经世致用：仍主宰着近代中医方书的发展

清代中末期的经世致用思潮对近代(1840-1949)中医方书的影响主要表现在,近代方书的出版在数量上已达到历史的顶峰;大型医方书注重实用性;单验方类书籍大量出版;方书以传单形式广泛流传。近代各类型方书的编写重视实用性,突出了简、便、廉、验的特点。     

培养一流医学本科生是医科大学立校之本

尽管医学本科生在毕业时都已接受了必要的本科教育,但许多毕业生仍然无法适应这个快速进步变化的社会,在短时间内成为社会需要的医疗人才。我们必须承认,医学本科教育中尚有许多亟待解决的问题。以亲身体验,较全面地分析了中国大陆与港台及国外大学的差异,对医学本科教育改革提出了几点拙见。     

Examining role stress among technical students in India

Although organizational stress has been the subject of much research, role stress among professional students in India has not been well examined. This study explores the extent and types of role stresses present among the engineering and management students in India. The findings reveal that students are experiencing role overload, role stagnation and self-role distance. Male students experience higher levels of role stagnation than female students. However, no significant differences could be observed on any of the role stressors between first year students and their seniors, or between management and engineering students. The results are indicative of the social and educational environment prevailing in the country.     

中学生学习倦怠结构研究

依据倦怠理论文献、访谈和问卷调查,提出我国中学生学习倦怠的概念结构。通过对400名中学生学习倦怠问卷的探索性因素分析和367名中学生学习倦怠问卷的验证性因素分析,结果表明中学生学习倦怠是由情绪耗竭、学习的低效能感、师生疏离和生理耗竭四个因素构成。     

Associations between aspects of spiritual well-being, alcohol use, and related social-cognitions in female college students

This research explores relationships between aspects of spiritual well-being, alcohol use and related social-cognitions in college women. The sample included 151 female college students ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. Participants read a behavioral vignette depicting alcohol use by a student and completed a survey that included measures of alcohol use, counterfactual attributions and beliefs about drinking, as well as religious and existential aspects of spiritual well-being. Results suggested religious- and existential well-being to be inversely associated with indices of alcohol use and the likelihood of attending a social event where alcohol is present. Further, religious well-being was found to be negatively associated with beliefs concerning the social-effects of alcohol, while existential well-being was observed to be a significant predictor of a composite set of attributions related to alcohol prevention. Importantly, these data suggest religious and existential aspects of spiritual well-being as moderators of behavior as well as causal attributions and beliefs that represent a cognitive mechanism of alcohol prevention in college women. Use of counterfactual exercises as an educational technique, and potential barriers of religious and existential oriented prevention programs are briefly discussed.     

The Role of Emotion Regulation and Children's Early Academic Success

This study investigated the role of emotion regulation in children's early academic success using a sample of 325 kindergarteners. A mediational analysis addressed the potential mechanisms through which emotion regulation relates to children's early academic success. Results indicated that emotion regulation was positively associated with teacher reports of children's academic success and productivity in the classroom and standardized early literacy and math achievement scores. Contrary to predictions, child behavior problems and the quality of the student teacher relationship did not mediate these relations. However, emotion regulation and the quality of the student-teacher relationship uniquely predicted academic outcomes even after accounting for IQ. Findings are discussed in terms of how emotion regulation skills facilitate children's development of a positive student-teacher relationship as well as cognitive processing and independent learning behavior, all of which are important for academic motivation and success.     

Academic Theology Centered on Practical Theology

This article argues that there are considerable advantages for society, university, theology and the church to conduct theological research and education of pastors at a secular state university like the University of Copenhagen. The disadvantage is foremost that learning from a practice‐theory‐practice model is not found in theological education at the secular university. In the case of Denmark, this is, however, more due to the theology and set up of the church than to the university, where it is commonplace to integrate practice in academic studies.     

Comparison of cognitive-behavioural therapy and psychodynamic therapy in the treatment of anxiety among university students: an effectiveness study

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural (CBT) and psychodynamic (PDT) therapies in the treatment of anxiety among university students. To this aim, the Symptom Questionnaire (SQ) was completed by 30 students assigned to CBT and by 24 students assigned to PDT, both at the beginning and at the end of treatment. The main problem presented by all patients was anxiety. Except for one sub-scale, we observed significant differences in the scores of all sub-scales and scales of SQ, with lower scores at the end of the therapy, indicating lower distress, regardless of the type of treatment. The present findings suggest that both therapies are effective in the treatment of anxiety among university students.     

Cyber-bullying: An investigation of the psychological profile of university student participants

The present study investigated the psychological profile of 430 Greek university students who reported cyber-bullying/victimization experiences. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire, measuring cyber-bullying, cyber-victimization, Internet frequency and use, personality characteristics, and psychological symptoms. Results indicated that 58.4% of the sample had participated in a cyber-bullying incident assuming any role. Cyber bully/victims, the most common participant role, endorsed more psychological symptoms, more psychopathic traits, and were high sensation seekers, compared to the rest of the groups, whereas cyber-victims scored higher on empathy. Cyber-bullying was predicted by callous/unemotional and impulsive/irresponsible traits, depression, Internet use, as well as lack of social skills. The latter four variables also predicted cyber-victimization along with gender. Findings are discussed in terms of prevention and intervention strategies.     

汉语本体符号新释

汉语“本体”由“本”与“体”两个符号组成,截然不同于印欧语系的 ontology。汉语“本体”与“体”“本”构成一个内在统一的过程。中华先哲的问学之旅,即是立“本”生“道”、“本体”与“体”“本”的和合相生之旅。汉语本体构成了汉语思维进行诗性超越的根基,它独特的创新意识表现为追“本”溯源、返“本”开新,在这个意义上汉语本体与方法论是统一的。自现代以来,ontology 式本体之理解遮蔽了汉语“本体”的“本”来内涵,汉语“本体”符号亟待摆脱ontology 的“殖民”,而返回母语故乡。