Kendal Holtrop  Sharde' McNeil Smith  Jenna C. Scott 《Family process》2015,54(2):359-375

This study examined whether five specific parenting practices (i.e., monitoring, discipline, skill encouragement, problem solving, and positive involvement) were associated with reduced child externalizing behaviors among a sample of Latino immigrant families. It utilized baseline data from 83 Latino couples with children participating in a larger randomized controlled trial of a culturally adapted parenting intervention. Results reveal that monitoring, discipline, skill encouragement, and problem solving each made independent contributions to the prediction of child externalizing behavior, although not all in the expected direction. Further analyses examining mothers and fathers separately suggest that mother‐reported monitoring and father‐reported discipline practices uniquely contributed to these findings. These results may have important implications for prevention and clinical intervention efforts with Latino immigrant families, including the cultural adaptation and implementation of parenting interventions with this underserved population.  相似文献   

    

《Infant behavior & development》2015

AimTo establish the psychometric properties of a newly developed screening tool Screening Solid Foods Infants 1 (SSFI-1) used by early childhood professionals, to detect problems in the transition from milk to solid food of smooth consistency in infants 6–9 months of age.MethodsThe SSFI-1 score was filled out by the parents of a subgroup with term infants (n = 35); healthy preterm infants (n = 26); infants with comorbidity (n = 17); infants with feeding problems (n = 13). Internal consistency, reproducibility, construct, criterion and related validity was evaluated.ResultsThe preterm subgroup differed significantly in age when starting with fruits/vegetables and period of experience (p < 0.01). The SSFI-1 was sufficiently reliable for the total group and term subgroup (α = 0.78 and 0.76), but not for the preterm and comorbidity/feeding problem subgroup (α = 0.51 and 0.69). Inter-rater reliability was high for the total score (n = 25, ICC r = 0.93), and moderate to good for individual items (weighted kappa range 0.55–0.95). Validity was confirmed by significantly higher scores for the comorbidity/feeding problem subgroups and clinically distinguishable subgroups (p < 0.05) and area under the curve values > 0.78. The initial 10-item screening tool was modified to a seven item screening tool. A SSFI-1 score of 4, +2 SD of the term subgroup, had 76.9% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity, for detecting the presence of a feeding problem.ConclusionThe seven-item screening tool Screening Solid Foods 1 may be used as a screening tool for term infants. Further testing of the SSFI-1 in new infants is needed, to confirm reliability and validity both for term, preterm and (risk for) feeding problem infants.  相似文献   

    

Anna L. Theakston  Paul Ibbotson  Daniel Freudenthal  Elena V. M. Lieven  Michael Tomasello 《Cognitive Science》2015,39(6):1369-1395

Productivity is a central concept in the study of language and language acquisition. As a test case for exploring the notion of productivity, we focus on the noun slots of verb frames, such as __want__, __see__, and __get__. We develop a novel combination of measures designed to assess both the flexibility and creativity of use in these slots. We do so using a rigorously controlled sample of child speech and child directed speech from three English‐speaking children between the ages of 2–3 years and their caregivers. We find different levels of creativity and flexibility between the adult and child samples for some measures, for some slots, and for some developmental periods. We discuss these differences in the context of verb frame semantics, conventionality versus creativity and child errors, and draw some tentative conclusions regarding developmental changes in children's early grammatical representations.  相似文献   

    

Laura Rachel Wilson Satterfield 《Journal of Family Therapy》2014,36(1):20-38

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Stefan Beher  Markus W. Haun  Jochen Schweitzer 《Family process》2013,52(4):576-618

Systemic (family) therapy is a widely used psychotherapy approach. However, most systematic efficacy reviews have focused solely on “family‐based treatment” rather than on the theoretic orientation “systemic therapy.” We systematically review trials on the efficacy of systemic therapy for the treatment of childhood and adolescent externalizing disorders. All randomized (or matched) controlled trials (RCT) evaluating systemic/systems‐oriented therapy in various forms (family, individual, group, multi‐family group therapy) with child or adolescent index patients (0–17 years) suffering from mental disorders were identified by data base searches and cross‐references. Inclusion criteria were as follows: index patient diagnosed with a DSM‐ or ICD‐listed mental disorder, and trial published in any language up to the end of 2011. The RCTs were analyzed for their research methodology, interventions applied, and results (postintervention; follow‐up). A total of 47 trials from the United States, Europe, and China, published in English, German, and Mandarin, were identified. A total of 42 of them showed systemic therapy to be efficacious for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, conduct disorders, and substance use disorders. Results were stable across follow‐up periods of up to 14 years. There is a sound evidence base for the efficacy of systemic therapy for children and adolescents (and their families) diagnosed with externalizing disorders.  相似文献   

    

Anna Beatriz Carnielli Howat‐Rodrigues  Rosana Suemi Tokumaru  Thalita Novaes de Amorim  Agnaldo Garcia  Patrícia Izar 《International journal of psychology》2013,48(6):1212-1220

In this paper we characterize adoptive and genetic motherhood with or without stress indicators. Participants were 86 mothers (36 adoptive, 50 genetic) with children from 0 to 12 years old. They answered questions about focal child and mother profile, marital relationship, child care support and the Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults. Results showed that mothers in both groups reported child care support, but there was more participation of nonrelatives in the care of adoptive children and relatives in the care of genetic children. There was greater marital stability and less conflict with the arrival of the child in the adoptive families and predominance of stress indicators in genetic mothers. We concluded that, although there are differences between adoptive and genetic motherhood, these do not imply advantages for one versus the other. Moreover, marital stability related to the adoption process and sociodemographic characteristics of adoptive mothers may have contributed to lower prevalence of stress.  相似文献   

    

Anke M. Klein  Eni S. Becker  Mike Rinck 《Cognition & emotion》2013,27(7):1205-1213

This study investigated whether direct and indirect measures predict unique variance components of fearful behaviour in children. One hundred eighty-nine children aged between 9 and 12 performed a pictorial version of the emotional Stroop task (EST), filled out the Spider Anxiety and Disgust Screening for Children (SADS-C), the Spider Phobia Questionnaire for Children (SPQ-C), and took part in a Behavioural Assessment Test (BAT). The EST did not correlate with self-reports. Correlations of the self-reports and the BAT remained significant after partialling out EST performance. Likewise, the EST and the BAT still correlated significantly with each other when controlling for the self-reports. This indicates that both direct and indirect measures are useful for predicting unique variance components of fearful behaviour in children. Moreover, it may explain why some previous studies have not found a relationship between self-reported fear and EST performance.  相似文献   

    

Louisa Burriss  D. A. Powell  Jeffrey White 《Cognition & emotion》2013,27(1):182-210

Old, middle-aged and young persons of both genders were presented with slides containing pictorial stimuli that varied in emotional content. Each picture was rated on three dimensions: (1) valence; (2) arousal; and (3) dominance, using a 25-point scale. Heart rate, skin conductance, and forehead and cheek EMG were recorded during each slide presentation. The old and middle-aged groups showed greatly attenuated psychophysiological responses, compared to the young group. However, the old and middle-aged subjects used more extreme ratings than the young subjects on both the valence and arousal dimensions. Females were more valence-sensitive than males, but males in general used more extreme ratings of arousal than females. These results suggest a tendency to report increased felt emotion but decreased physiological response to emotional stimuli across the life span.  相似文献   

    

Corine O. van der Bruggen  Susan M. Bögels  Nicole van Zeilst 《Cognition & emotion》2013,27(1):141-149

The relative contribution of child and parent trait anxiety on paternal and maternal controlling behaviour was examined. Thirty-seven children, aged 8–11 years, completed two difficult Tangram puzzles, one with their father and one with their mother. Videotapes of the parent–child interactions were rated on parental control and child dependent and withdrawn behaviour. Results indicated that, opposite to expectations, higher mother and father trait anxiety was associated with lower levels of parental control, and that the relation between parent trait anxiety and parental control was curvilinear. Furthermore, a significant stronger effect between child trait anxiety and parental control was found for boys than for girls. Moreover, more child withdrawal during the parent–child interaction was related to more parental control. The findings offer new insights, which may guide future theories on child and parent anxiety and parental control. Specifically, the role of parent and child gender need further conceptualisation and research.  相似文献   

    

Lorne Loxterkamp  Alvarez Anne 《Journal of Child Psychotherapy》2013,39(1):135-145

Dorothy Judd: Give Sorrow Words: working with a dying child. Published by Free Association Books, 1989. £12.95.

Clifford Yorke, Stanley Wiseberg, Thomas Freeman: Development and Psychopathology — Studies in Psychoanalytic Psychiatry. Published by Yale University Press. £22.50.

Otto Weininger: Children's Phantasies. The Shaping of Relationships. Published by Karnac Books, 1989. £14.95.

Lynn Barnett: Enriching Day Care, 1989. Anna Freud Nursery, 1988. Buddle Lane, 1987. Available from Concorde Video Films Council Ltd., 201 Felixstowe Road, Ipswich, IP3 9BJ. Price £10 to hire, £30 + p.p. &; V.A.T. to buy.  相似文献