The Impact of Exercise on Hormones Is Related to Autonomic Reactivity to a Mental Task

This study examined the effects of an acute physical stressor on salivary testosterone (Tsal) and cortisol (Csal) and their relationship with the autonomic responsiveness to a mental task in fit young men (n = 30). Salivary testosterone (Tsal) and cortisol (Csal) levels were determined before and after a maximal bicycle exercise. Heart rate (HR) and skin conductance levels (SCL) were continuously recorded before, during, and after a Stroop task. Tsal and Csal levels diminished while HR and SCL increased in response to stressors in all the sample. When subjects were distributed in function of their endocrine response to the physical stressor, high Tsal responders showed higher HR reactivity than low responders, and high Csal responders showed higher SCL reactivity and lower reaction time in the Stroop task. These results show that the influence of an acute physical stressor on hormones is associated with the autonomic responses to a mental task.     

Evaluating the Etiology of Anxiety Sensitivity: Relation to Cardiovascular Perception and Reactivity

A large body of research has suggested that anxiety sensitivity (AS) acts as a specific vulnerability factor in the development of anxiety pathology. More recently, attention has turned to the etiology of AS per se. The present study tested several related etiological hypotheses derived from Expectancy theory. S. Reiss and R. J. McNally (1985) originally proposed that greater physiological reactivity would increase risk for developing heightened AS. Reactive individuals are believed to have greater opportunity to perceive unpleasant bodily perturbations, thereby increasing the likelihood that concerns and fears could be attached to the sensations. Nonclinical participants (N = 86) completed physical (e.g., orthostatic) and biological (e.g., 35% CO₂) challenges and a heart beat perception task. AS was not related to heart beat perception but was related to greater tonic heart rate and greater diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity to both the challenges. Higher DBP and higher heart beat accuracy interacted to predict higher AS.     

目标定向在自我调节学习中的作用

该研究主要探讨了目标定向与认知策略、失败应对方式之间的关系,以及三者与学业成绩之间的关系,在此基础上对目标定向在自我调节学习中的作用提出了假设：目标定向是自我调节学习的始动机制,它影响着个体在学习中所采用的认知策略,以及在学业失败后所选择的应对方式,而认知策略和失败应对方式则直接对学习效果产生影响。     

Healing the wounds of our fathers: intergenerational trauma, memory, symbolization and narrative

This paper explores the history of psychoanalytical approaches to intergenerational trauma, both from the Freudian and from the Jungian schools, and addresses the need when we speak of intergenerational or transmitted trauma to better define the nature and the different categories of trauma with particular reference to extreme and cumulative traumas such as those experienced by the survivors of the Nazi death camps and the Russian gulags. Therapy with survivors and with their children requires a particular adaptation of analytical technique as what is at stake is not so much the analysis of the here and now of the transference and countertransference dynamics which indeed can in the early stages be counterproductive, but the capacity of the analyst to accept the reality of the trauma with all its devastating and mind-shattering emotions without losing the capacity to imagine and to play metaphorically with images, essential if the patient is to be able to create a space for representation.     

先天性心脏病新技术——介入导管术

近20年间,伴随着科学技术的发展以及医疗水平的提高,介入导管术治疗先天性心脏病逐渐成为主要选择。该项技术微创、疗效好、安全、并发症少、住院时间短,深受患者青旺火。本文讨论该项技术的主要适应范围以及今后的发展趋势,同时指出医疗技术的创新必须遵守的哲学性原则。     

丙种球蛋白治疗成人重症心肌炎的临床观察

观察丙种球蛋白对成人重症心肌炎的治疗效果及对预后的影响。回顾性分析该院自2009年1月至2010年10月治疗的成人急性重症心肌炎33例,分为丙种球蛋白组（丙球组）及常规治疗组（对照组）。丙种球蛋白组给予患者丙球2g／kg,2天～3天内静脉滴入,同时给予常规治疗;对照组患者给予常规治疗。结果治疗后丙球组优于对照组（P〈0...     

从库恩历史主义看心力衰竭发病机制的研究历程

本文从古希腊Hippocrates的描述作为回顾起点,阐述对心衰发病机制认识过程的六次演变;分析其中的学术背景、重要事件和人物的历史贡献,并从库恩历史主义视角进行深入的哲学思考,有助于总结蕴涵在这一历史进程的经验和规律,有利于培养科学方法论、启迪和开拓科研思路。     

"《易》之微言,莫要于'艮止'"——黄绾"艮止"易学研究

黄绾一生为学三变,早年宗承程朱,后归王学,晚年自揭"艮止"之学.在易学上,黄绾以"圣人之学、忧患之枢"释<易>,认为<易>之微青,莫要于‘艮止'",目"艮止"为"体用俱全"之"存心之法",以"艮止"为"圣门开示切要之诀"的"圣圣相承"之道统本旨,终则以"收拾精神、归缩在腔子内"为"艮止"之修养工夫.其为学注重"经理世务",反对陷入"空疏支离"的宋明诸儒及王学末流,成为王学中具有自觉和批判精神的"异端".     

High arousal and low arousal work-related positive affects and basal cardiovascular activity

Basal cardiovascular activity may be modulated by positive affect activation levels. In the current study, it was hypothesized that work-related high arousal positive affect (HAPA) will have a U-shaped association with basal cardiovascular activity and low or un-aroused positive affect (LAPA) will be negatively associated with basal cardiovascular activity. Participants were 1807, apparently, healthy adults. HAPA and LAPA were assessed with the Job-related Affective Well-being Scale. Outcome measures were resting heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels. Results for HAPA supported the hypothesized relationships, such that HR and SBP were lower when HAPA was at moderate levels, but higher when HAPA was at high or low levels. LAPA was negatively associated with SBP and DBP. Our findings suggest that HAPA and LAPA have differential consequences regarding cardiovascular function.