涂尔干德育论对医学研究生学术道德教育的启示

涂尔干德育论认为道德教育的目的是培养道德自主的人,道德教育重在引导学生的道德理性,同时注意激发他们对道德规范的尊重感和对群体的依恋感。在涂尔干德育论视域下,当前我国医学研究生学术道德教育重行动规训、轻理性与情感引导,不利于培养学生学术道德自主性。为此,教育者可以从激发医学研究生学术共同体归属感、多学科协作启迪医学研究生学术道德理性以及合理定位和发挥学术惩罚教育职能等方面着力对医学研究生学术道德教育予以改进。

     

CONSTRUCTING RELIGION WITHOUT THE SOCIAL: DURKHEIM, LATOUR, AND EXTENDED COGNITION

I take up the question of how models of extended cognition might redirect the academic study of religion. Entering into a conversation of sorts with Emile Durkheim and Bruno Latour regarding the "overtakenness" of social agency, I argue that a robust portrait of extended cognition must redirect our interest in explaining religion in two key ways. First, religious studies should take up the methodological principle of symmetry that informs contemporary histories of science and begin theorizing the efficacy of gods as social actors. Second, theorists of religion should begin noting how the work required to construct spaces in which the gods appear depends on the construction of disciplined and capable subjects.     

The sociology of the sacred: A conversation with Jeffrey Alexander

Over the past 20 years, Jeffrey C. Alexander has been a leading social theorist and a pioneer of the ‘strong program’ in cultural sociology, which emphasises the significance of cultural structures of meaning for social life. Following an introductory overview of his work, this article records a public conversation with Alexander about the role and significance of the concept of the sacred in his sociological work. Issues addressed in this conversation include situating Alexander's interest in the sacred in his intellectual biography (including his significant intellectual influences), the mistrust of the concept of the sacred within the wider sociological community, the universality of cultural structures of sacred meaning, the limitations of sociological analysis focused on sacred meaning and methodological approaches to the study of the sacred.