Understanding supervisee nondisclosures in supervision with videorecording review and interpersonal process recall

The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to obtain an in‐depth understanding of supervisees' in‐the‐moment nondisclosure experiences, perceptions and internal processes as they occurred in clinical supervision involving videorecording review. The supervisees who participated in the study were students in their first year of a master's‐level counselling practicum in Western Canada. Utilising interpersonal process recall (IPR) interview methods, supervisees were asked to share their moment‐by‐moment nondisclosures that occurred during a recent videorecorded supervision session in which the supervisory dyad reviewed a videorecording of the supervisee's clinical work. Thematic analysis across cases yielded five overarching themes: (a) validation; (b) safety; (c) growth and accomplishment; (d) performance anxiety; and (e) avoidance. The findings revealed a broad range of positive and negative supervisee nondisclosures that were influenced by the supervision modality of videorecording review and the IPR interview. Implications for clinical supervision, limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

Identifying developmental stuttering and associated comorbidities in electronic health records and creating a phenome risk classifier

PurposeThis study aimed to identify cases of developmental stuttering and associated comorbidities in de-identified electronic health records (EHRs) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and, in turn, build and test a stuttering prediction model.MethodsA multi-step process including a keyword search of medical notes, a text-mining algorithm, and manual review was employed to identify stuttering cases in the EHR. Confirmed cases were compared to matched controls in a phenotype code (phecode) enrichment analysis to reveal conditions associated with stuttering (i.e., comorbidities). These associated phenotypes were used as proxy variables to phenotypically predict stuttering in subjects within the EHR that were not otherwise identifiable using the multi-step identification process described above.ResultsThe multi-step process resulted in the manually reviewed identification of 1,143 stuttering cases in the EHR. Highly enriched phecodes included codes related to childhood onset fluency disorder, adult-onset fluency disorder, hearing loss, sleep disorders, atopy, a multitude of codes for infections, neurological deficits, and body weight. These phecodes were used as variables to create a phenome risk classifier (PheRC) prediction model to identify additional high likelihood stuttering cases. The PheRC prediction model resulted in a positive predictive value of 83 %.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the feasibility of using EHRs in the study of stuttering and found phenotypic associations. The creation of the PheRC has the potential to enable future studies of stuttering using existing EHR data, including investigations into the genetic etiology.     

Training and Supervising Lay Providers in Kenya: Strategies and Mixed-Methods Outcomes☆☆☆

ObjectiveTraining lay providers to deliver mental health interventions is both effective and cost-effective. However, more research is needed to document training and supervision procedures and to collect lay providers’ feedback.MethodsThis study documents training and supervision from a randomized controlled trial of the Shamiri intervention, a four-session, school-based intervention that significantly reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression in Kenyan adolescents. We delivered a 10-hour training to 13 lay providers, M (SD)_age = 21.00 (1.95), %_female = 61.54. We also hosted 30-minute supervision meetings twice weekly. Training and supervision were delivered primarily by undergraduates. Independent raters coded session recordings for fidelity and quality of services, and we collected quantitative and qualitative feedback from lay providers.ResultsReliability and mean ratings for all six of our fidelity and quality measures (delivering required content, adhering to specified details, thoroughness, skillfulness, clarity, and purity) were very good to excellent. Lay provider quantitative ratings of training were also overwhelmingly positive, with an overall satisfaction rating of 6.46/7.00. We identified central qualitative themes in lay provider comments: Generally, comments about training style, content, and personal interactions were overwhelmingly positive, and many lay providers reported personal growth. Comments about timing and location of training were mixed.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that a very brief training delivered primarily by undergraduates can teach high school-graduate lay providers to deliver effective mental health interventions. Additionally, we discuss lessons learned and implications for future research, including the importance of considering local context when planning and of continuously collecting and addressing lay provider feedback.     

The Indifference Function

Abstract

Data from 2 studies conducted in the United States—1 with high school students and 1 with college students—are reported. Two-hundred forty-one multiethnic/multiracial youths (also termed biethnic/biracial, mixed ethnic/mixed racial, and interracial) were selected using 2 large surveys and compared with 1,041 of their monoethnic peers. Although more than 10% of the students across both studies were multiethnic, less than one third of these respondents labeled themselves as such. Ethnic self-labels varied with setting, type of question, and parental ethnicity. Multiethnic youths did not differ from monoethnics regarding self-esteem. In some cases, multiethnic students had more positive attitudes toward other groups than moneethnics did.     

An Investigation of Abusive Supervision,Vicarious Abusive Supervision,and Their Joint Impacts

ABSTRACT

Recent work has begun to look at the impact of abusive supervision, a dysfunctional workplace behavior, on employee outcomes. This study extends this line of research by examining vicarious abusive supervision (abuse not directly experienced, but rumors about it or hearing about it, that is “experienced vicariously”). In particular, this research effort investigates whether vicarious abuse has effects above and beyond those accounted for by personally experienced abusive supervision on the outcomes of job frustration, coworker abuse, and perceived organizational support. Our sample is composed of 233 workers from a large variety of organizations. Results reveal that both personally experienced and vicarious abuse have negative impacts and these effects are heightened when both forms of abusive supervision are present. Practical and theoretical implications, as well as directions for future research, are offered.     

Parenthood and parental functions as a result of the experience of parallel psychotherapy with children and parents

The concept of parenthood as defined in classical theory and later theorizations is discussed. Parenthood is defined as a transformative process, activated by the idea of having a child and by interaction with the child, through which a constellation of affective and psychic capacities is developed, promoting growth and psychic change and evolving over time. Parental functions, rather than being learnable skills, are considered as mind functions linked to character traits that cannot be split from the personality as a whole and are, as such, susceptible to improvement through psychotherapeutic work. The author illustrates this with a model of psychotherapies and parallel analyses of parents and children tested and elaborated in public and private practice, showing its therapeutic and cognitive advantages. The central thesis of the paper is that whatever the approach and working method with the parents, the therapeutic space offered encourages certain processes that are vital for the structuring of the self and the psychic growth of the child: creation of a space for the representation and emotional investment of the child; improvement in the parental functions; and identification with the therapist as a new or reactivated developmental object. Two clinical cases illustrate the parallel evolution of therapeutic relationships and of the parent‐child relationship.     

Hybrid sales structures in the age of e-commerce

Sales organizations continue to exhibit meaningful changes in their structures during the e-commerce era. This article examines the impact of Internet technology on the evolution of sales organizations and identifies key components underpinning a successful hybrid sales structure. A comprehensive review of sales organization studies leads to the derivation of a hybrid sales structure model, as well as a series of key recommendations pertaining to the organization and sales performance. These findings establish a platform for further research into the hybrid sales structure. The transition from a reliance on traditional, outside sales forces to a concomitant use of inside sales personnel produces hybrid sales structures that can accommodate online buyer–seller interactions and also leverage technological advances in sales automation and business intelligence to boost sales performance.     

‘I'm beyond caring’, a response to the Francis Report: the failure of social systems in health care to adequately support nurses and nursing in the clinical care of their patients

Lord Francis was commissioned to look at why the serious problems (between January 2005 and March 2009) at Mid Staffs Foundation Trust were not identified sooner and the appropriate action taken. Lord Francis was also asked to outline what lessons could be learned to enhance patient care. The report was delivered on 5 February 2013 and contained 290 recommendations. The key message was that the National Health Service needed to put the patient first and everything else should flow from that principle. Poor standards of care should not be tolerated and staff would be expected to speak out when they felt patient care was being compromised. Lord Francis also recommended that there should be one regulatory body and that the role of the Care Quality Commission was to be reviewed.     

Ethical and Legal Considerations in the Training of Mental Health Professionals

Summary

A discussion is provided regarding ethical and legal considerations that relate to the training of mental health professionals. A training program which emphasizes a proactive approach to identifying and resolving potential ethical and legal problems, and their close connection with clinical issues is described, as are the responsibilities of supervisors and supervisees in such a program. For illustrative purposes, a training vignette and a clinical vignette conclude the article.