Twinning in bcc metals under shock loading: a challenge to empirical potentials

Using density functional theory (DFT), we found that high pressures intrinsically favor twinning in niobium by reducing the thickness of a stable twin. Five empirical interatomic potentials for niobium were considered in molecular dynamics (MD) shock simulations. The results show that two potentials exhibit the experimentally observed twinning behavior. Comparing with DFT under high pressure, we found that these two potentials are capable of reproducing the generalized stacking fault (GSF) curve, but the others predict several artificial metastable states along the GSF curve resulting in an artificial structural transformation.     

Revisiting the dimensional structure of the emotion domain

Recent research has claimed that a novelty dimension is needed to represent the cognitive emotion structure over and above valence, power and arousal. Novelty emerged when student samples evaluated the meaning of 24 emotion terms on 142 emotion features. This claim is debatable, however, because to date novelty has never been found in similarity sorting studies. It is possible that novelty emerged because sophisticated student samples evaluated emotion terms on emotion features. The current research identified a large, representative set of emotion terms using a free-listing task in a middle childhood up to early adulthood sample (N = 5071). Children, adolescents, students and adults (N = 1184) then evaluated the similarity between these emotion terms using a similarity rating task without priming any emotion feature. Novelty robustly emerged as the fourth dimension. The existence of novelty is thus confirmed with a different method across a wide variety of participants.     

锁定加压钢板联合自体骨治疗非感染性股骨骨不连的疗效观察

观察锁定加压钢板联合植骨对非感染性股骨骨不连的临床疗效.回顾性分析2010年~2012年收治的31例非感染性股骨骨不连患者的临床资料.结果29例愈合,2例未完全愈合,本组愈合时间6个月~14个月,平均愈合时间6.9个月;术后均无感染、下肢成角、缩短畸形等并发症,手术前后髋、膝关节功能评分差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.锁定加压钢板联合自体骨治疗非感染性股骨骨不连可获得牢固连接,并发症少,是临床治疗股骨骨不连的有效方法之一.     

运算动量效应的理论解释及其发展性预测因素

了解运算偏差的形成与发展对探索算数运算系统的内在机制具有重要意义,早期的算数运算能力是儿童理解和进行复杂数学运算的基础。运算动量偏差是指个体在进行基本数学运算时倾向于高估加法运算结果而低估减法运算结果的一种运算偏差,主要包括三种理论解释,即注意转移假说、启发式解释和压缩解释。鉴于运算动量效应在成年群体中相对稳定却在不同发展阶段儿童中存在不一致的证据,数学能力的提高与空间注意的成熟可结合不同的理论解释来阐明儿童发展过程中运算动量效应的变化趋势。未来可以进一步整合多种研究任务以揭示运算动量效应的发展轨迹,考察数量表征系统与运算动量效应间的关联,探究运算动量效应在不同运算符号中的稳定性,探讨不同因素共同作用对运算动量效应的影响,并设计有关数学能力的干预措施以减少运算动量效应这一运算偏差。     

Neutrosophic data formation using Gaussian filter based costas coding for wireless communication systems

Outstanding advantages of OFDM helps high data rate communication systems such as Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) and mobile worldwide interoperability for microwave access (mobile Wi-MAX). But, OFDM system grieves from grave issue of high PAPR. In OFDM system data output is superposition of multiple sub-carriers and leads to big data. In this case some instantaneous power output might increase greatly and become far higher than the mean power of system. In order to make Neutrosophic data for less PAPR criteria, Gaussian filter based Costas coding is proposed. This paper also proposes feeding the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed signal (OFDM) into a phase accumulator to obtain frequency modulation, with the aim of reducing the peak to average power ratio (PAPR). For associated radar with modulated waveform mentioned here can be used to enhance the performance. It is widely used to analyze the variation of the output waveform further, the implementation results using MATLAB show that the ratio of average power to peak power is reducing considerably in comparing with the conventional method. Consequently; the signal can assume to fade in a frequency selective channel without an equalizer.