Convergent Validity with the BERS-2 Teacher Rating Scale and the Achenbach Teacher’s Report Form: A Replication and Extension

In the present study, we sought to extend instrument validation research for a strength-based emotional and behavior rating scale, the Teacher Rating Scale of the Behavior and Emotional Rating Scale-Second Edition (BERS-2; Epstein, M. H. (2004). Behavioral and emotional rating scale (2nd ed.). Austin, TX: PRO-ED) through the use of convergent validation techniques. The associations between the strength-based domains of the BERS-2 were examined in relation to problem syndrome subscales of the Teacher’s Report Form (TRF; Achenbach, T. M. (1991b). Manual for the teacher’s report form and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry). Both measures were conducted with 58 students with emotional disturbance in grades 2 through 12. The overall convergent validity of the BERS-2 and the TRF was strong, particularly for TRF externalizing problems and associated syndromes. However, less evidence emerged for the convergence of domain subscales characterized by behaviors of an internalizing nature. These results provide further support for the use of the BERS-2 in the assessment of the social and behavioral functioning of students with emotional disturbance.     

Measuring Treatment Outcome for Children with Serious Emotional Disturbances: Discriminant Validity and Clinical Significance of the Child and Adolescent Functioning Assessment Scale

We investigated the use of a popular measure, the Children and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS), in treatment outcome research. The sample included 70 children who had been discharged from an elementary therapeutic classroom (Intensive Mental Health Program). Significant relationships were found between decreases in CAFAS scores and optimal educational placement, contributing to evidence of the scale’s discriminant validity. Clinically significant change in CAFAS scores was also investigated, with a 30 point change in score most accurately discriminating between placements after discharge. Further investigations of real world outcomes versus changes in score on this measure are warranted.     

大学生择业价值取向调查问卷的编制及初步研究

通过对影响大学生职业决策因素的基线调查,编制大学生择业价值取向调查问卷,进而分析影响大学生职业选择的因素及大学生择业观。结果表明(1)影响大学生职业决策的因素依次为工资福利、自我价值的实现、专业及个人兴趣、工作环境、社会需要、工作稳定性、生活环境等;(2)量表具有较高的信度和效度;(3)大学生择业价值观具有社会取向和个人取向两个维度,而且大学生更倾向于个人取向;(4)不同性别大学生择业价值观并不存在显著性差异,但对择业标准的认识上可能不同。     

Threats to Internal Validity in Multiple-Baseline Design Variations

Multiple baseline designs—both concurrent and nonconcurrent—are the predominant experimental design in modern applied behavior analytic research and are increasingly employed in other disciplines. In the past, there was significant controversy regarding the relative rigor of concurrent and nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs. The consensus in recent textbooks and methodological papers is that nonconcurrent designs are less rigorous than concurrent designs because of their presumed limited ability to address the threat of coincidental events (i.e., history). This skepticism of nonconcurrent designs stems from an emphasis on the importance of across-tier comparisons and relatively low importance placed on replicated within-tier comparisons for addressing threats to internal validity and establishing experimental control. In this article, we argue that the primary reliance on across-tier comparisons and the resulting deprecation of nonconcurrent designs are not well-justified. In this article, we first define multiple baseline designs, describe common threats to internal validity, and delineate the two bases for controlling these threats. Second, we briefly summarize historical methodological writing and current textbook treatment of these designs. Third, we explore how concurrent and nonconcurrent multiple baselines address each of the main threats to internal validity. Finally, we make recommendations for more rigorous use, reporting, and evaluation of multiple baseline designs.     

青少年心理韧性量表的编制和效度验证

心理韧性（resilience）是积极心理学的热点课题。虽然国外已有很多测量工具,但在中国群体中的适用性未得到支持。基于心理韧性的过程模型,通过访谈法开发适合我国青少年群体的心理韧性测量工具。通过访谈25名经历过较大负性生活事件而又适应良好的中学生,编制出100个题目,在283名青少年中初测,通过项目鉴别度分析和探索性因素分析,保留了27个题目,包含目标专注、情绪控制、积极认知、家庭支持和人际协助五个因子,α均大于0.7。复测样本包含420名青少年,验证性因素分析支持了量表的结构效度,二阶因素分析发现前3个因子属于个人力,后2个因子属于支持力。以其他心理韧性量表（RS）和中学生生存质量为关联效标,皮尔逊相关分别为0.53和0.49,支持了量表的外部效度。文章最后讨论了我国青少年心理韧性结构的文化意义及量表的应用范围     

医者叙事素养量表的编制及信度效度检验

医者叙事素养将成为评价医疗人才实力的重要指标。然而,目前国内仍缺少以中国叙事医学理论与实践为基础的相关量表。研究以全国三十几家叙事医学基地的实践经验为基础制定量表,展开条目和探索性因子分析、内部一致性检验和验证性因子分析。最终形成的中国医者叙事素养量表由两个分量表组成,其中叙事认知能力量表分为生命健康叙事意识和职业叙事思维2个维度;叙事行为能力量表分为生命健康、家庭连接、职业发展、同行交流、医患互动5个维度,均具良好信效度,可为中国叙事医学研究、教育和实践提供科学有效的评估工具。

     

模拟情境中工作团队成员互动过程的初步研究及其测量

团队已经成为当今许多组织中的主要工作方式。已有文献虽然表明工作团队成员之间的互动对于团队工作绩效有显著的影响,但却缺乏测量团队成员互动的量表。本研究在了解影响团队绩效的互动因素基础上,编制出一个测量工作团队互动过程的量表。该测验将团队互动分为结构和人际两个维度,分别包括五个和四个题目。测验具有很好的信度和效度,符合心理测量学的标准,可用作测量团队互动的工具。     

小学生选择性注意能力发展的研究

本研究采用注意线索范式对小学生视觉选择性注意的发展及其影响因素进行了研究.被试为小学一、三、五年级学生,研究主要考察分心物数量、线索有效性和目标新异性对小学生注意发展的影响.研究结果表明:(1)小学三年级(8~9岁)儿童表现出显著的注意阶段性波动,该结果与国外研究有一定的一致性,也有待于进一步研究证实;(2)小学阶段儿童在相同任务上的选择注意加工速度比成人慢300~1100ms;(3)分心物数量、线索有效性和目标新异性对儿童选择注意发展的影响与成人的结论一致,而且呈现持续发展趋势.     

希望特质量表在中学生群体中的信、效度检验

通过对770名中学生施测,检验Snyder的希望特质量表（TTHS）的信度和效度。结果表明,总量表的重测信度、量表的结构效度和效标效度符合心理测量学要求。ITHS可以作为测量中国中学生希望特质的工具。在中国文化背景下。Snyder提出的希望特质仍然是一种积极的心理品质,希望特质也从某方面代表着中国中学生的心理健康水平。