汉字词错觉结合的层次和影响因素

采用数字再认与词汇再认双作业范式,从笔画、部件、整字层次,考察汉字错觉结合的层次和影响因素。结果发现：（1）在汉字词识别中,两个相邻字（词）之间存在笔画、部件或字的互换错误,说明在笔画、部件和字的层次上存在错觉结合。（2）字的错觉结合率最高,其次是部件,笔画最低。（3）汉字词的错觉结合受刺激对的呈现方式、汉字结构和词性影响。     

Applicability of olweu' aggression inventory in a sample of chinese primary school children

A sample of Chinese children in Grade 4 (155 boys and 135 girls with an average age of 10.3 years) completed Olweu' Aggression Inventory, an instrument developed for the assessment of aggressive and aggression controlling behavior tendencies in a Western culture. Results indicated that the questionnaire gave quite meaningful information when used with the Chinese children. Two interpretable factors, general aggression and aggression control, were derived; the pattern of factor loadings was essentially the same for boys and girls. The internal consistency reliabilities of the two factor scales were in the 0.80s and 0.70s, respectively. Overall, the findings indicated that there were distinct measurable individual differences among Chinese children in the domain of aggression—in spite of strong societal pressures against aggressive behavior and towards aggression control. However, some results suggested that aggression was a somewhat more global, or less differentiated, phenomenon for the Chinese as compared with the Swedish children. The two main factor scales were related meaningfully to other self report dimensions such as positive attitude to school and negative relations with parents. In all probability, the pattern of findings gave a valid picture of the behavior and attitudes of the Chinese children: By and large they were nonaggressive, well-behaved, ambitious, friendly, prosocial, and exerted strong control over aggressive feelings and behavior tendencies. In possible conflicts with adults, they were likely to take a humble and submissive attitude. These findings agree well with the impressions of Western observers and with what can be expected on the basis of the typical socialization patterns found in the People's Republic of China. Furthermore, quite marked sex differences in aggression were obtained and a partial correlation analysis showed that the higher aggression level of the boys could only to a very limited degree be explained by their lower level of aggression control or inhibitions. Generally, the sex differences in aggression were interpreted to reflect genetic variations in basic predispositions in boys and girls that had been subtly enlarged by more or less clear, sex-linked differences in environmental conditions.     

中文阅读中的字形与语音加工

该文报告两个探讨字形及语音加要于中文阅读中所起之作用的实验。基本实验作业是让被移动鼠标以阅读计算机屏幕逐字呈现之短文。计算机记录文中个别单字中呈现时间作为反映阅读理解即时加工的因变量。在每篇文章中段都有一关键字,用来观察在此字位置出现原字、同音字、形似字或无关字对阅读所造成的影响。结果发现,在阅读初期,同音字、形似字及无关字所造成的干扰效应,无论在效果大小及出现位置上并无差异。别外,干扰效应在同音     

《易经》与中国文化心理学

在我们中国的文化传统中,《易经》素有“众经之首”和“大道之源”的称誉。当代心理学史家把中国看作是心理学的第一个故乡,中国传统文化中包容着丰富的心理学思想和独特的心理学体系。对此,作者以《易经》为基础,通过易经中所使用的“心”字,易传中所发挥的“心”的意义,和《易经》卦象中所表达的心理的象征性等几个方面,阐述了《易经》中所包含的“中国文化心理学”,以及这种中国文化心理学对于当代西方心理学思想的影响。     

刍议恽代英精神

恽代英精神有着丰富的内涵,它集中体现在以下几个方面：爱国主义精神、为人民服务的精神、为崇高理想而奋斗的精神和追求真理、发展真理的精神。这种精神是对中华传统民族精神的升华,是毛泽东精神的组成部分,是21世纪中国人民继续奋发图强实现民族伟大复兴的精神动力。     

老年人汉语阅读中预测误差成本的产生机制

阅读的认知加工机制随年龄变老只发生了量变还是也产生了质变,是毕生发展研究领域的重要问题。要进行有效的语言处理,读者必须结合已有的经验知识和当前语境对即将出现的信息进行预测加工。因此,要解决上述问题就要回答老年人阅读中预测加工机制发生了怎样变化,即预测误差成本是如何产生的。研究拟采用眼动脑电同步记录技术,在自然阅读过程中实时获取语言处理的行为和神经指标,聚焦老年人预测误差成本的产生机制,主要从副中央凹视觉、工作记忆负荷及语言能力三方面解释预测误差成本产生的原因。研究成果对构建汉语阅读的毕生发展模型有重要意义。     

培养高素质中西医结合人才方法探讨

要培养高素质中西医结合人才,必须注重医古文与外语应用能力、信息技术与循证能力、中西医结合临床思维与基本技能、科研实践与创新能力的训练.     

Dispositional factors predicting Chinese students’ critical thinking performance

Dispositional factors have been suggested to affect individuals’ critical thinking performance. The relative and combined effects of thinking dispositions and cognitive ability on the critical thinking performance of a group of 137 Chinese undergraduates were examined. Participants were administered the Need for Cognition Scale, Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness Subscales of the NEO Five Factor Inventory as well as the Concern for Truth Scale. Cognitive ability and critical thinking performance were respectively estimated with the WAIS-III Verbal Comprehension Index and the Halpern Critical Thinking Assessment Using Everyday Situations. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that only the disposition of concern for truth accounted for unique additional variance in critical thinking beyond that explained by cognitive ability. The findings are discussed in the light of cultural factors affecting critical thinking in the Chinese context.     

汉语双字合成词口语产生的词素信息编码

用图–词干扰范式探讨了汉语双字合成词口语产生中构成词素的正字法、语音、语义信息激活的特点,共三个实验。结果表明汉语双字合成词的口语产生中,词素的语音、正字法信息可以促进词汇的口语产生,而词素语义信息的作用不显著,说明合成词口语产生的编码单元为"音节+音调",词素的正字法也在编码中起到一定作用。这些信息激活不受词素位置的影响,首、次词素在双字合成词口语产生中地位相当。词素正字法先于语音信息激活,在SOA为?200ms就有出现;语音信息则稍晚,在SOA为100ms时才出现激活。