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11.
We studied the academic effects on peers without disabilities of serving as peer supports for students with disabilities in general education classrooms. Three peers were studied using a range of indicators, including academic engagement, coursework performance, and social validity assessments. Peers assisting a student with disabilities via curricular adaptation, assignment completion, and social facilitation constituted the multicomponent independent variable. We used withdrawal or multiple baseline designs to demonstrate positive benefits for peers for all measures used. In addition, follow-up data for 2 peers indicated that the positive changes associated with serving as a peer support were maintained for up to 2 months. Our results are discussed in relation to the possible academic and social effects of providing peer supports in general education classrooms for students with and without disabilities. 相似文献
12.
Three students with moderate disabilities were taught to read and match-to-sample sight words comprising stimulus sets based upon the four food groups. We taught students conditional discriminations within four four-member sets using a single-sample/four-comparison procedure. Students were taught A-B, B-C, and C-D conditional discriminations for each of the four potential stimulus classes. Subsequent probes tested for relations based upon symmetry and one-node and two-node transitivity. The performances for all students indicated that symmetric relations emerged before one-node transitive relations, and that one-node transitive relations emerged before two-node transitive relations. These results are consistent with a pattern of responding, referred to as a "nodality effect," in which relations with fewer nodes are demonstrated prior to the demonstration of relations with a greater number of nodes. These results extend this area of research to sight-word reading for students with moderate disabilities. 相似文献
13.
汉字内隐记忆的实验研究(Ⅱ):任务分离和反应倾向 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在实验I的基础上,操纵学习时的呈现时间(250ms,500ms,750ms)和注意变量(目标和非目标字),运用任务分离方法及间接证明逻辑,比较了再认测验和整字偏好测验在不同条件下的辨别力(A′)和反应倾向(B″)。结果:(1)双向功能分离的出现表明再认测验和偏好测验存在本质差异。根据“过程纯净”假设,可以推证内隐记忆存在于偏好测验中。此时,匹配比较法的标准未满足。(2)偏好测验中,500ms呈现目标字时,有显著正向启动效应:750ms呈现非目标字时,有显著负向启动效应。(3)内隐记忆和外显记忆发生时,都具有稳定的心理状态。但是前者的报告标准较松宽,而后者的较严格。 相似文献
14.
Comparing interspersed requests and social comments as antecedents for increasing student compliance
Two students were alternately presented with interspersed high-compliance requests and social comments as antecedents to low-compliance requests. An initial comparison demonstrated similar positive effects on compliance for interspersed requests and social comments. A second analysis indicated that the effectiveness of social comments for increasing compliance was related to the time interval between social comments and low-compliance requests. 相似文献
15.
Yu-Wen Ying 《American journal of community psychology》1995,23(6):893-911
Examined cultural orientation in the domains of language proficiency, cultural activity, and social relationship, and its
relationship with psychological well-being in a group of 143 Chinese Americans in San Francisco. Four indicators of psychological
well-being were utilized, two assessing the experience of distress (depression level and negative affect) and two assessing
positive well-being (positive affect and life satisfaction). Domain-specific cultural orientations were found to hold differential
relationships with psychological well-being. For instance, bicultural activity orientation predicted the best psychological
well-being (regardless as to how it was assessed), but socially separatist individuals experienced less negative affect than
assimilated and bicultural respondents. Findings were discussed in the context of the multicultural setting of San Francisco.
It is suggested that future research retain separate assessments of domain-specific cultural orientation, examine the contribution
of the community's ethnic/cultural composition to its members' cultural orientations (i.e., address the role of person-environment
fit) and study their impact on psychological well-being.
The data reported here were collected as part of the author's doctoral dissertation. Ricardo F. Munoz and Guillermo Bernal
guided and supported the implementation of this study; Sunwoo Lee assisted with the data analysis; and Edison J. Trickett
and the anonymous reviewers offered helpful suggestions. 相似文献
16.
整体汉字字形识别过程探索 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本研究用微观发生范式探索了整体汉字和人工字的字形识别过程 ,主要获得以下结果 :1真字和人工字的正确提取率随呈现时间增长而提高 ,字形刺激的特征提取是一个有序的发展过程 ,字形识别加工受字特性 (真字与人工字 )和笔划数因素影响。2在以“十”为骨架和以“囗”为包围结构的字刺激中经常首先提取“十”或“囗”,而且首特征“十”或“囗”的提取不受字形熟悉性影响 ;笔划数变量仅对含“十”特征的字刺激的首特征提取产生影响。3在以上两类汉字中 ,“十”或“囗”作为首特征提取促进了字形识别加工过程。 相似文献
17.
中小学四种典型类型学生人格特征的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本研究考察了中小学普遍存在的四种典型类型学生:A型学生、B型学生、C型学生和D型学生。这四种类型的学生在智力和非智力因素上存在差异;慎密性、克制性和显示性是影响中小学生学习质量和品德行为表现的重要人格特征。 相似文献
18.
本研究探讨了汉字阅读材料的不同组合对字词认知速度及准确性的影响。实验材料是一篇320个字的短文阅读材料,分成三种不同组合形式让被试从左往右发声念读.一种是顺意排列材料形式(即文章句子符合句法及词意),一种是逆意排列材料形式(即将文章的字词逆反排列);一种是随机排列材料形式(即将全文字词打乱随机排列)。实验结果表明:对顺意排列材料的念读效果最好,念读速度及准确性明显高于另外两种材料组合形式;中青年组被试的结果明显优于老年组及儿童组的结果.结果提示,对字词念读的认知加工过程明显受相邻字词关系的影响及字词句子化的影响. 相似文献
19.
This study compared prototype and rote instruction of English names for Chinese visual characters. In the prototype condition, participants were taught the meaning of the prototype that served as the distinctive feature of multicomponent characters. In the rote condition, participants traced the character and wrote its translation. Participants learned more rapidly and maintained more words in the prototype condition. 相似文献
20.
Given a variety we study the existence of a class such that S1 every A can be represented as a global subdirect product with factors in and S2 every non-trivial A is globally indecomposable. We show that the following varieties (and its subvarieties) have a class satisfying properties S1 and S2: p-algebras, distributive double p-algebras of a finite range, semisimple varieties of lattice expansions such that the simple members form a universal class (bounded distributive lattices, De Morgan algebras, etc) and arithmetical varieties in which the finitely subdirectly irreducible algebras form a universal class (f-rings, vector groups, Wajsberg algebras, discriminator varieties, Heyting algebras, etc). As an application we obtain results analogous to that of Nachbin saying that if every chain of prime filters of a bounded distributive lattice has at most length 1, then the lattice is Boolean.We wish to thank Lic. Alfredo Guerin and Dr. Daniel Penazzi for helping us with linguistics aspects. We are indebted to the referee for several helpful suggestions. We also wish to thank Professor Mick Adams for providing us with several reprints and useful e-mail information on the subject.Suported by CONICOR and SECyT (UNC). 相似文献