预期追寻与社会进步关系的当代分析

该文在积极利用当代预期研究成果的基础上,以哲学的视角对预期概念的基本内容与基本特点做出了重新反思。同时,还重新阐释了恩格斯历史唯物主义观点中有关预期论述,并在这种新的阐释下,从预期追寻对于社会进步的重要性、影响力以及作用的有限性等三个方面,对预期追寻与社会进步之间的内在联系进行了有针对性的当代分析。     

Towards emergent ethical action and the culture of engineering

With the advent of the newest technologies, it is necessary for engineering to incorporate the integration of social responsibility and technical integrity. A possible approach to accomplishing this integration is by expanding the culture of the engineering profession so that it is more congruent with the complex nature of the technologies that are now being developed. Furthermore, in order to achieve this expansion, a shift in thinking is required from a linear or reductionist paradigm (atomistic, deterministic and dualistic) to a nonlinear paradigm (holistic, chaotic and subjective). Three aspects of such a nonlinear paradigm (holism, transparency and responsiveness) enable an engineer to shift from “applying ethics” to “being ethical”. This culture change can be a basis for developing new curricula to satisfy the ABET-2000 requirements as well as for the practice of engineering in the 21^st Century. David Norris, Ph.D., specializes in organizational and institutional culture change. Gloria Hauser-Kastenberg, J.D., teaches at UC Berkeley and is also an attorney.     

Open society fosters satisfaction: explanation to why individualism associates with country level measures of satisfaction

ABSTRACT

Although the association between individualism and satisfaction in societies is well documented, the precise mechanism linking these two remained understudied so far. Here we coin and describe the specific facet of individualism responsible for the above association–the ‘open society’. Open societies foster four others-benefitting attitudes: tolerance, trust, civic engagement, and minimization of materialistic pressure. In the others-benefitting qualities of these four attitudes, this paper finds the mechanism promoting life satisfaction of societies. Further, when open society attitudes are controlled for, the most common facet of individualism (quantified by Hofstede) turns out to be a negative predictor of satisfaction in societies. At the individual level of analysis, the relation of endorsement of four open society attitudes with individual life satisfaction is almost absent. Thus, open society promotes the satisfaction of communities in a eusocial way only.     

Missional Congregations as Public Companions with God in Global Civil Society: Vocational Imagination and Spiritual Presence

This article explores the intersection of missional ecclesiology and civil society studies and proposes that the Holy Spirit is calling emerging missional congregations to the vocation of public companions with God in global civil society. This congregational vocation of public companion entails four dimensions of missional congregations’ spiritual presence within civil society: perichoretic communion, prophetic speech, sapiential wisdom, and pacific action.     

道德:是在压抑人性,还是在提升人性

当前社会上出现一股思潮,认为道德的约束使人性中很多自然、正常的东西得不到应有的释放与满足,道德压抑了人性,导致了人性的扭曲,严重地影响了人们的身心健康。认为应当将人们从道德的种种束缚中解放出来,打倒一切违背人性、压抑人性、摧残人性的东西。本文通过对人性本质的揭示认为:道德本然的定位并不是要压抑人性,恰恰相反,道德自始至终都是立足于提升和完善人性。在人类历史上,道德的确有走向人性的反面的情况,而这不过是由于我们将道德绝对化、制度化和虚无化后所致。     

关怀医生:论医学人文关怀的全面性

长期以来,理论界反复深入地研究了以患者为对象的医学人文关怀,但缺少对于以医生作为人文关怀对象的研究。现实中,随着患者对于医生角色期许的不断提高,医生的职业环境愈发艰难,从满足基本人性需求与理顺医患关系等多个维度分析,对医生进行适当的人文关怀是具有重要现实意义的,也是实现患者人文权利的前提。这种关怀的实现需要更为明确并得到切实履行的政府责任、宽容型社会的建立以及医生个人技术水平与医德素养的提高作为共同的推力,以此实现\"医乃仁术\"的医学人文理想。     

单纯胰腺移植是治疗1型糖尿病的最终选择吗

单纯胰腺移植作为一种治疗尚未出现严重并发症的1型糖尿病的方法尚未在临床上普及,目前它还面临着众多的制约因素,导致其发展非常缓慢,就临床单纯胰腺移植的现状、存在的问题以及相关思考进行阐述.     

老龄化社会对老年人社会关怀对策的研究--对北京市老年人社会关怀调查的报告

我国进入老龄化社会的现实已经得到了全社会的广泛认同,但是社会缺乏必要的准备与对策;观念陈旧、重视不够、政策缺失、机构不足是当前急需解决的主要问题,应当引起全社会的极大关注,要集中力量,加强对策的研究与对策的实施,应对老龄化社会的挑战.     

社会发展过程中城市老年人心理适应的柏林智慧范式研究

基于智慧显义理论,对社会发展过程中我国城市老年人的心理适应进行柏林智慧范式研究。在对上海市社区老年人(n=247)进行社会发展相关典型现实生活问题的随机抽样调查的基础上,遴选三种问题情境,通过结构性晤谈采集老年人(n=65)应对这些问题的认知-行为反应,对晤谈记录进行五个维度的评价,并且考察评价结果与生活满意度的关系。研究结果表明,受访老年人中多数表现出中度的心理适应水平,心理适应较好者具有较高的生活满意度。本研究采用的测评方式具有符合心理测量学要求的信度和效度。本研究对于生活在现代社会的城市老年人的成功老龄化心理适应辅导工作具有重要的指导意义,也有助于进一步开展成功老龄化的跨文化研究。     

全球公民社会:理论模式与研究框架

全球公民社会作为一种兴起于上世纪末的新话语,在新世纪初已备受关注。西方学术界围绕着全球公民社会的概念、全球公民社会的产生与发展以及全球公民社会对现实政治的影响及其发展趋势等问题展开了广泛讨论,并且形成了不同的理论分析框架和研究阵营。虽然西方的全球公民社会研究取得了一系列的成果,但是仍表现出规范性研究不足、研究主要囿于自由民主框架中等不足之处。我国学者已分别从国际关系、政治学和政治哲学的角度关注全球公民社会,但从总体上看,这一领域的研究力量还比较薄弱,成果不足,进一步的研究有待作出。