Sens du travail et rapports vie de travail - vie hors travail chez trois catégories de télétravailleurs et chez les travailleurs classiques

Telework, namely so remote work, is composed of three basic forms: home based-telework, alternated telework and mobile telework. These three basic forms of telework and the traditional form of work are compared to identify their respective impact on work centrality, work social representation, and on relations between work life and out of work life. The mobile teleworkers present a high work centrality and the alternated teleworkers, a high family centrality. Concerning the representation, only mobile teleworkers and home based teleworkers cannot think the work without the basic knowledge of constraint. For the exchanges between work of life and out of work life, traditional workers separate their domains of life even though alternated teleworkers and home based-teleworkers combinate it. Mobile teleworkers develop exchanges between some domains of life.This study proves that it is not necessary to reason globally but to consider the specificity of each telework forms introduced or to implant in a organization.     

Changing interests: A longitudinal study of intrinsic motivation for personally salient activities

The present longitudinal study extends the findings of earlier cross-sectional studies (Waterman, Schwartz, Green, Miller, & Philip, 2003) on the subjective experience of intrinsic motivation. University students generated lists of personally salient (identity-related) activities at the beginning of an academic semester and were asked to evaluate these activities at three points during the semester. Drawing on theories of intrinsic motivation, three subjective indices of intrinsic motivation (interest, flow experiences, and feelings of personal expressiveness) and three theoretically derived predictor variables (self-determination, the balance of challenges and skills, and self-realization values) were used in the present study. Cross-sectional relationships between the predictors and subjective experience indices at each timepoint replicated those observed in previous research. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to demonstrate that, as hypothesized, increases or decreases in the predictor variables between timepoints were associated with corresponding increases or decreases in the subjective experience indices. Implications for the study of intrinsic motivation are discussed.     

Psychotherapy’s Philosophical Values: Insight or Absorption?

According to insight-oriented psychotherapies, the change clients undergo during therapy results from insights gained into the “true” nature of the self, which entail greater self-knowledge and self-understanding. In this paper, I question such claims through a critical examination of the epistemological and metaphysical values underlying such forms of therapy. I claim that such psychotherapeutic practices are engaged in a process that subtly “absorbs” clients into the therapist’s philosophical framework which is characterized by a certain problematic conception of subjectivity, knowledge, and reality. Through mechanisms which are intrinsic to the therapeutic encounter, such as suggestion and power, such therapies construct and reconfigure clients along the lines of socially accepted norms and values. Consequently, insight-oriented psychotherapy results in a deceptive form of social control.     

The Relationship of Job Attribute Preferences to Employment, Hours of Paid Work, and Family Responsibilities: An Analysis Comparing Women and Men

We used 1997 International Social Survey Programme data from 14 countries to examine the relationship of job attribute preferences to family responsibilities, employment, and paid work hours. Separate regression analyses for women and men examined whether family responsibilities (marriage, children, spousal employment, and housework responsibility) predicted job attribute preferences. Many family responsibilities were significant predictors of men's and women's extrinsic and intrinsic preferences. Family responsibilities also predicted women's flexibility preferences. We next examined whether job attribute preferences were associated with employment and weekly paid work hours when family responsibilities were controlled. Job attribute preferences showed several significant relationships to women's and men's employment and several significant relationships to women's paid work hours.     

A Narrative Approach to Child and Family Therapy in Africa*

Professional family therapy in Africa is heavily influenced by theories and principles of Western family practice. Its practice structure and philosophies are however grounded on African family values and the principles and orientations of traditional African psychology. This paper presents a clinical report that illustrates adaptations we make to incorporate compatible aspects of narrative family practice in African and Western cultures. A summary of African family values and child psychology intended as a background perspective is provided. The paper is significant against the background of the current need for forging multiculturally relevant healing methods that fit well with the globalized nature of the contemporary world. Augustine Nwoye, PhD, is Associate Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya (amnwoye@avu.org). Professor. Nwoye has developed an African paradigm for mental health and, in particular, for family and couple therapy. He also has experience in dealing with stress and multiple losses, especially surrounding HIV/AIDS within an African context. *An earlier version of the paper was presented to the members of staff and students of the Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, England, UK, and the initial version was presented to the members of the Family Therapy Program of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. I wish to thank Dr. Colleen McLaughlin (University of Cambridge) and Professor Karl Tomm (University of Calgary) for their invitation, assistance, time, attention, and suggestions.     

中国传统"革命"思想的两个维度及毛泽东的"革命"逻辑

传统中国蕴含着两种“革命”思想的维度:一是圣人救世的“汤武革命”,一是基于压迫而进行反抗的农民起义。这两个维度对于既系统地接受过中国传统的规范性文化教育,同时又深受非规范性文化熏染的毛泽东来说都产生了极大的影响,并形成了他“圣人救世”与“压迫-反抗”的两种“革命”逻辑。这两种具有不同文化气质的“革命”逻辑在毛泽东思想中得以结合的根本基础是他尚变求动的宇宙观和人生观。     

对毛泽东新中国探索的再思考--从《毛泽东传(1949-1976)》的写作谈起

本文从《毛泽东传(1949-1976)》的写作谈起,对毛泽东新中国之路的探索进行了深入的思考,认为毛泽东建国后主要是做了三件大事:一是进行现代化建设;二是在外交上谋求中国的大国地位;三是巩固党的长期执政地位。对于这三件事的得失成败均应还原到相应的历史背景中去考察,方能得出恰当的结论。     

目前我国ICU患者入住的标准是否过于宽泛

ICU是一个由特定人员与先进医疗设备组成的独立科室或病房,是现代化医院的重要标志。ICU的建立挽救了大量危重患者的生命,降低了死亡率。目前国内ICU还处于建设、完善、发展阶段,由于发展的不平衡,缺乏统一ICU规范和收治标准,以及对ICU在认识上存在着误区,因此,造成了不同等级医院、不同层次ICU收治的不平衡。如何使ICU的建设和运作更加程序化、专业化、规范化,真正发挥ICU的作用与功能,既要加强对患者与老百姓的宣传力度,也要加强业内人员的认识,同时还应加强医疗行政管理的监察力度。     

从生态自然观看细菌的耐药

伴随抗菌药物强大的抗感染疗效的同时,细菌等病原体对抗菌药物的耐药性问题日渐显露出来。运用生态自然观辨证地对细菌进行剖析,旨在突破传统思维认识细菌耐药性产生本质,从而更加有效,更加科学地控制细菌耐药的发生。     

差异蛋白质组学研究与应用进展

差异蛋白质组学是蛋白质组学的一种重要研究策略,着重于比较不同生物体在不同时刻或状态下蛋白质表达的变化,在目前技术背景下有重要的现实意义.将近年来新发展的差异蛋白组学技术,如激光捕获微切割、蛋白芯片及蛋白质定量研究方面等的技术和差异蛋白组学应用进展进行总结.