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41.
Vladimir Ponizovskiy Regina Arant Mandi Larsen Klaus Boehnke 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2020,30(5):530-546
This article aims to explicate the role of social cohesion in the relationship between adherence to common values and life satisfaction. Shared values are often assumed to be a constitutive element of social cohesion and are used in measurement of the concept. However, sociopsychological theory of values sees social cohesion rather as a moderator of the link between value congruence and life satisfaction, not as a constituent of value congruence. Based on a representative survey of the city of Bremen, Germany (N = 2605), we predict life satisfaction from person‐group value congruence and neighbourhood social cohesion. We find no relationship between value congruence and social cohesion, but a significant positive moderating effect of social cohesion on the relationship between value congruence and life satisfaction. The findings suggest that sticking to common values does not increase social cohesion, but that positive effects of value congruence are more pronounced in high‐cohesion neighbourhoods. 相似文献
42.
低头行为指的是线下社会互动时个体因使用手机而冷落社交对象的行为。目前关于低头行为研究最多的是伴侣低头行为。文章在剖析伴侣低头行为内涵之外,分析了伴侣低头行为带来的影响,并从期望违背理论、社会交换理论和相互依赖理论三个视角阐释伴侣低头行为发生的理论机制。总体上,基于现有研究我们认为未来可以从深化作用机制和探索跨关系研究(亲密关系—亲子关系)两个方面进行伴侣低头行为对亲密关系的研究。 相似文献
43.
为考察网络社交媒体使用对青少年生活满意度的影响及其内在心理机制—自我同一性状态的中介作用,采用问卷法对2634名青少年进行调查。结果表明:(1)网络社交媒体使用无法直接预测青少年生活满意度,但可以通过自我同一性状态这一中介变量产生间接影响;(2)网络社交媒体使用对青少年心理发展呈现双重作用,既能通过加强成就型自我同一性状态提高生活满意度,也可以通过增强弥散型自我同一性状态进而削弱青少年生活满意度。 相似文献
44.
45.
All languages rely to some extent on word order to signal relational information. Why? We address this question by exploring communicative and cognitive factors that could lead to a reliance on word order. In Study 1, adults were asked to describe scenes to another using their hands and not their mouths. The question was whether this home-made "language" would contain gesture sentences with consistent order. In addition, we asked whether reliance on order would be influenced by three communicative factors (whether the communication partner is permitted to give feedback; whether the information to be communicated is present in the context that recipient and gesturer share; whether the gesturer assumes the role of gesture receiver as well as gesture producer). We found that, not only was consistent ordering of semantic elements robust across the range of communication situations, but the same non-English order appeared in all contexts. Study 2 explored whether this non-English order is found only when a person attempts to share information with another. Adults were asked to reconstruct scenes in a non-communicative context using pictures drawn on transparencies. The adults picked up the pictures for their reconstructions in a consistent order, and that order was the same non-English order found in Study 1. Finding consistent ordering patterns in a non-communicative context suggests that word order is not driven solely by the demands of communicating information to another, but may reflect a more general property of human thought. 相似文献
46.
Boris B. Baltes Cara C. Bauer Linda M. Bajdo Christopher P. Parker 《Journal of business and psychology》2002,17(1):3-17
Previous monomethod research has found mixed support for nonlinear effects between certain job characteristics (e.g., job autonomy, job complexity) and outcome variables (e.g., job performance). We hypothesized that these weak nonlinear findings may be due to the prevalence of monomethod research that can lead to a lack of complete measurement and/or introduce common methods variance, either of which may mask the true shape of relationships. Using hierarchical regression analyses and a multitrait–multimethod (MTMM) research design, we found strikingly different results between monomethod and MTMM data when considering the relationships between three psychological climate variables and job satisfaction. While the monomethod results mirrored earlier inconclusive findings, the MTMM data indicated that nonlinear equations explained significantly more of the relationship between all three climate dimensions and job satisfaction. These results suggest that the use of MTMM data allows one to more effectively test for nonlinear effects. Furthermore, these nonlinear results suggest that the format of employee questionnaires should probably change from asking how much an employee has of certain constructs to asking does the employee want more or less of these constructs. 相似文献
47.
Sarah?KnoxEmail author Stephen?G.?Virginia Jessica?Thull John?P.?Lombardo 《Pastoral Psychology》2005,54(2):139-155
A nationally selected, random sample of Roman Catholic secular (i.e., diocesan) priests was examined using the Center for
Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale and an instrument developed for this study to assess contributors to priests' vocational
satisfaction. In addition, a self-report inventory gathered information regarding participants' demographics as well as four
categories of predictor variables (i.e., overall level of vocational satisfaction, social support, spiritual activities, physical
environment). The study yielded a response rate of 45%. Secular clergy reported rates of depression approximately seven times
greater than are found in the general population, and also indicated that the recent sexual abuse scandal in the Roman Catholic
church had negatively affected their mood. Priests' engagement in sacramental activities contributed greatly to their vocational
satisfaction, and low levels of vocational satisfaction were found to be most predictive of depression. Factors comprising
priests' vocational satisfaction were External Manifestations (e.g., preaching, teaching), Internal Manifestations (e.g.,
prayer life, affirmation of God's call), and Social Manifestations (e.g., relationships with parishioners, appreciation from
others). 相似文献
48.
The aim of this study is to understand adolescent players' satisfaction as a function of parenting styles, players' achievement strategies, and their norm breaking behavior. Finnish 14- and 16-year-old ice-hockey players (n=1018) completed a questionnaire measuring their achievement strategies (SAQ; Nurmi, Salmela--Aro & Haavisto, 1995 b), as well as scales of norm breaking and satisfaction, prepared for the present study. The parents (n=979) filled in scales measuring their parenting styles (CRPR; Pulkkinen, 1996) and attitudes towards norm breaking. Results revealed that players from authoritative families who showed a high level of mastery-orientation expressed high satisfaction in playing ice hockey. Results also showed negative associations between authoritative parenting and both task irrelevant and norm breaking behavior. Parents with parental stress and those with authoritarian parenting styles showed positive attitudes to norm breaking behavior, and players from authoritarian and parental stress homes showed norm breaking behavior in ice hockey. There was no association between norm breaking behavior and player satisfaction. Our results contribute to the planning of a coaching system that serves more educational and developmental purposes, and that encourages the desire to play ice hockey as a hobby. 相似文献
49.
This study investigated the relationships among mindfulness, marital satisfaction, and perceived spousal similarity. All 95
subjects responded to a questionnaire measuring each of these variables, and an additional series of demographic variables.
A significant positive relationship was found between mindfulness and marital satisfaction, with no statistically significant
relationship found between perceived spousal similarity and marital satisfaction. There was a stronger correlation between
mindfulness and marital satisfaction than the correlation between marital satisfaction and any of the other variables, including
similarity. These results carry meaningful implications for the role of mindfulness techniques within the context of building
and maintaining happy marital relationships and general well-being. 相似文献
50.
Russell JL Braccini S Buehler N Kachin MJ Schapiro SJ Hopkins WD 《Animal cognition》2005,8(4):263-272
Studies of great apes have revealed that they use manual gestures and other signals to communicate about distal objects. There is also evidence that chimpanzees modify the types of communicative signals they use depending on the attentional state of a human communicative partner. The majority of previous studies have involved chimpanzees requesting food items from a human experimenter. Here, these same communicative behaviors are reported in chimpanzees requesting a tool from a human observer. In this study, captive chimpanzees were found to gesture, vocalize, and display more often when the experimenter had a tool than when she did not. It was also found that chimpanzees responded differentially based on the attentional state of a human experimenter, and when given the wrong tool persisted in their communicative efforts. Implications for the referential and intentional nature of chimpanzee communicative signaling are discussed. 相似文献