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191.
Qi Zhang 《Cognitive Systems Research》2005,6(4):320-332
This article, using a counter as an example, explores a novel approach in constructing a cognitive system. The system is a paired memory system of “left and right brain” consisting of a number of memory units. The “left brain” is dedicated to the cognitive process of symbols, and the “right brain” to the representation of the symbols. The left and right subsystems are connected by bundles of internal communication signals. The paired memory system can learn facts and generalize concepts. Its cognitive capability is realized through the communication among these memory units at different cognitive levels within the system. The key claims in this paper are supported by empirical findings and theoretical principles. An AI counter is built and demonstrated in terms of concept learning and responding. 相似文献
192.
Three patterns of mutual intimate partner violence (IPV) are proposed, based on frequency and severity: Male primary perpetrator
(MPP), female primary perpetrator (FPP), and symmetrical (SYM). Patterns and effects of ethnicity were examined with 445 African
American, Euro-American, and Mexican American low-income women experiencing mutual IPV. More relationships were classified
as MPP (54%) than SYM (35%) or FPP (11%). Comparing women's and men's perpetration of several types of IPV (e.g., threats,
severe physical) indicated MPP-pattern women experienced all IPV types more often and were more likely to sustain injury than
their male partners. Fewer gender differences were found in the FPP pattern. Racial/ethnic groups were more similar than different;
previously reported differences may be explained by variation in socioeconomic status.
The larger part of the study was funded by grant R49/CCR610508 from the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, awarded to the third author. This article was also made possible by grant
2001-WT-BX-0504 from the National Institute of Justice awarded to the first and third authors. These agencies are not responsible
for the results. Portions of this paper were presented by the first and third authors at the International Family Violence
Conference in Portsmouth, NH, July, 2003. 相似文献
193.
《史记·高祖功臣侯者年表》序中的“汉兴……户口可得而数者十二三”这句话,是关于汉初人口状况的最早记载。对这句话的不同理解,影响到人们对汉初人口数量及其他相关历史问题的看法。学界对于这句话有着多种理解。本文认为司马迁此语,应当仅是针对汉初朝廷直接控制区内的户口而言,当时占去最富庶的东、南半壁江山的诸侯王国,是被排除在外的。 相似文献
194.
心、脑科学与医学人道主义价值观 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
兰礼吉 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2004,25(8):33-34
当今,心、脑科学的研究进展及成果极大支持了科学的医学人道主价值观应当以正确认识、把握、运用脑模式科学假说为基础的观点.试从意识的本质、医学人道价值观的机制、与价值相关的医者心灵的自我控制和意志自由等三个方面探讨心、脑科学同医学实践中的医学人道价值观的关系. 相似文献
195.
颅脑手术戒毒的哲学与伦理思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
颅脑手术戒毒这项新的医疗技术在社会上引起很大反响,最近被卫生部紧急叫停.从颅脑手术戒毒的历史、存在的问题、哲学及伦理方面进行反思是有必要的.把一项临床科研项目直接变换成一项临床服务项目,既未经严格科学论证也不符合伦理与法规要求. 相似文献
196.
新的人身损害赔偿司法解释对医疗行业的影响及医疗行业的对策 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
新的人身损害赔偿司法解释将于2004年5月1日正式施行.预计将引起医疗纠纷诉讼大量增加,且多以医疗侵权为诉因,医疗机构的赔偿费用也会大幅上升.医疗行业应从减少医疗过失,改善医患关系,完善医疗事故鉴定等方面加以应对. 相似文献
197.
意识和无意识活动的脑区能态理论 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文在脑的四个功能系统学说的基础上,提出脑区能态理论,研究有意识、无意识和潜意识。讨论有意识、无意识、潜意识的脑机制,指出有意识、无意识、潜意识的统一性。 相似文献
198.
199.
Richard M. Shewchuk Patricia A. Rivera Timothy R. Elliott Alice M. Adams 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2004,11(3):141-150
Individuals who provide ongoing care for family members who have a chronic disease or disability are likely to encounter a wide array of problems that can compromise their own health and their ability to function effectively in a caregiving role. Structured focus group meetings were conducted to elicit a comprehensive list of the problems that caregivers experienced during their first year of providing care to a person with a severe physical disability. A separate group of caregivers (N = 60) individually sorted problems into piles based on their similarity and assigned relative importance to each problem. The aggregated data were analyzed with multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. Results indicated that caregivers cognitively organize problems along three dimensions: I. Centeredness–caregiver versus patient-oriented; II. Relationship Demands–physical versus emotional; and III. Caregiver Burden–time versus emotional. Additionally, 6 clusters of substantively similar problems were identified and prioritized in terms of personal relevance: Basic Needs (lowest); Perceived Constraints; Caregiver Challenges; Patient Resentment; Patient Withdrawal; and Patient Intrapsychic Adjustment (highest). Further examination of the organization of problems identified by caregivers should provide important insights about the experience of caregivers and how more targeted interventions can be developed to address their specific needs. 相似文献
200.
陈少宗 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2011,32(1):69-70
本文概略介绍新兴的脑功能磁共振检查原理及其对人脑运作机制、人类精神活动的研究。讨论脑功能磁共振的临床技术是否完善、现阶段普及该技术是否可能和必要,以及进行脑功能磁共振检查可能引发的隐私权、歧视等伦理学问题,并探讨解决之道。 相似文献