for ANN training with application in Medical Diagnosis

This paper introduces a novel PSO-GA based hybrid training algorithm with Adam Optimization and contrasts performance with the generic Gradient Descent based Backpropagation algorithm with Adam Optimization for training Artificial Neural Networks. We aim to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional algorithm, such as slower convergence rate and frequent convergence to local minima, by employing the characteristics of evolutionary algorithms. PSO has a property of faster convergence rate, which can be exploited to account for the slower pace of convergence of the traditional BP (which is due to low values of gradients). In contrast, the integration with GA complements the drawback of convergence to local minima as GA, possesses the capability of efficient global search. So by this integration of these algorithms, we propose our new hybrid algorithm for training ANNs. We compare both the algorithms for the application of medical diagnosis. Results display that the proposed hybrid training algorithm, significantly outperforms the traditional training algorithm, by enhancing the accuracies of the ANNs with an increase of 20% in the average testing accuracy and 0.7% increase in the best testing accuracy.     

心理体验及其对象类型--试论迈农的意向性理论

意向性作为现代哲学的核心概念之一,在迈农这里有着与在胡塞尔那里同样重要的决定意义。迈农在布伦塔诺意向性理论的基础上,通过对心理体验及其各自所对应的对象类型的这一深入探讨,不仅将对象概念发展到了极致,而且为价值的存在争取了一个独立的领域,从而也使得价值的意向性构建成为可能。因此,迈农的意向性理论不仅是对象理论意义上的深化,更是价值维度上的深化。     

反人本主义:马克思主义最重要的基本原则--析阿尔都塞的主体哲学批判

本文对阿尔都塞在理论逻辑意义上拒斥人本主义和历史主义,以及把“主体”视为意识形态的建构并应以“过程”概念取代之等极易引发误解的观点进行深层解读,澄清了阿尔都塞关于反人本主义、反历史主义和反对一切主体哲学作为马克思主义哲学基本原则的内涵,并作出自己的批判性分析。     

Neurocognitive performance of 5- and 6-year-old children who met criteria for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder at 18 months follow-up: results from a prospective population study

The aim of this prospective study was to examine whether neurocognitive performance of children aged 5–6 years distinguished children who were later diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or borderline ADHD from children without ADHD after adjustment for behavioral measures and to examine the influence of comorbid psychopathology. Out of a general population of 1,317 children, 366 children were selected on the basis of their scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Eighteen months later, the parents were interviewed using a standardized child psychiatric interview: 33 children were classified as ADHD and 75 children as borderline ADHD, and there were 258 children without ADHD. Children with rated ADHD were significantly impaired on measures of visuomotor ability and working memory compared to children without ADHD after adjustment for CBCL results. The performance of borderline ADHD children was in between that of children with and without ADHD. In addition, 4 groups of children were analyzed: 9 ADHD, 24 ADHD with comorbid oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD), 59 ODD/CD, and 274 controls. Children with rated comorbid ADHD and ODD/CD performed significantly worse on these tasks compared to children with rated ODD/CD and control children while they did not differ from ADHD children. Our results imply that neurocognitive measures can contribute to the early identification of ADHD with and without comorbid ODD/CD.     

自我和物体为参照系的心理旋转分离：内旋效应

采用虚拟的旋转不同角度左、右手模型,构建“左右手判断(Left and right hand judgment: LR)”任务和“相同－不同判断(same and different judgment: SD)”任务,考察这两种实验任务是否都存在内旋效应和角度效应,以此推论被试采用何种旋转策略。结果发现：（1） 两种实验任务结果均表现出显著的角度效应。（2）在LR任务条件下,存在显著的内旋效应,而在SD任务中不存在内旋效应。从而表明当人手图片作为心理旋转材料时,它具有双重角色。被试心理旋转加工时究竟选用何种参照系的旋转策略,与实验材料和实验任务两者都密不可分     

冯友兰先生的《中国哲学史》：“同情之了解”与新儒学

冯友兰先生先以中国哲学史家名于世。两卷本《中国哲学史》是其成名的代表作。《中国哲学史》有很多特点,其中最主要的即是"同情之了解"与"新儒学"。"同情之了解"不仅是冯先生成功写作《中国哲学史》的原则和方法,而且也是我们今后弘扬中国优秀传统文化所不可或缺的原则与方法。冯先生后来又成了一位著名的新儒家。作为中国现代学术思潮中新儒家的一位典型代表,冯先生本人以及一般论者都公认为应以其"贞元六书"的"新理学"哲学体系为代表。文章赞同这个共识,但想补充一点,即广而言之,似乎也可以包括冯先生所著的两卷本《中国哲学史》在内。文章从其目录、内容、审查、批评、自觉与自白和"贞元六书"多方面进行了探索与论述。     

阿部正雄的宗教对话理论初探

文章简要介绍和分析了阿部正雄对当代宗教对话理论问题的思考。首先,针对世界诸宗教的当代处境,阿部指出目前宗教对话最根本的目标在于宗教间创造性的相互转化,只有这样宗教作为一个整体才能有效回应当代反宗教意识形态的挑战;其次,针对宗教内部的多元化问题,阿部提出了以佛教“三身佛”理论作为整合世界诸宗教之多元性和统一性的工作假说。笔者认为这一假说在一定程度上论证了宗教间的相互学习和转化的可能性和必要性,但另一方面又体现了某种程度的佛教优越感,难以真正为佛教和其他宗教“平等”的相互转化提供理论基础。     

比较治疗专家系统在临床诊断中的应用

比较治疗专家系统是比较治疗学在临床应用的一个方向,它也是辅助医生临床诊断的一种智能化的工具。本文比较了现有各种知识表示方法的优缺点,简要介绍了比较治疗专家系统在医疗诊断中的研究现状;通过分析现存问题提出了一个可行性的研究方向。     

ESBLs大肠埃希菌Ⅰ类整合子与耐药性关系

整合子通过位点特异的基因重组在临床细菌耐药性传播中起重要作用。根据整合酶基因intⅠ的序列不同将整合子划分成4种类型,其中第一类整合子最常见,决定着细菌的多重耐药。产ESBLs菌株在整合予水平转移的介导下能增加捕获这些基因盒的可能性,更有利于耐药基因的传递和扩散。     

靶控输注技术的个体化应用

靶控输注技术作为一种新兴的静脉给药方法,凭借其独特的优势已广泛的应用于临床麻醉,但个体差异的存在使靶控输注技术的应用受到局限。通过对病人个体差异的哲学分析,阐述个体差异对靶控输注技术的影响。并就克服个体差异的影响,提出了靶控输注技术的个体化应用。