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261.
Herv Tissot Regina Kuersten‐Hogan France Frascarolo Nicolas Favez James P. McHale 《Family process》2019,58(1):129-145
Over the past 20 years, systemically guided approaches to understanding early family processes have helped to provide greater clarity concerning the interplay among individual, dyadic, and family level processes. Parental depression, marital functioning, and child adjustment in particular appear to be reliable predictors of coparental and family level functioning. Indeed, cohesion at the level of the family group covaries in theoretically meaningful ways with these indicators of individual and dyadic adjustment. In this study, two collaborating research groups (one in Switzerland, the second in the United States) partnered to examine whether similar patterns of relationships exist among individual and marital adjustment and coparenting processes in families of 4‐year‐old children. Using similar constructs but disparate and occasionally dissimilar measures, both groups measured parent‐reported depression, marital satisfaction, and child behavior problems. Coparenting cooperation and warmth were observed during family interactions. Despite differences between samples and evaluation tools, similar results were found for the Swiss and U.S. samples. A model with depression, marital satisfaction, and child symptoms as predictors of a latent factor of observed coparenting cooperation and warmth showed good fit to data in both samples, suggesting the model was relevant for each. Parameter estimation showed that higher coparenting cooperation and warmth was predicted by lower maternal depression and higher child internalizing symptoms. The common significant effects despite differences in assessment paradigms and instrumentation are of substantive interest. Future directions pertinent to the coparenting questions addressed in this research are discussed. 相似文献
262.
263.
Rikke Lambek Anne‐Mette Lange Natasja Petersen Anne Mette Gorrissen 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2019,60(2):138-144
Given the potentially harmful effects of parenting stress on parents, children, and their relationship, it is critical to have a reliable and valid measure of parenting stress in clinical and community samples. The Family Strain Index (FSI) is a brief questionnaire designed to measure stress and demand on parents of children with ADHD. The present study is the first to evaluate the psychometric properties of scores on the FSI in a general community sample. Parents (89% mothers) of 550 preschool children (aged 2–5 years; 50% boys) sampled through 17 kindergartens located in Danish cities and villages completed the FSI, the ADHD Rating Scale (RS)‐IV Preschool Version, and a background questionnaire. FSI scores were characterized by restricted range and floor effects. The scale's construct validity was not supported and the measurement repeatability after 1 month was low. The scale did have convergent validity as levels of parenting stress were associated with perceived ADHD behavior in off‐spring, but overall, results did not encourage the use of the FSI as a measure of parenting stress in the general population. Measures that include more normative events may be more appropriate when attempting to capture parenting stress in general community samples. 相似文献
264.
Relations between two contextual challenges (low household income, difficult child temperament), maternal agreeableness and three aspects of parenting (harshness, sensitivity, stimulation) were examined when children were 6 months, 54 months old and 5th grade. Mothers with higher incomes and more education were more sensitive and provided more stimulation to their children. They also were less harsh. Mothers high in agreeableness were more likely to demonstrate sensitivity and provide stimulation; and they were less likely to manifest harshness. Maternal agreeableness moderated the effects of low income on parental behavior with significant interaction effects observed in 9 of the 12 models tested. When rearing a difficult child, mother’s high in agreeableness showed more supportive behavior in 3 of the 12 models tested. 相似文献
265.
266.
Family Therapy and Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: Pursuing Clinical and Bio/Psycho/Social Competence
Childhood-onset schizophrenia is perceived as more complicated because of its complexity, pervasive duration, and impact on
individual and family functioning. Viewing the symptoms of childhood schizophrenia as creating a bio/psycho/social competence
within which the therapist and family must interact may help contribute to treatment success. Competent family therapists
working within this culture should be knowledgeable about the characteristics of childhood-onset schizophrenia, aware of their
own biases towards psychosis, and skillful in its treatment. Guidelines are provided to help therapists identify their attitudes
about schizophrenia and understand appropriate skills for treating the disorder. 相似文献
267.
Aynur Oksal 《Sex roles》2008,58(7-8):514-525
This study examined familial patterns of attitudes toward lesbians (AT-Lesbians) and toward gay men (AT-Gay) by using Herek’s
(1998) short-form of AT-Lesbian and AT-Gay scales. The participants were 116 college students (47 males, 69 females) and their
parents (116 mothers, 116 fathers) located in the West Anatolian region of Turkey. Results point to significant differences
between parents and their daughters, but not between parents and their sons. Fathers expressed relatively negative attitudes
toward gay men, whereas mothers’ expressed similar attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Sons’ attitudes did not differ significantly
across attitude targets, whereas daughters expressed relatively negative attitudes toward lesbians. Maternal attitudes appeared
to be the most effective predictor for young childrens’ attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. 相似文献
268.
This study examines the potential impact of family conflict and cohesion, and peer support/bullying on children with autism
spectrum disorder (ASD). While such impacts have been established for a range of non-ASD childhood disorders, these findings
may not generalize to children with ASD because of unique problems in perspective-taking, understanding others’ emotion, cognitive
rigidity, and social reasoning. A structural model-building approach was used to test the extent to which family and peer
variables directly or indirectly affected ASD via child anxiety/depression. The sample (N = 322) consisted of parents of children with ASD referred to two specialist clinics. The sample contained parents of children
with Autistic Disorder (n = 76), Asperger Disorder (n = 188), Pervasive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (n = 21), and children with a non-ASD or no diagnosis (n = 37). Parents completed questionnaires on-line via a secure website. The key findings were that anxiety/depression and ASD
symptomatology were significantly related, and family conflict was more predictive of ASD symptomatology than positive family/peer
influences. The results point to the utility of expanding interventions to include conflict management for couples, even when
conflict and family distress is low. Further research is needed on the potentially different meanings of family cohesion and
conflict for children with ASD relative to children without ASD. 相似文献
269.
Elvira Cicognani Cinzia Albanesi Bruna Zani 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2008,18(6):558-575
The study investigates the impact of residential context on stressful events and Subjective Well being (Emotional and Psychological) in young people living in a deprived geographical area, and the mediating role of personal (Self‐Efficacy) and social (Social Support, Sense of Community) variables. A questionnaire was submitted to 297 subjects (48.5% males): 203 adolescents (14–19 years old) and 94 young adults (20–27 years old), from different socio‐economic (SES) levels. Results confirm the significant impact of the residential context on youngsters' perceived residential quality, Stress and Subjective Well being outcomes; such effect partly differs according to participants' gender and age. Adolescents are less satisfied of their living context and enjoy lower well being than young adults. Social resources (Friend and Family Support) significantly buffer the effect of a deprived residential context of youngsters' Well being, whereas personal resources (Self‐Efficacy) directly increase Well being levels. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
270.
Family unpredictability or inconsistency may be responsible, in part, for the detrimental outcomes associated with parental
divorce, parental alcoholism, and family poverty. We assessed behavior patterns and regulatory systems in one’s family of
origin for the purposes of developing the Retrospective Family Unpredictability Scale (Retro-FUS). In the first study (N = 416, 89% Caucasian, 59% female), confirmatory factor analysis indicated a six-factor solution was appropriate and the six
subscales (meals, money, mother nurturance, father nurturance, mother discipline, and father discipline) were reliable. A
second study (N = 305, 82% Caucasian, 77% female) demonstrated that Retro-FUS scores related to other conceptually similar factors. Specifically,
Retro-FUS scores were higher among participants reporting these factors while growing up: parental divorce, family economic
adversity, more neighborhood crime, and a greater likelihood of parental alcoholism. Thus, the Retro-FUS appears to be a multi-dimensional,
retrospective measure of family unpredictability that demonstrates internal consistency and preliminary construct validity.
We discuss implications for research and clinical applications as well as ideas for further research using the Retrospective
Family Unpredictability Scale. 相似文献