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自立、自强特征的对比研究 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10
先用包含1个问题的两种开放式问卷对236名被试进行词查,之后又用根据开放式问卷结果编制的封闭式问卷对256名被试进行调查,结果如下:①被试区分出了自立与自强的典型特征;②独立性、责任性和灵活性是被试最强调的自立特征,勇敢与拼搏、坚韧性和才干是被试最强调的自强特征。③心理健康是被试强调的自立者与自强者的共同特征。最后,对自立与自强的关系,自立、自强与自尊、自信的关系,自立者的典型特征,自强者的典型特征等问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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应用DRM范式, 研究单个汉字语音关联对错误记忆的影响。实验一中, 学习阶段呈现的各字表汉字与未呈现的诱饵字具有相同音节。再认测试发现, 被试对诱饵字产生了明显的错误再认。实验二发现, 当各学习字表内的汉字拥有相同声母或相同韵母时, 被试对相应的两种诱饵字也能产生明显的错误再认, 并且其效应与音节相同时基本一样。这些结果说明, 汉字的语音关联可以诱发错误记忆现象, 但其效应并不随语音相似度的增加而增加。研究提示, 错误记忆可以来源于较低层次的基于知觉的加工; 中文语音网络虽然易于激活, 但激活程度有限。 相似文献
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Cognitive models of reading all assume some division of labor among processing pathways in mapping among print, sound and meaning. Many studies of the neural basis of reading have used task manipulations such as rhyme or synonym judgment to tap these processes independently. Here we take advantage of specific properties of the Chinese writing system to test how differential availability of sublexical information about sound and meaning, as well as the orthographic structure of characters, pseudo-characters and “artificial” control stimuli influence brain activation in the context of the same one-back task. Analyses combine a data-driven approach that identifies temporally coherent patterns of activity over the course of the entire experiment with hypothesis-testing based on the correlation of these patterns with predictors for different stimulus classes. The results reveal a large network of task-related activity. Both the extent of this network and activity in regions commonly observed in studies of Chinese reading are apparently related to task difficulty. Other regions, including temporo-parietal cortex, were sensitive to particular sublexical functional units in mapping among print, sound, and meaning. 相似文献
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Political leaders’ debates are an important and highly visible instances of public argumentation. As such, they merit scholarly attention. This essay applies the Functional Theory of Political Campaign Discourse to analyze televised presidential debates from the Ukraine in 2004. Overall, this analysis revealed that acclaims were the most common function, followed by attacks and then defenses. Policy was addressed more often than character in these debates, as expected. The incumbent candidate acclaimed significantly more and attacked less than the challenger. The incumbents used past deeds significantly more often to acclaim – and less to attack – than the challengers. Finally, general goals and ideals were used more as the basis for acclaims than attacks in these debates. Implications of these results are discussed. 相似文献
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在快乐中培养少儿的道德品行是亚里士多德音乐教育思想的道德目标。在审美通感的基础上,通过道德移情进行理性灵魂的德性活动,是音乐教育培养少儿道德品行的心理机制。“执中”为善、积习成德是音乐教育培塑未来道德公民的基本途径。 相似文献
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Juan-José Igartua Magdalena Wojcieszak Nuri Kim 《European journal of social psychology》2019,49(2):385-397
This article assesses the mechanisms whereby first-person narratives featuring stigmatized immigrants improve outgroup attitudes and encourage intergroup contact among prejudiced individuals. We rely on a 2 (imagined contact vs. control) × 2 (similar vs. dissimilar message protagonist) experiment on a systematic sample of native British adults. Results show that encouraging imagined contact prior to reading a short testimonial featuring an immigrant protagonist who is similar to the recipients in terms of social identity enhances identification with the protagonist, thereby improving outgroup attitudes and encouraging intergroup contact, and especially strongly among those who are prejudiced toward immigrants (i.e., high on modern racism). Theoretical and practical implications of the findings for the work on imagined contact, narrative persuasion, and identification, as well as for public communication campaigns, are discussed. 相似文献