Engagement au travail,estime de soi organisationnelle,et satisfaction envers la carrière : une étude prospective

This article reports the results of a study that examines the effects of job engagement and organization-based self-esteem on career satisfaction. Career satisfaction was measured at three separate times: at the same time than the predictor variables, and six months and one year later, respectively. Based on a sample of 294 respondents from various organizations at Time 1, 154 at Time 2, and 117 at Time 3, the analyses indicate that work engagement exerts a positive and relatively stable effect on career satisfaction over time while organization-based self-esteem displays a similar effect mainly in the short term. Moreover, organization-based self-esteem acts as a moderator of job engagement such that its effect on career satisfaction over time is stronger when organization-based self-esteem is higher. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these results.     

青少年公正世界信念对抑郁的影响:感恩和自尊的序列中介作用

为探讨青少年公正世界信念与抑郁的关系,以及感恩和自尊在二者关系中的作用机制,采用公正世界信念问卷(BJW)、感恩问卷(GQ-6)、自尊量表(SES)和流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对1049名高中学生进行调查。结果发现:(1)青少年公正世界信念、感恩和自尊两两之间呈显著正相关,且三者均与抑郁呈显著负相关。(2)青少年公正世界信念通过感恩和自尊的中介作用对抑郁产生影响,且该中介效应包含了三条中介路径——感恩的简单中介效应,自尊的简单中介效应,以及感恩→自尊的链式中介作用。研究结果揭示了青少年公正世界信念对抑郁产生影响的内部心理机制,为引导青少年更好地利用公正世界信念提升感恩和自尊的水平以及更好地促进心理健康发展提供了有益建议。     

The role of activation charge in an emotional categorisation task for words: insight from the perspective of a dual process theory of the activation mechanisms

The role of activation (arousal and subjective significance) was investigated for word processing in an explicit emotional judgement task using a 3?×?3 manipulation. We expected to find dissociative effects for both factors. The behavioural results showed that the fraction of words perceived as emotional increases with increasing arousal or subjective significance. The electrophysiological (EEG) results showed that both factors influence ERP amplitudes. General effects of subjective significance were found for early (60–120?ms and 120–250?ms, low subjective significant stimuli evoked higher amplitude than other conditions) and late (350–490?ms, high subjective significant stimuli evoked higher amplitude than other conditions) time ranges. Localised arousal effects were found in 250–350?ms and 350–490?ms time ranges at posterior (amplitude for high arousing stimuli was less positive than for other conditions) and left frontal ROIs (diverse pattern). Localised subjective significance effects were found for the 350–490?ms time range at the posterior ROIs (amplitude for high subjective significant stimuli was more positive than for other conditions). The results of this study suggest that the effects of arousal reported in earlier studies might account for a more complex form of activation that was recently postulated, namely subjective significance.     

应用Rasch模型分析Rosenberg自尊量表

采用Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)对425名在校大学生进行施测,应用项目反应理论的Rasch模型对项目指标进行分析及DIF检验。结果表明,Rosenberg自尊量表具有单维性,量表的信度为0.84; 除项目8以外,其他项目拟合指标良好,较适用来区分中等及偏低自尊水平的个体,项目功能差异检验发现在项目1和项目5上存在DIF,表现为男生自尊水平要高于女生。相对于经典测量理论,应用Rasch模型分析Rosenberg自尊量表具有优势,为进一步的完善和使用该自尊量表提供依据。     

领导非工作时间电子通信预期影响下属工作绩效的多路径模型

领导预期下属非工作时间随时保持联系、并且及时回复工作信息已成为当下数字经济时代中的职场新常态。文章基于资源保存理论, 构建领导非工作时间电子通信预期(After-hours electronic communication expectations, AECE)影响下属工作绩效的多路径模型。通过实验研究, 以及多时点、多来源的问卷调查研究, 结果发现：(1)在资源获益路径, 领导AECE会通过增强下属组织自尊, 提升工作绩效; (2)在资源损耗路径, 领导AECE会增加下属的压力感知; (3)在资源威胁路径, 领导AECE会引发下属的名声担忧, 进而降低工作绩效; (4)自我领导调节资源威胁路径, 即当下属自我领导水平较高时, 领导AECE通过名声担忧降低工作绩效的间接效应被削弱。整合的理论框架为解释领导AECE对下属工作绩效的复杂影响提供更全面的解释, 这不仅丰富了AECE相关文献, 拓展了资源保存理论在数字经济管理背景下的应用, 同时也为“随时待命”这一职场新常态提供管理实践启示。     

Can discrepancies between impulsive and reflective processes be associated with movement behavior among the elderly? The facilitating role of inhibitory control

Physical activity participation remains a global public health challenge, with 8 out of 10 older adults failing to meet the minimum physical activity recommendations, and it is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, and mortality. Strategies to promote physical activity are primarily focused on socio-cognitive factors, and their effectiveness is limited. According to dual-process theories, physical activity is related with impulsive/implicit (i.e., emotions) and reflective/explicit (i.e., perceived advantage) processes; however, implicit-explicit discrepancy (IED) may impair movement behavior. In addition, cognitive inhibitory control may have r direct relationship with IED situations since it determines which of these processes predominates in the regulation of individual's behavior. Nonetheless, these outcomes in physical activity behavior among older adults have received little attention. In this study, we associate IED with physical activity and sedentary behavior as measured by accelerometers, and investigate the moderator role of inhibitory control in this association. In this cross-sectional study, 94 older adults were assessed for implicit and explicit attitudes, inhibitory control, and movement behavior using accelerometers over the course of seven days. A higher magnitude of the IED was linked to less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and daily steps. Interestingly, a higher light physical activity was associated with a direction of the IED with more positive explicit attitudes. Furthermore, in older adults with higher inhibitory control, a direction of the IED with more positive explicit attitudes than implicit attitudes was associated with higher MVPA. Our findings suggest that IED may be important factor in the physical activity behavior of older adults. Furthermore, a higher inhibitory control appears to override an impulsive negative response, enabling a more positive reflective assessment of physical activity to serve as the main driver of an active lifestyle.     

新的视角:从脆弱高自尊看人格障碍症状

从脆弱高自尊视角理解人格障碍症状日益受到研究者的关注。过度的防御是脆弱高自尊的典型特征,不稳定的自我概念建构和不安全的依恋关系影响着脆弱高自尊的形成。偏执、自恋、边缘人格障碍症状的产生、维持和水平与脆弱高自尊有着紧密的联系。未来应更加注意几种脆弱高自尊的相互关系、均衡性及概念的异质性等方面在人格障碍症状领域中的研究。     

研究生归因风格及其与自尊关系的研究

研究采用多维归因量表(MMCS)和自尊量表(SES)对研究生归因风格及自尊对归因风格的影响进行调查研究,结果显示:总体上,研究生归因风格呈现内控倾向,年级之间差异显著;对于成败,高自尊学生倾向于归因努力、能力等内部因素;自尊对归因风格有较好的预测作用。     

Memory and consciousness: trace distinctiveness in memory retrievals

The aim of this article was to provide experimental evidence that classical dissociation between levels of consciousness associated with memory retrieval (i.e., implicit or explicit) can be explained in terms of task dependency and distinctiveness of traces. In our study phase, we manipulated the level of isolation (partial vs. global) of the memory trace by means of an isolation paradigm (isolated words among non-isolated words). We then tested these two types of isolation in a series of tasks of increasing complexity: a lexical decision task, a recognition task, and a free recall task. The main result of this study was that distinctiveness effects were observed as a function of the type of isolation (level of isolation) and the nature of the task. We concluded that trace distinctiveness improves subsequent access to the trace, while the level of trace distinctiveness also appears to determine the possibility of conscious or explicit retrieval.     

Development of the State Impostor Phenomenon Scale

The purpose of this study was to develop a State Impostor Phenomenon Scale (SIPS). Participants (344 graduate and undergraduate students) were asked to complete the SIPS, the State Self-Esteem Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Scale in three situations, followed by the Trait Self-Esteem Scale. Results showed that the SIPS had stable factor structure, and adequate reliability. In addition, the predicted correlational patterns among the scales demonstrated the construct validity of the SIPS. Moreover, the SIPS was responsive to different situations, as evidenced by significant differences between the scores in the three situations.