Crystallographic texture formation during recrystallization of cold-rolled Fe-3%Si single crystal under high DC magnetic fields

In a flat single crystal of Fe–3%Si alloy with (1 1 0)[0 0 1] orientation, regions with (0 0 1)[1.–1.0] orientation (deformation twins) were created by rolling at a low temperature. After cold rolling at 80% at an angle of 45º to the [0 0 1] direction, a (1 1 2) [1.–1.0] deformation texture was formed. In the recrystallization process during annealing of such a sample, a polycrystalline structure having a nearly cubic texture (0 0 1) [1–1.0] is formed. It is demonstrated that annealing under a high DC magnetic field enhances the cubic texture sharpness as compared to annealing carried out under similar conditions without a magnetic field.     

Structural Analysis of the Trauma Symptom Inventory–2

The Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI; Briere, 1995), a measure of the psychological effects of trauma and other adverse events, was recently expanded and updated (TSI–2; Briere, 2011). This study evaluated 4 competing models of TSI–2 dimensionality and determined the predictive validity of the best fitting solution. Data were collected from 679 adults in the general population. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a 4-factor solution best fit the data. All 4 factors of the final model were significant predictors of exposure to trauma or some other very upsetting event, especially posttraumatic stress. Additional research is indicated to further probe the characteristics of the TSI–2, including its dimensionality in other groups.     

Adaptation et validation d’une version brève en langue française du questionnaire d’impulsivité de Barratt (BIS-15)

IntroductionThe Barratt Impulsiveness Scale is one of the most frequently used questionnaires to assess impulsivity. Many versions of the questionnaire were developed during the 50 years that followed its creation.ObjectivesThis article reports validation data for a French-language version of Spinella's (2007) BIS-15 questionnaire, a short version of Barratt's original scale (BIS-11; Patton, Standford, & Barratt, 1995).MethodReliability, principal component analyses and confirmatory factor analyses have been conducted with two university student samples (study 1, n = 366; study 2, n = 322).ResultsThe results of this study revealed a number of redundant items, which lead us to consider a unidimensional model with correlated measurement errors. Cronbach's alpha reliability was acceptable for study 1 (0.71), and satisfactory for study 2 (0.81). Test-retest reliability was also satisfactory (0.84). Elements of external validity (correlations with anxiety, neurosis, and extraversion) are reported.ConclusionsConsiderations regarding the type of response scales and assessment methods used in questionnaires are discussed in the conclusion.     

Factor structure and correlates of the Mandarin version of the Managing the Emotions of Others (MEOS) scale

The English‐language version of the Managing the Emotions of Others (MEOS) scale has been found to have a six‐factor structure. This includes two pairs (Enhance, Divert and Worsen, Inauthentic) that respectively describe prosocial and non‐prosocial interpersonal emotion management, together with an emotional concealment factor (Conceal) and a factor assessing poor self‐rated emotional skills. A Mandarin translation of the MEOS was completed by 277 Chinese student participants. Factor analysis indicated a four‐factor structure comprising a merged Enhance/Divert factor, together with Worsen, Inauthentic and Conceal factors. The emergence of a different factor structure compared to Western samples may be related to culture‐dependent attitudes to emotional expression. The associations of the MEOS factors with Five‐Factor model personality, the Dark Triad and trait emotional intelligence (EI) were examined; these were similar to but generally weaker than those found for the English‐language version.     

精神的结构：阴阳与弗洛伊德人格理论

随着临床实践的深入,弗洛伊德在后期对人格结构进行了调整,提出了精神的动力结构,但他在其精神结构中过分强调个体的生物性本能,忽略了矛盾既相互对立又相成相济。事实上,处于“自然-道德”中间状态的人的精神结构,可以用中国哲学中的“阴阳”来理解,即在结构上注重阴阳的对立与平等,在发展上强调阴阳在不同时期的发展和变化。阴阳太极图与弗洛伊德后期的人格理论的中西互补,能够加深对徘徊在自然-道德之间的人的认识,从而为重新审视中国传统思想之于现代和当代精神结构的建设有着重要的启示和价值。     

An inverse Ruddlesden-Popper nitride Ca7(Li1−xFex)Te2N2 grown from Ca flux

Nitridoferrates containing monovalent iron ions are a class of materials of recent interest as potentially novel magnetic materials. Aiming at the exploration of nitridoferrates of calcium, we report the single crystal growth from Ca ?ux and crystal structure of the first member (n?=?2) of a series of inverse Ruddlesden-Popper nitrides with a general formula of A_n?1A'₂B_nX_3n+1, where A?=?Li/Fe, A'?=?Te, B?=?N, and X?=?Ca. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses indicate the crystal with a composition of Ca₇(Li_0.32(1)Fe_0.68(1))Te₂N₂ and the tetragonal space group I4/mmm (a?=?4.7884(1) Å, c?=?25.3723(4) Å, Z?=?2). The structure features alternately stacking NaCl-type A'X slabs and the perovskite-type ABX₃ slabs along the c axis. The Li/Fe atoms are located in cuboctahedral cavities surrounded by eight Ca₆N octahedra in the ABX₃ slab. This work demonstrates the viability of the Ca-rich ?ux as a suitable solvent for the exploration of new complex nitrides with interesting crystal structure and properties.     

Modeling the Covariance Structure of Complex Datasets Using Cognitive Models: An Application to Individual Differences and the Heritability of Cognitive Ability

Understanding individual differences in cognitive performance is an important part of understanding how variations in underlying cognitive processes can result in variations in task performance. However, the exploration of individual differences in the components of the decision process—such as cognitive processing speed, response caution, and motor execution speed—in previous research has been limited. Here, we assess the heritability of the components of the decision process, with heritability having been a common aspect of individual differences research within other areas of cognition. Importantly, a limitation of previous work on cognitive heritability is the underlying assumption that variability in response times solely reflects variability in the speed of cognitive processing. This assumption has been problematic in other domains, due to the confounding effects of caution and motor execution speed on observed response times. We extend a cognitive model of decision‐making to account for relatedness structure in a twin study paradigm. This approach can separately quantify different contributions to the heritability of response time. Using data from the Human Connectome Project, we find strong evidence for the heritability of response caution, and more ambiguous evidence for the heritability of cognitive processing speed and motor execution speed. Our study suggests that the assumption made in previous studies—that the heritability of cognitive ability is based on cognitive processing speed—may be incorrect. More generally, our methodology provides a useful avenue for future research in complex data that aims to analyze cognitive traits across different sources of related data, whether the relation is between people, tasks, experimental phases, or methods of measurement.