排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Nick Hopkins Stephen D. Reicher Sammyh S. Khan Shruti Tewari Narayanan Srinivasan Clifford Stevenson 《Cognition & emotion》2016,30(1):20-32
We investigated the intensely positive emotional experiences arising from participation in a large-scale collective event. We predicted such experiences arise when those attending a collective event are (1) able to enact their valued collective identity and (2) experience close relations with other participants. In turn, we predicted both of these to be more likely when participants perceived crowd members to share a common collective identity. We investigated these predictions in a survey of pilgrims (N = 416) attending a month-long Hindu pilgrimage festival in north India. We found participants' perceptions of a shared identity amongst crowd members had an indirect effect on their positive experience at the event through (1) increasing participants' sense that they were able to enact their collective identity and (2) increasing the sense of intimacy with other crowd members. We discuss the implications of these data for how crowd emotion should be conceptualised. 相似文献
102.
Brandon J. Griffin Jaclyn M. Moloney Jeffrey D. Green Everett L. Worthington Jr. Brianne Cork June P. Tangney 《Self and identity》2016,15(6):650-661
We describe a model in which guilt and shame associate with reactions to wrongdoing among perpetrators of interpersonal harm. Individuals who reported wronging another person (N = 410) completed measures of perceived transgression severity, guilt and shame, and possible reactions to perpetration of wrongdoing (i.e., forgiving, punishing, and excusing oneself). Guilt positively predicted forgiving and punishing oneself, and negatively predicted excusing oneself of blame. Shame, in contrast, negatively predicted forgiving oneself and positively predicted punishing and excusing oneself. The observed patterns of associations between guilt and shame with perpetrators’ reactions to wrongdoing provide further support for the dual-process model of self-forgiveness. Implications for future basic and applied investigations are discussed. 相似文献
103.
Takuma Takehara Fumio Ochiai Naoto Suzuki 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2016,69(8):1508-1529
Various models have been proposed to increase understanding of the cognitive basis of facial emotions. Despite those efforts, interactions between facial emotions have received minimal attention. If collective behaviours relating to each facial emotion in the comprehensive cognitive system could be assumed, specific facial emotion relationship patterns might emerge. In this study, we demonstrate that the frameworks of complex networks can effectively capture those patterns. We generate 81 facial emotion images (6 prototypes and 75 morphs) and then ask participants to rate degrees of similarity in 3240 facial emotion pairs in a paired comparison task. A facial emotion network constructed on the basis of similarity clearly forms a small-world network, which features an extremely short average network distance and close connectivity. Further, even if two facial emotions have opposing valences, they are connected within only two steps. In addition, we show that intermediary morphs are crucial for maintaining full network integration, whereas prototypes are not at all important. These results suggest the existence of collective behaviours in the cognitive systems of facial emotions and also describe why people can efficiently recognize facial emotions in terms of information transmission and propagation. For comparison, we construct three simulated networks—one based on the categorical model, one based on the dimensional model, and one random network. The results reveal that small-world connectivity in facial emotion networks is apparently different from those networks, suggesting that a small-world network is the most suitable model for capturing the cognitive basis of facial emotions. 相似文献
104.
The present work explores the implications of respect for social change. Social change can be achieved via improved attitudes between minority and majority groups (i.e., social cohesion) or via action taken by minority groups (i.e., collective action). Recent work suggests that the social cohesion route to social change, in particular an emphasis on commonality, may be incompatible with the collective action route to social change. We suggest that social-cohesion strategies rooted in status-based respect may allow for social cohesion and collective action. We experimentally investigated the relative effects of a majority group communicating status-based respect and commonality, as compared to a control, on minority group members’ social cohesion with the majority group and willingness to engage in collective action. Status-based respect increased positive attitudes toward a majority group, relative to commonality and control, but was also associated with increased collective action tendencies. Implications for social change are discussed. 相似文献
105.
Cynthia Freeland 《Philosophical Studies》2007,135(1):95-109
In this paper, we offer an analysis of ‘group intentions.’ On our proposal, group intentions should be understood as a state
of equilibrium among the beliefs of the members of a group. Although the discussion in this paper is non-technical, the equilibrium
concept is drawn from the formal theory of interactive epistemology due to Robert Aumann. The goal of this paper is to provide
an analysis of group intentions that is informed by important work in economics and formal epistemology. 相似文献
106.
Jo-Ann L. Donatelli Jane A. Bybee Stephen L. Buka 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(6):859-875
We found mothers’ history of depression and symptoms of depression among their adolescent children were both associated with
the type of events that mothers made adolescents feel guilty about and with the mothers’ reactions to those events. Adolescents
(20 male, 23 female) described incidents in which their mothers made them feel guilty and what happened afterward. Offspring
of mothers with (versus without) a history of depression more often reported guilt when not at fault and over failing to meet
maternal needs; reactions did not resolve matters and involved unregulated maternal emotions. Adolescents of mothers without
a depression history more often felt guilty about specific events (e.g., breaking rules, bad grades) and reactions resulted
in closure (through discipline, apologies, or forgiveness). Adolescents’ depressive symptoms were more severe when incidents
were unresolved and involved maternal emotions and less severe when incidents were specific. In addition, maternal use of
self-serving forms of guilt induction related to adolescent and parent depression. 相似文献
107.
Rein Nauta 《Pastoral Psychology》2009,58(1):65-71
In discussing the murder of Abel by his brother Cain the dynamics of shame and guilt are explored. An analysis of the psychological
drama, more than the brutal fact itself, may help to understand the consequences of negation and love for the contemporary
occurrences of family violence. In exploring the separate positions of Cain and Abel the differential effects and consequences
of jealousy and envy are analyzed as well. 相似文献
108.
Michael J. Zyphur Jayanth Narayanan Gerald Koh David Koh 《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》2009,110(2):70-79
The study of the biological underpinnings of behavior is in its nascent stages in the field of management. We study how the hormone testosterone (T) is related to status and collective efficacy in a group. We assessed salivary testosterone of 579 individuals in 92 teams. We find that T does not predict status within the group. We also tested the effects of a mismatch between T and status in the group on the collective efficacy of the group. Using a novel slope-as-predictor multilevel structural equation model, we find that the greater the mismatch between T and status in the group (i.e., the more negative the within-group correlation among T and status), the lower is the collective efficacy of the group. We discuss the implications of our findings for the study of the biological underpinnings of group behavior in organizations. 相似文献
109.
110.
We examine the consequences of threat to the ingroup for emotional reactions to ingroup harm doing. It was hypothesized that reminders of a past threat to the ingroup would induce collective angst, and this emotional reaction would increase forgiveness of the ingroup for its harmful actions toward another group. In Experiment 1, Americans read an article about the war in Iraq that implied Americans would soon experience another attack or one where such implied future threat to the ingroup was absent. When the ingroup's future was threatened, forgiveness for the harm Americans have committed in Iraq was increased, to the extent that collective angst was induced. In Experiment 2, Americans experienced more collective angst and were more willing to forgive their ingroup for their group's present harm doing in Iraq following reminders of either the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, or the 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor compared to when the victimization reminder was irrelevant to the ingroup. We discuss why ingroup threat encourages ingroup forgiveness for current harm doing. 相似文献