Negative affect and 24-hour ambulatory physiological recordings as predictors of spontaneous improvement of medically unexplained symptoms

The predictive value for spontaneous improvement in individuals suffering from medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) was explored of (1) anxiety and depression obtained from questionnaires, (2) negative affective states obtained from experience-sampling, and (3) ambulatory-assessed real-life physiological recordings. Sixty-seven individuals with MUS and 61 healthy controls were included. Twenty-four hour ambulatory recordings of cardiac autonomic activity, respiration, end-tidal CO(2) and saliva cortisol were combined with experience-sampling of somatic complaints and mood. Complaints were assessed again after one year. Although a reduction in symptoms (25%) was found, this could not be predicted from initial anxiety and depression. Improvement was somewhat related to relatively low diary reports of fatigue, especially in the late-afternoon and evening (3% variance explained). From the physiological measures only relatively high PetCO(2) values in the morning predicted improvement (5% explained). It was concluded that spontaneous recovery from MUS is hard to predict from self-reported distress and ambulatory physiological recordings.     

HAND IN GLOVE: EVALUATING THE FIT BETWEEN METHOD AND THEOLOGY IN VAN HUYSSTEEN'S INTERPRETATION OF HUMAN UNIQUENESS

Wentzel van Huyssteen's Alone in the World? (2006) presents an interpretation of human uniqueness in the form of a dialogue between classical Christian theological affirmations and cutting‐edge scientific understandings of the human and animal worlds. The sheer amount of information from different thinkers and fields that van Huyssteen absorbs and integrates makes this book extraordinary and, indeed, very rich as a work of interdisciplinary theology. The book commands respect and deserves close attention. In this essay I evaluate van Huyssteen's proposal as well as the method he uses to produce it. Special attention is given to the concept of embodiment. Van Huyssteen's concept of embodiment is substantially correct in most respects and largely consistent with the scientific and theological pictures of human nature. In a few respects, however, his interpretation of the bodily character of human life appears to be insufficiently thoroughgoing relative to our best contemporary knowledge of human nature from the natural sciences.     

THE CENTRALITY OF INCARNATION

What we urgently need at the beginning of the twenty‐first century is a christological vision that can shape and inform a new and powerful way of helping humankind to interpret their place within the universe. A christological vision that is unintelligible and uninteresting can have a profoundly deleterious soteriological implication: the orbit of God's saving grace will not be wide enough to encompass the universal place of humankind. Arthur Peacocke's move is clear and to the point: Only when the foundations and universal scope of God's grace are fully established for all of creation, only then can the importance of God's specific work in Jesus the Christ be established.     

Children's spirituality with particular reference to a Norwegian context: some hermeneutical reflections

Spirituality has become an issue in many domains of the Norwegian society, but this is not reflected in public education. This paper discusses why this is so, and suggests some hermeneutical approaches to understanding spirituality that can include pre‐school children's spirituality, with particular reference to a Norwegian context. Central to this discussion is a case study of children in ‘sacred space’, and an understanding of spirituality as cultural learning. Education in schools as well as in kindergartens is dominated by a secular outlook on life as ‘default’, or a cultural and collective forgetfulness. Children's spirituality challenges adults to explore and rearticulate what is forgotten, in terms of nurturing what it is to be human, of caring for what is really important, and of cultivating hope – in Norway as well as in other countries.     

特殊儿童心理弹性的研究：现状及启示

心理弹性研究是心理学研究的热点领域,特殊儿童的心理弹性又是其中的重要部分。本文对学习障碍儿童、身体功能障碍、情绪或行为问题儿童等特殊儿童心理弹性的研究进行梳理．厘清其研究框架及问题范畴,寻找和明确促进儿童弹性发展的保护性因素及危险因素,并据此从家庭教育、学校教育、社会支持等方面入手,提出了促进特殊儿童的弹性发展之策略,以期为特殊儿童的教育实践提供一些有益的探索。     

青少年人际信任发展的影响因素研究述评

回顾10多年来国内外关于青少年人际信任发展的影响因素的研究进展,研究范围涉及到个体层面、人际交往层面、群体层面的诸多因素,并得到了一些发人思考的结论。研究表明较高水平的人际信任可以使青少年获得更大的发展空间,进而促进其健康发展。未来研究应在早期人际信任发展的作用上予以重视,在人际信任的心理机制上进行深入探讨,同时更要在干预研究上进一步加强。     

Poppers Methodologischer Individualismus und die Sozialwissenschaften

Popper's methodological individualism and the social sciences. Popper's philosophy of social sciences poses a dilemma that arises out of the two theses of methodological individualism and situational logic. In order to find a way out of this dilemma, one must raise the question concerning the epistemological and methodological status of the `laws' of the human sciences. There are indeed `rules' from which human actions depart mostly to a negligible extent, but they remain valid or stay in effect without exception only as far as they are not re-evoked or re-emerge in the consciousness of the agents. The element of truth of methodological individualism lies in the person's capacity to revoke, in principle, the validity of the rules concerning oneself. Situational logic and methodological individualism can thus be reconciled. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

家庭环境与大学生抑郁和疏离感的关系

为了了解大学生的抑郁和疏离感状况及其影响因素,随机整群抽取了江苏省19所高校1900名大学生,进行了问卷调查,并对CES D量表、Alienation量表得分和心理健康的可能家庭影响因素进行了单因素方差分析。分析结果显示,14.7%的大学生CES-D量表得分≥20,3.3%的大学生Alienation量表得分≤30;是否独生子女、家庭所在地、家庭月收入、家庭凝聚力、家庭沟通、家庭冲突、父母受教育程度、职业、情感表达等,对大学生的抑郁和疏离感有不同程度的影响。由此可见,家庭因素仍然是影响大学生心理健康的重要因素。     

哲学革命变革的源头和对"历史之谜"的解答--纪念马克思写作《1844年经济学哲学手稿》160周年

本文从异化思想和对共产主义的论述两个问题入手,从实践唯物主义的思想奠基、异化概念的真实意义、共产主义的哲学形上境界、价值评价和历史评价的统一等四个方面,对《1844年经济学哲学手稿》进行了有针对性的辩白和论证。目的在于拭去蒙其之上的灰垢,恢复并光大其在马克思主义形成中的里程碑式的地位与意义。     

微生物威胁与人类安全

传染病伴随人类而存在,是人类的天敌.科学的进步、时代的发展、全球政治经济一体化的进程,并未停止传染病行进的脚步,许多旧的和新发的传染病不断涌现,日益成为人类的疾病负担,人为的微生物恐怖主义危险日益增大,直接威胁人类的健康、安全和可持续性发展.