晚清广东学者的经学研究探析

梁启超曾将清代学术的演变分为四个阶段,而将康有为和他本人归入第三期。然而广东学术的发展并不符合这一轨迹。广东学术在道光以前,宋学占主导地位;随着学海堂的创建,汉学成为广东显学,并成为晚清中国经学研究的重镇。道光以前,广东虽治经学的不乏其人,但以《四书》为主,兼及《五经》。学海堂创建后,广东学者以《十三经》为其治经范围,且颇具乾嘉遗风。学海堂创建后,在晚清广东学坛上出现了东塾学派和九江学派．两者既有共同点,也有不同点。九江学派后来又分化出康有为一系和简朝亮一系。康有为走向今文经学,简朝亮则与朱次琦的治学精神一脉相承。     

Inglehart‐Welzel's Traditional vs. Rational index revisited: A comparison between China and the West

Inglehart‐Welzel's ‘Traditional‐Rational’ Index has been widely accepted as a way to summarize changes in values between agricultural and industrial societies. An empirical re‐examination of the Index using the most recent World Values Survey data, however, suggests that it fails to represent the value profiles of mainland Chinese. I introduce a five‐item measurement called ‘Confucian Index of interpersonal relations’. It aims to capture some salient values in Chinese culture and show that, in China, Confucian values that govern interpersonal relations within one's immediate social environment are not in conflict with support for democratic government and social liberal values, such as tolerance and trust. The opposite is very much true in the rich West, where those who endorse ‘Confucian’ values are less tolerant of social diversity and where Inglehart's Index does make a lot of sense.     

CONFUCIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS,CLIMATE ENGINEERING,AND THE “PLAYING GOD” ARGUMENT

The burgeoning literature on the ethical issues raised by climate engineering has explored various normative questions associated with the research and deployment of climate engineering, and has examined a number of responses to them. While researchers have noted the ethical issues from climate engineering are global in nature, much of the discussion proceeds predominately with ethical framework in the Anglo‐American and European traditions, which presume particular normative standpoints and understandings of human–nature relationship. The current discussion on the ethical issues, therefore, is far from being a genuine global dialogue. The aim of this article is to address the lack of intercultural exchange by exploring the ethics of climate engineering from a perspective of Confucian environmental ethics. Drawing from the existing discussion on Confucian environmental ethics and Confucian ethics of technology, I discuss what Confucian ethics can contribute to the ethical debate on climate engineering.     

辅助生殖技术的现代性反思——基于传统儒家文化的视角

在现代性语境中,对辅助生殖技术引发的医学现代性危机进行反思无疑具有重要意义.从本质上而言,辅助生殖技术所产生的一系列问题与挑战,深刻地反映出人与自然、人与人、人与社会之间内在的冲突与矛盾.基于传统儒家文化的视角,寻求现代生命技术与传统儒家文化之间相互冲突、交汇、融合、嵌入的对接点,并有针对性地提出应战机制,从而进一步探讨现代性与传统之间的绵延不断的相互作用,深入挖掘传统中蕴含的现代性因素,现代性中间的传统,以更为开放包容的心灵,重视传统与现代性的结合,让科技为人类造福.     

Playing Prosocial Video Games Increases the Accessibility of Prosocial Thoughts

ABSTRACT

Past research has provided abundant evidence that playing violent video games increases aggressive tendencies. In contrast, evidence on possible positive effects of video game exposure on prosocial tendencies has been relatively sparse. The present research tested and found support for the hypothesis that exposure to prosocial video games increases the accessibility of prosocial thoughts. These results provide support to the predictive validity of the General Learning Model (Buckley & Anderson, 2006 Buckley, K. E. and Anderson, C. A. 2006. “A theoretical model of the effects and consequences of playing video games”. In Playing video games: Motives, responses, and consequences, Edited by: Vorderer, P. and Bryant, J. 363–378. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.  [Google Scholar]) for the effects of exposure to prosocial media on social tendencies. Thus, depending on the content of the video game, playing video games can harm but may also benefit social relations.     

Unsuccessful suppression is associated with increased neuroticism,intrusive thoughts,and rumination

Studies of thought suppression, the reduction in accessibility for intentionally unrehearsed and actively avoided thoughts, vary dramatically in the level of suppression reported. The purpose of our research was to explore individual differences associated with self-reports of the success, failure, or avoidance of thought suppression in everyday life. Participants completed a survey measuring intrusive thoughts, neuroticism, rumination, and autobiographical knowledge of suppression tendencies and capabilities. Individuals who reported successful suppression were less neurotic, ruminative, and experienced less thought intrusion than individuals who reported unsuccessful suppression attempts. Our findings suggest that the high-ends of the neuroticism and intrusive thought spectrums are occupied by individuals who unsuccessfully attempt to suppress undesirable information, while successful suppressors differ minimally from non-suppressors.     

胆道外科手术决策的疑惑与思考

随着人民生活水平的提高和卫生条件的改善,胆道疾病的发生率明显提高,由此在手术决策中出现了越来越多困扰广大胆道外科医生的问题。本文试用哲学思想加以剖析,意在探讨胆道手术决策的问题,以期提高手术效果。     

Psychometric properties and factor analyses of the achievement motivation measure

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to develop a theoretically-driven instrument of achievement motivation and determine its validation. The Achievement Motivation Measure (AMM) is closely aligned with Atkinson and McClelland's (1948, 1953, 1961) theoretical constructs of achievement thoughts and behaviours. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis (CFA and EFA) methods evaluated the structural validity of a newly developed instrument, the AMM, by assessing achievement thoughts and behaviours. Participants included 632 graduate and undergraduate university students. EFA supported two factors (Achievement Thoughts and Achievement Behaviours) with 13 items. Findings of a CFA supported the modified two-factor model as fitting the data. The theoretically supported AMM effectively measured achievement motivation by assessing achievement thoughts and behaviours.     

从《战国策》看战国时期社会风气与思想倾向

《战国策》中的思想极其复杂，被称作“畔经离道之书”。《战国策》暴露出人类最原始、最本能的一面——追求物质利益的最大化。仁义廉耻等儒家通常所谓的美德，跟很多战国策士的价值观格格不入。但是，也正是在这样宽松自由的时代背景下，人们的思想与意识由百家争鸣渐渐向儒家的标准合拢，价值观由多元化向一元化靠拢。儒家的价值观正在悄然地受到尊重。汉代“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”有着一定的社会背景和思想意识基础。     

儒道禅文化的自我觉解与心理和谐修养

心理和谐是社会和谐的基本要素之一,而不同层次的自我意识间的和谐又是心理和谐的核心。通过对当代中国人心理现状的分析,发现在自我意识的层次中缺乏高层精神性自我对各层自我的整合,是影响个体心理和谐因素中最根本的。儒道禅文化对宇宙自我的觉解及其对各层自我的关照,对增进当代中国人心理和谐具有极大理论意义和可操作性价值。