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241.
In this study we examined the factor structure of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) filled out by group care workers. Group care workers' judgements were collected on 846 children and adolescents treated in various residential settings in The Netherlands. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we were able to show that the original CBCL factor model based on parental judgments of child behavior also fits for the judgments of group care workers. This means that the well known 8 narrow-band syndromes (Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, etc.) as well as the 2 broad-band syndromes (Internalizing and Externalizing) can be used to interpret the CBCL scores of group care workers. This confirmation of the CBCL factor structure is a first step to add a group care worker version to the CBCL family. However, as a second step, normative data need to be gathered to further enhance the use of the CBCL for group care workers. 相似文献
242.
243.
This study longitudinally investigated the quality and stability of 64 infants’ interactions with their professional caregivers in child care centers at 3 and 6 months of age, i.e., across the first 3 months after they entered child care. It was also examined whether the infants’ negative emotionality (as rated by the mother) predicted the quality of the caregiver–infant interaction. The interactive behavior of the professional caregivers (sensitivity, cooperation) and the infants (responsiveness, involvement) was rated from videotapes recorded in three different caregiving situations, lasting about 25 min in total. In contrast to our expectation, the quality of the caregiver–infant interaction did not significantly increase across the first 3 months in child care. As expected, significant rank order stability was found for the quality of the caregivers’ behavior over time. Also in accordance with our expectations, infants with higher negative emotionality scores experienced less sensitivity and cooperation in interactions with their primary professional caregivers at both ages. 相似文献
244.
Talia Welsh 《Human Studies》2007,30(3):255-267
Anatomically detailed dolls have been used to elicit testimony from children in sex abuse cases. However, studies have shown
they often provide false accounts in young, preschool-age children. Typically this problem is seen as a cognitive one: with
age, children can correctly map their bodies onto a doll due to greater intellectual ability to represent themselves. I argue, along with the work of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, that although cognitive developments aid in the ability
to represent one’s own body, a discussion of embodiment is required in order to understand the use and abuse of anatomical dolls in forensic interviews. This paper examines these
issues and maintains that a better understanding of embodied perception in both adults and children helps show how phenomenology
can provide a more nuanced understanding to a troubling ethical and legal problem.
相似文献
Talia WelshEmail: |
245.
Anthony P. Mannarino Judith A. Cohen Esther Deblinger Robert Steer 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(3):203-210
The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; A. T. Beck, R. A. Steer, & G. K. Brown, 1996) was administered to 164 biological
mothers of sexually abused children to determine the psychometric characteristics of the BDI-II and to estimate the prevalence
of self-reported depression in this population. The study also sought to ascertain whether the mothers’ BDI-II total scores
were correlated with various psychosocial characteristics of the mothers and their children. It was found that there was only
one dimension underlying the 21 BDI-II responses, and the internal consistency of the BDI-II total scores was high. Twenty-six
percent of these mothers had scores indicative of clinical depression. The mothers’ BDI-II total scores were significantly
correlated with their husbands’ or paramours’ having sexually abused their children and their ratings of the children’s internalizing
behaviors. These results were discussed as supporting the use of the BDI-II with mothers of sexually abused children to measure
self-reported depression. 相似文献
246.
Kerri L. Modry-Mandell Wendy C. Gamble Angela R. Taylor 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(1):59-71
We examined the impact of family emotional climate and sibling relationship quality on behavioral problems and adaptation
in preschool-aged children. Participants were 63 mothers with a preschool-aged child enrolled in a Southern Arizona Head Start
Program. Siblings were identified as children closest in age to target child. Mothers of predominantly Mexican descent (95%)
participated in home interviews during the Fall and Spring of the year children entered center-based programs. Sibling relationship
quality (warmth, agonism/competition) was proposed to predict children’s adjustment (behavioral problems and adaptation) longitudinally.
Results indicate that after controlling for child characteristics (temperament, child gender, birth order) and after accounting
for family characteristics (family emotional expressiveness, child exposure to interparental conflict, and parental agreement
on childrearing), sibling warmth made a significant and unique contribution to child adjustment as reported by mothers and
teachers six months later. Findings are consistent with existing research indicating that sibling relationships impact children’s
adjustment and shape young children’s lives in meaningful and marked ways. Moreover, these associations were found with an
understudied sample of young children of predominantly Mexican descent in low-income families, and thus make an important
contribution to knowledge in the field. 相似文献
247.
We investigated the associations among perceived fidelity to family-centered systems of care, family empowerment, and improvements
in children's problem behaviors. Participants included 79 families, interviewed at two time points across a one-year period.
Paired samples t-tests indicated that problem behaviors decreased significantly across a one-year period. Hierarchical multiple regressions
indicated that both fidelity to family-centered systems of care and family empowerment independently predicted positive change in children's problem behavior over a one-year period. However, when family empowerment is entered
first in the regression, the relationship between fidelity to family-centered systems of care and change in children's problem
behavior drops out, indicating that family empowerment mediates the relationship between family-centered care and positive
changes in problem behaviors. Consistent with other literature on help-giving practices, family empowerment appears to be
an important mechanism of change within the system of care philosophy of service delivery. Implications for practice and staff
training are discussed. 相似文献
248.
The commonalities between anxiety and depression have been discussed before, but few have delineated the potentially different
mechanisms through which treatments work for these populations. The current study conducted a comprehensive review of child
and adolescent randomized clinical trials that tested cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety or depression. All studies
were required to have assessed both treatment outcomes and at least one theory-specific process target, including behavioral,
physiological, cognitive, and coping variables. Using a meta-analytic approach, CBT demonstrated positive treatment gains
across anxiety, depression, and general functioning outcomes. CBT for anxiety also produced moderate to large effects across
behavioral, physiological, cognitive, and coping processes, with behavioral targets demonstrating potentially the greatest
change. CBT for depression produced small effects for cognitive processes but nonsignificant effects for behavioral and coping
variables. Findings were generally consistent with CB theory but suggest potentially different mediators in the treatment
of anxiety and depression. Results are discussed in terms of implications for mechanisms research, theories of change, and
treatment development. 相似文献
249.
中学生学习倦怠结构研究 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
依据倦怠理论文献、访谈和问卷调查,提出我国中学生学习倦怠的概念结构。通过对400名中学生学习倦怠问卷的探索性因素分析和367名中学生学习倦怠问卷的验证性因素分析,结果表明中学生学习倦怠是由情绪耗竭、学习的低效能感、师生疏离和生理耗竭四个因素构成。 相似文献
250.
The authors qualitatively examine parent experiences in groups for persons seeking parental rights through Child Protective Services (CPS). The study focuses on 16 custody-seeking parent figures who participated in dialogical groups designed from a Collaborative Language Systems perspective. The grounded-theory analysis shows that parents initially described overwhelming emotions and conflictual relationships with CPS. It also identifies five therapeutic group processes that appeared to influence perceptions of hope and personal power and contribute to how parents position themselves relative to CPS: validation, sharing practical information and networking, highlighting strengths and resources, supportive confrontation, and sharing stories of change. The analysis provides insight into CPS parents' experiences, suggests that dialogical approaches may have potential to assist in reshaping experiences in CPS, and draws attention to the need for interventions at the structural and administrative levels. 相似文献