Intuition and Philosophical Methodology

Intuition serves a variety of roles in contemporary philosophy. This paper provides a historical discussion of the revival of intuition in the 1970s, untangling some of the ways that intuition has been used and offering some suggestions concerning its proper place in philosophical investigation. Contrary to some interpretations of the results of experimental philosophy, it is argued that generalized skepticism with respect to intuition is unwarranted. Intuition can continue to play an important role as part of a methodologically conservative stance towards philosophical investigation. I argue that methodological conservatism should be sharply distinguished from the process of evaluating individual propositions. Nevertheless, intuition is not always a reliable guide to truth and experimental philosophy can serve a vital ameliorative role in determining the scope and limits of our intuitive competence with respect to various areas of inquiry.

Philosophy: What is to be done?––Bleak prospects

Culturally, America is well overdue for a Second Enlightenment, but since the dominant majority of its citizens are regrettably both symbol-minded and star-craving mad, and since the mass media are generally inaccessible to us, the chance that contemporary philosophers could contribute to such a thing, much less help instigate it, is near vanishingly small. As educators, in contrast, we can perhaps make ourselves useful by beginning to clear the extensive muck out of at least some of our students’ minds. In any event, the discipline of philosophy as such is in serious need of renewal, but that, should it unexpectedly happen, will be matter of luck rather than a result of deliberate action.     

哲人与政治:从孔子与《论语》中四类人的关系看孔子的政治哲学

哲人的多种面相是其政治哲学之所以复杂的深层原因,该文以孔子与《论语》中四类人的关系为线索,通过分析孔子对四类人的看法以及自己与他们的关系定位,旨在呈现孔子在其中所表现出来的多重面相,并由此进而把握孔子式哲人与政治的关系。     

头颈部鳞状细胞癌治疗方法选择中的理性分析

近年来肿瘤生物治疗已经发展成为继手术、放疗和化疗之后的第四种治疗方法,并且已被逐步应用于头颈部鳞状细胞癌的治疗中。因此,如何选择合适的治疗方法、制定最佳治疗方案成为临床工作的重点。通过辩证性、系统性分析,可以认为优化组合的综合治疗有望成为头颈部鳞状细胞癌的主导治疗方法。     

建立鼻腔结构与功能自适应生物力学模型在鼻科疾病中的作用

鼻腔结构在与鼻腔物理力学环境发生交互关系时,能够根据周围环境调整自身结构和形状,即所谓鼻腔结构与功能自适应性.鼻腔结构与功能自适应生物力学模型模拟鼻腔结构异常产生功能障碍所继发的上呼吸道疾病发生发展过程,为鼻科某些常见病的发生发展过程进行量化分析,为鼻内窥镜手术在恢复重建鼻腔结构功能方面临床决策提供依据.     

牙周病诊治思维刍议

深入认识牙周病的实质,运用辩证思维方法分析牙周病的易感因素及内部联系,探讨牙周病与全身疾病和健康之间的规律性联系,有利于全面把握牙周病的临床预防和治疗,并对牙周医学的发展产生积极的影响。     

第五讲灵敏度分析在临床决策中的应用

通常情况下,在临床上由于病人病情的复杂性,医生在处理病人时要承受一定的风险,此时医生所做出的决策就是风险性型决策.风险型决策之所以有风险,是因为决策所依据的主要参数中,存在不确定性(即概率性)的参数,如果这些参数发生一点变化,或估计时不够准确,有一点出入又会产生怎样的结果呢?这时决策方案还如以前一样稳定吗?因此,应该对决策方案的稳定性进行分析和估计.这时所作的分析和估计就是灵敏度分析.     

Introduction

The place of philosophy in Iranian society is prominent. Philosophy is discussed in popular media as well as specialized journals, and in seminaries, research centers, and universities. Philosophy in Iran is often divided into Western and Islamic. Sometimes these are taken to be rivals. The methods of instruction differ to some extent, as well as the languages needed for advanced study. The question of the nature of Islamic philosophy is itself a controversial topic in Iran, and positions on this issue are often driven by ideological trends. The study of philosophy in the Islamic seminaries has its own history. Today Islamic philosophy may be considered a philosophical tradition that is being carried on with increasing interaction with the study of Western philosophy in Iran.

Soames on Quine and Davidson

A discussion of Quine and Davidson, as interpreted and criticized in Scott Soames’ Philosophical Analysis in the Twentieth Century, Volume II.     

关于克里普克模态性的一个自然主义解释

The Kripkean metaphysical modality (i.e. possibility and necessity) is one of the most important concepts in contemporary analytic philosophy and is the basis of many metaphysical speculations. These metaphysical speculations frequently commit to entities that do not belong to this physical universe, such as merely possible entities, abstract entities, mental entities or qualities not realizable by the physical, which seems to contradict naturalism or physicalism. This paper proposes a naturalistic interpretation of the Kripkean modality, as a naturalist’s response to these metaphysical speculations. It will show that naturalism can accommodate the Kripkean metaphysical modality. In particular, it will show that naturalism can help to resolve the puzzles surrounding Kripke’s a posteriori necessary propositions and a priori contingent propositions. __________ Translated from Zhexue yanjiu 哲学研究 (Philosophical Researches), 2008, (1): 18–26