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611.
Brian M. D’Onofrio Jackson A. Goodnight Carol A. Van Hulle Joseph Lee Rodgers Paul J. Rathouz Irwin D. Waldman Benjamin B. Lahey 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(3):415-429
The study presents a quasi-experimental analysis of data on 9,194 offspring (ages 4–11 years old) of women from a nationally
representative U.S. sample of households to test the causal hypotheses about the association between family income and childhood
conduct problems (CPs). Comparison of unrelated individuals in the sample indicated a robust inverse association, with the
relation being larger at higher levels of income and for male offspring, even when statistical covariates were included to
account for measured confounds that distinguish different families. Offspring also were compared to their siblings and cousins
who were exposed to different levels of family income in childhood to rule out unmeasured environmental and genetic factors
confounded with family income as explanations for the association. In these within-family analyses, boys exposed to lower
family income still exhibited significantly higher levels of CPs. When considered in the context of previous studies using
different designs, these results support the inference that family income influences CPs, particularly in males, through causal
environmental processes specifically related to earnings within the nuclear family.
This research was supported by grant R01-MH070025 to Benjamin B. Lahey. The research was approved by the Institutional Review
Board at Indiana University.
Resubmitted to the Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology on April 21, 2008 and October 20, 2008. 相似文献
612.
Raheem J. Paxton Robert F. Valois J. Wanzer Drane 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(5):593-605
We investigated the relationship between family structure and substance use in a sample of 2,138 public middle school students
in a southern state. The CDC Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey was utilized and adjusted logistic regression models
were created separately for four race/gender categories (African American females/males, and Caucasian females/males) to examine
associations among selected drug use variables (tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and inhalants). Analyses were adjusted for social
economic status. Results suggested differences (p ≤ .05) among race/gender groups for the protective effect of living in an intact family (both mother and father, real or
adoptive) regarding substance use among middle school students. In addition, family structure appeared to have a stronger
relationship with substance use for Caucasians as opposed to African American adolescents. Caucasian adolescents living in
cohabitated family households were more likely to report substance use, when compared to those living in intact two-parent
households. Adolescents who are undergoing parental divorce may need special attention as they transition into new family
structures. 相似文献
613.
Christopher Les Caldwell Arthur M. Horne Bernard Davidson William H. Quinn 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(3):443-459
Parenting practices are major influences on incidents of juvenile delinquency. Stress experienced by parents of children with
behavioral problems is a leading contributor to parenting practices. We investigated the extent to which parental stress was
reduced by participation in an established multiple group family intervention, the Family Solutions Program, developed to
reduce recidivism among juvenile offenders. We also examined parent stress by gender, ethnicity, dropout rates, intervention
benefits at 3-month follow-up, single- versus two-parent households, and across dimensions of family functioning and parent-adolescent
communication. Parents reported greater levels of parent stress than non-clinical parents prior to intervention. Parental
stress did diminish in response to intervention, but not until follow-up to intervention completion. No differences were found
on initial parent stress level between completers and non-completers of the intervention or between parent stress and gender
or ethnicity of the parent; however, single-parent household was associated with significantly higher levels of parent stress.
Family functioning was significantly negatively correlated with parental stress. Finally, open communication between juvenile
first offenders and their parents improved significantly in response to the intervention both at post-intervention and at
follow-up. 相似文献
614.
Susan H. McDaniel Pieter LeRoux 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(1):23-32
This paper describes the application of family psychology to the primary care setting—in service, education and training,
and scholarship. Primary care family psychology integrates family systems with biopsychosocial theory, yielding an approach
that is uniquely suited to the generalist demands of primary care. This approach attends especially to the effects of relationships
on health and healthcare, using the family as a potential resource to the patient just as the healthcare team is a resource
to the clinician. Training opportunities in primary care family psychology are growing. The University of Rochester School
of Medicine and Dentistry fellowship is described as an example, with core primary care family psychology training in four
different clinical sites: Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics/Gynecology.
Susan H. McDaniel is Professor of Psychiatry & Family Medicine, Director of Family Programs & the Wynne Center for Family
Research in Psychiatry, and Associate Chair of Family Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,
Rochester, New York. Dr McDaniel also directs the Primary Care Family Psychology Fellowship.
Picter LeRoux is Associate Professor of Psychiatry & Pediatrics, and Director of the Family Therapy Training Program in Psychiatry,
University of Rochester School Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York. Dr. LeRoux also heads the Pediatric Track of the
Primary Care Family Psychology Fellowship. 相似文献
615.
Sanna J. Thompson Kimberly Bender Janet Lantry Patrick M. Flynn 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2007,29(1-2):39-55
Client engagement is an essential yet challenging ingredient in effective therapy. Engaged clients are more likely to bond
with therapists and counselors, endorse treatment goals, participate to a greater degree, remain in treatment longer, and
report higher levels of satisfaction. This study explored the process of engaging high-risk youth and their parents in a unique
home-based family therapy intervention. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 families who completed family therapy
sessions that included a core component aimed at increasing treatment engagement. Parents’ and youths’ perceptions of engagement
suggest the importance of developing therapeutic alliance with therapists, who facilitated building a shared alliance among
family members. Implications for improving client engagement are discussed within the context of alliance building with the
therapist and among family members. 相似文献
616.
青少年心理健康教育是素质教育的重要组成部分,心理问题是阻碍青少年健康成长的重要因素之一。本文从帮助一个大学生摆脱心理痛苦的案例出发,介绍了心理咨询的一些方法、过程和技巧。特别强调了心理咨询要透过现象看本质,既要分析来访者所遭遇的负性事件,又要把握来访者的个性特征、成长经历以及父母教养方式等诸多因素。在治疗方面,既强调发挥来访者自我潜力的重要性,又要重视来访者家庭支持的辅助作用。 相似文献
617.
The impact of educational television on young children's reading in the context of family stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elizabeth A. Vandewater David S. Bickham 《Journal of applied developmental psychology》2004,25(6):717
This study examined the impact of educational media use on young children's (ages 2–5) reading and pre-reading skills in the context of various family stressors (lack of economic resources, family conflict, and maternal depression). We examined the utility of models positing that family stressors directly predict the quality of the home learning environment and educational media use, which then directly predict children's reading and pre-reading skills. Results indicated that all family stressors were negatively related to the quality of the home learning environment, which was in turn directly related to children's reading skills. However, only family conflict was negatively related to educational media use, though media use was positively related to reading skills. Moreover, the magnitude of the relationship between educational media use and reading skills was equal to that of the relationship between the quality of the home learning environment and reading skills. Results suggest that educational media use is less prone to disruption by family stressors than other influences on young children's reading and pre-reading skills. 相似文献
618.
无意识目标追求是指个体自动地追求由情境线索激活的目标, 而全然不知目标对自己行为的导向作用。无意识目标追求具有灵活性、抑制性和坚持性。无意识目标追求经由行动的无意识准备和目标价值的自动评估与努力过程实现。积极情绪、内隐态度和人际关系影响无意识目标追求。未来研究需要进一步探讨无意识目标追求的影响因素, 完善无意识目标追求的机制, 探究无意识目标追求结果对个体心理和行为的影响, 提高研究结果的生态效度, 拓展应用研究。 相似文献
619.
620.
Keith Armstrong Justine Underhill Ken Epstein Thomas J. Metzler Tahl D. Sendowski Ashley O'Connor Jerika C. Norona Eva C. Ihle 《Family process》2019,58(4):819-831
Reflecting Teams (RTs) are an internationally recognized clinical consultation methodology, first developed by Tom Andersen in 1985. Over the last three decades, family therapists around the world have used RTs to enhance treatment. However, this innovation to family therapy practice is not well‐standardized nor evaluated. The pilot study described in this article is an attempt to expand on the previous studies on RTs, and quantitatively examines RTs conducted with family therapy participants at a university medical center psychiatric institute. Preliminary analyses indicate that after participating in a single RT, family members may feel more hopeful, believe they can better support each other in times of stress, have more confidence in working together, and resolve conflicts. Additionally, the analyses suggest that family members may feel better understood and have more ideas about how to have a conversation with their family members, even though, after the RT, they may not view their family differently. These preliminary results suggest that further studies should explore the influence of RTs on family functioning. 相似文献