Relationship Characteristics Associated with Teen Dating Violence Perpetration

Teen dating violence (TDV) is unstable across dating relationships, suggesting that characteristics of the relationship could be related to TDV. Few empirical studies have examined these links. This study examined associations between relationship characteristics and TDV perpetration among teens and sex differences in those associations. Relationship characteristics examined include tactics used to manipulate partners, ways of responding to relationship problems, relationship duration, exclusivity of the relationship, age difference between partners, and history of sexual intercourse with partner. Data were drawn from 667 teens in a current relationship (62.5% female and 81.4% White) enrolled in the 11th or 12th grade in 14 public schools in a rural U.S. state. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses examined proposed associations. A total of 30.1% and 8.2% of teens reported controlling and physical TDV perpetration, respectively. In multivariable models, frequent use of manipulation tactics increased risk for controlling or physical TDV perpetration. Teens dating a partner 2 or more years younger were at significantly increased risk for both controlling and physical perpetration. A significant interaction emerged between sex and exit or neglect accommodation for physical TDV. Characteristics of a current dating relationship play an important role in determining risk for controlling and physical TDV perpetration.     

Spiritual well-being and its predictors among Iranian adolescent girls, 2014–2015

Today, numerous studies are focused on spiritual well-being. This study aimed to determine the status of spiritual well-being and its predictors among adolescent girls. The participants in this cross-sectional study were 520 adolescents living in Tabriz, Iran. Samples were selected through cluster sampling method. The ‘spiritual well-being’ and ‘socio-demographic characteristics’ questionnaires were used. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine the predictors of spiritual well-being. The mean score of spiritual well-being was 90.22 (SD: 16.25), ranging from 20 to 120. Multivariate linear regression showed a significant relationship between spiritual well-being and the factors including parents’ belief for their children’s participation in religious ceremonies, sufficiency of family income for expenses and type of residence. The results show that the level of spiritual well-being in the girls is average to high, and considering the critical impact of spiritual well-being on the health, strategies are required to improve the adolescents’ spiritual well-being.     

4-6岁儿童言语理解中世界知识运用能力的发展

以90名4-6岁学前儿童作为研究对象,考察了这一年龄段儿童在言语理解中对世界知识的运用能力及其发展特点。实验要求被试确定测试句中代词TA的回指名词,该回指名词需要被试依据相关的世界知识进行判断。实验发现：（1）4-6岁儿童在言语理解中对于世界知识的运用能力随年龄的增长而不断提高。（2）4岁组儿童对世界知识的运用能力水平较低,与其他两组儿童相比存在较显著的差异性;5岁组和6岁组儿童对世界知识的运用能力差异较小。（3）儿童在言语理解中对于不同类型的世界知识的运用能力存在显著性差异。与对现实生活相关的世界知识的运用能力相比,各组儿童对童话语境相关的世界知识的运用能力更为灵活。这一差异性在4-5岁组儿童表现得更为显著。     

Forty Years’ Study of Chinese Philosophy

Since China’s reform and opening up in 1978, the study of Chinese philosophy has proceeded together with the times, not only making tremendous academic progress, but also serving as an important part of research on Chinese culture that undertakes the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and Chinese culture. This essay gives a brief review of the study of Chinese philosophy over the last forty years with particular attention to five aspects, namely the new horizons in the study of Chinese philosophy, the characteristics of Chinese philosophy, the comparison between Chinese and Western philosophy that also involves the “legitimacy” of the former, the relevance of Chinese philosophy for contemporary times, and the basic methodologies of Chinese philosophy.     

动作视频游戏专业玩家的认知神经特征

动作视频游戏是电子竞技中受众最广、心智挑战最高的游戏项目之一。目前对动作视频游戏专业玩家的能力特征了解尚不清晰。以职业选手和排名较高的玩家为对象,横断研究发现动作视频游戏专业玩家具有更快的注意选择、更稳定的持续注意、更好的注意瞬脱表现、更高的多目标追踪能力和工作记忆容量。专业玩家更好的注意表现主要与更高的P3波幅有关,工作记忆表现与背外侧前额叶和右后顶叶等可塑性变化有关。此外,专业玩家还存在中央执行网络与多个脑网络间的功能连接增强。目前游戏训练对认知的促进程度尚不足以弥补专业玩家和新手的认知差距。基础的认知能力对玩家游戏表现的预测有限。未来可扩展更高级的游戏决策,游戏组块或游戏模式的认知研究。     

我国青少年学生现代化特征认识的比较研究

该研究采用问卷测查的方法,对广州、重庆、兰州等地城乡774名中小学生进行了社会现代化特征的调查.结果表明,我国青少年学生对现代化的理解基本正确,对现代化特征认识的涵盖面比较全面,但对现代化的负面影响缺乏必要的认识.此外,青少年学生的生活环境与教育经历很大程度影响着他们对现代化特征的认识面与着重点.     

Born and raised to be a fraudster

Although a great deal of research has focussed on and continues to focus on fraud prevention and detection, there is still no reliable way to predict who will become a white‐collar criminal/fraudster. Significant benefits would result if and when this can be done. This paper recognizes that there are many common characteristics that exist among fraudsters and investigates whether fraud can be predicted based on the psychological, sociological, and environmental state of children throughout their upbringing. Research shows that children with a negative childhood develop negative habits, emotions, and mentalities, including disorders that can linger well into their adult lives. These negative characteristics can ruin relationships and possibly even influence an individual to commit fraud. This paper provides initial evidence regarding the potential significance of some childhood characteristics that may contribute to the likelihood that someone will become a white‐collar criminal. Given that no other similar research exists, this paper may help guide future researchers who are also attempting to solve this complex problem.     

A Metastudy of Journal of Employment Counseling: An Analysis of Publication Patterns From 2000 to 2019

Articles published in the Journal of Employment Counseling from 2000 to 2019 were analyzed for trends over time related to author characteristics (i.e., domicile, gender, work setting, and leading contributors and institutions) and article content (i.e., typology, topical issues, research methodology, characteristics of participants, research design, statistics used, report of effect size and sample reliability and validity).     

Les pratiques d’evaluation utilisees dans les structures de conseil en recrutement : quelques determinants

Referring to the work of Bruchon-Schweitzer & Ferrieux (1991) and Balicco (1999), the present study describes the recruitment practices of different types of organizations (N=327, 134 consulting companies and 193 temporary placement firms). We hypothesised that job position and recruiter characteristics (sex, age, level and type of education, status, and recruitment experience) would influence the use of selection techniques. Results revealed that choice of selection techniques is not based on a scientific evaluation of applicants. Job position seems to strongly determine use of personality assessment techniques. Further, recruiter characteristics only seem to determine choice of less valid techniques. In the discussion, a theoretical model of choices made by recruiters and some courses of action are proposed.     

初中生的自尊、受益者特征与亲社会行为的关系

以初中一至三年级学生为对象,采用自尊量表（SES）和帮助行为调查问卷进行测查,以探讨自尊、受助者特征对其亲社会行为的影响。结果表明：（1）在社会道德认知和自我意愿层面上,大多数初中生能表现出积极的亲社会性助人趋向,部分学生的行为决策判定具有不一致性;（2）初中生的自尊程度不影响对他人需要的注意、归因以及行为方式的选择,但与帮助行为的价值取向、行为意愿等认知、情感因素有关,能直接影响自主性的亲社会行为;（3）初中生有关潜在受益者特征的某种认知结果及其相应的情感体验,对帮助型亲社会行为趋向有重要影响;（4）初中生的自尊及其所知觉的潜在量益者特征在亲社会行为趋向中交互作用不显著。