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231.
Drawing upon Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory, most research on hindrance demands has focused on the antecedent role of work engagement. However, no studies have analysed the potential effects of hindrance demands as moderators in the engagement-job satisfaction link. The objective of this study was to examine the moderator effect of role stressors (conflict and ambiguity) as hindrance demands in the relationship between work engagement and job satisfaction in a Spanish working sample. The sample was composed of 634 Spanish workers from different Southern service organizations. Hierarchical multiple regression results showed that the association between work engagement and job satisfaction decreased when role stress (particularly ambiguity) increased. These results underline the need to clarify goals, specify norms about work and member roles in organizations and determine the deleterious effect of hindrance demands even in engaged workers. 相似文献
232.
James J. Annesi 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2020,61(5):625-633
Maintaining loss of weight beyond an initial 6–9 months remains problematic, with research indicating little recent progress. A poor understanding of how and when prior weight loss, behavioral changes, and psychosocial predictors are associated with long-term weight changes persists. To better-inform behavioral treatments for long-term success with weight loss, women with obesity (N = 86; Mage = 48.6 years) volunteered for research incorporating community-based weight-management treatments. They were assessed at months 6, 12, and 24 on theory-based psychosocial and behavioral factors, and over 24 months on weight. Considering the included times and temporal ranges, it was found that change in weight from month 6–24 was the strongest predictor of 24-month weight change, and physical activity and fruit/vegetable intake at month 24 best predicted that change in weight. Self-regulation, self-efficacy, and mood at month 24 best predicted both physical activity and fruit/vegetable intake at month 24, with body satisfaction also a significant predictor of physical activity. From these data, mediation analyses found that the predictions of long-term weight loss by scores of self-regulation, self-efficacy, body satisfaction, and mood at month 24 were significantly mediated by fruit/vegetable intake and physical activity in separate equations. Findings indicated both psychosocial and behavioral targets, and timing for those targets, most indicative of long-term success with weight loss. 相似文献
233.
234.
Health psychology is a growing field generating exciting advances in theory, research, and applications that significantly improve the lives of individuals, shape the medical profession, and inform global public policy. For over 40 years, the field has been guided by the biopsychosocial model (Engel, 1977), an interdisciplinary and multifaceted model that posits the interrelations among the biological, psychological, and socio-environmental influences on health and disease. The theoretical implications and empirical research that it has generated have been vast. In The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Disease: New philosophical and scientific developments, Derek Bolton and Grant Gillett (2019) present a summary of four decades of scholarship. They conclude that the model has fallen short clinically, scientifically, and philosophically. Although their book is timely, well-written, thought-provoking, and designed to highlight weaknesses that could drive science and practice forward, their criticisms are not fully convincing and are open to debate. The contributions this book could make may be to challenge a new generation of scholars and scientists to demonstrate that the biopsychosocial model is more relevant than ever, especially as areas such as social genomics, psychoneuroimmunology, health disparities, and global health become more important. Despite interesting philosophical challenges presented by Bolton and Gillett, theory, research, and practice focused on health, disability, illness, and wellness should remain grounded in the biopsychosocial model. 相似文献
235.
Robert L. Altman Daniel S. Messinger Lynn K. Perry 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2020,17(5):773-785
ABSTRACT The present study validates a new procedure that combines continuous measures of proximity (Ubisense) and vocalization (LENA) into measures of peer social interaction. The data were collected from 4 boys and 5 girls (ages 2–3 at the outset) on 8 separate days (3–4 hours per day) over the course of an academic year. Teacher reports of friendship were positively correlated with continuous measures of dyadic social interaction (i.e., the amount of time two children spent in proximity to one another, talking). Self-reports of reciprocated friendship were marginally correlated with continuous measures of dyadic social interaction, but only in the spring semester (when children were older and their reports of friendship more reliable). At the individual level, peer nominations of likeability, and teacher ratings of sociability and withdrawal were correlated with continuous measures of social interaction (i.e., the amount of time a child spent in proximity to other children, talking). 相似文献
236.
Approach/avoidance motivation, message framing, and health behavior: understanding the congruency effect 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Health messages framed to be congruent with individuals’ approach/avoidance motivations have been found to be more effective
in promoting health behaviors than health messages incongruent with approach/avoidance motivations. This study examines the
processes underlying this congruency effect. Participants (undergraduate students, N=67) completed a measure of approach/avoidance orientation (the BIS/BAS scales) and read either a gain- or loss-framed message
promoting dental flossing. Results demonstrated a congruency effect: Participants who read a congruently framed message had
greater flossing efficacy, intended to floss more, and used more dental flosses than did the participants who read an incongruent
message. Moreover, intention to perform the behavior predicted the congruency effect and self-efficacy mediated participants’
intentions to perform the health behavior. Discussion centers on the role of personality factors and situational factors in
models of behavior change.
相似文献
David K. ShermanEmail: |
237.
The present study examined the factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity of the parent version of the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation-30 for preschoolers (SCBE-30; LaFreniere, P. J. (1990). Social competence and behavior evaluation-30. Unpublished measure.), an adaptation of the validated teacher version of the same measure (LaFreniere & Dumas, Psychol. Asses. 8 (1996) 369). The parent version of the SCBE-30 is a 30-item Likert rating scale questionnaire designed to assess patterns of anxiety/withdrawal, anger/aggression, and social competence. Principal components analysis was used to identify the factor structure of the parent version of the SCBE-30 (N = 218 preschool children). To assess construct validity, a compliance task was utilized to determine whether children identified as high on anxiety/withdrawal, anger/aggression, or social competence with the parent version of the SCBE-30 (n = 20 for each group) could be distinguished behaviorally on several observational variables. Principal components analysis identified three factors accounting for 44% of the variance. Ten items positively loaded onto each factor and matched conceptual expectations. A between-subjects MANOVA demonstrated significant group differences in observed child behaviors including compliance, noncompliance, subtypes of noncompliance, and aversive behavior. Results of the current study suggested that the parent version of the SCBE-30 demonstrated both internal consistency and construct validity, and findings paralleled many of the results from LaFreniere and Dumas' validation of the teacher version of the SCBE-30. 相似文献
238.
Jonathan W. Kanter Patrick S. Mulick Andrew M. Busch Kristoffer S. Berlin Christopher R. Martell 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(3):191-202
In Behavioral Activation (BA) for depression (Martell, C. R., Addis, M. E., & Jacobson, N. S. (2001)), which has recently
received empirical support in a large randomized trial, therapists pay close attention to the function of behavior and the
role of aversive controlling stimuli and escape and avoidance behavior in depression. A key variable to measure in studies
of BA is when and how clients become more activated over the course of treatment. This study sought to develop an initial
set of items for the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS), submit these items to an exploratory factor analysis
in an initial administration (Study 1, N = 391), and submit the resulting scale to a confirmatory factor analysis in a second administration (Study 2, N = 319). Results indicated four factors (Activation, Avoidance/Rumination, Work/School Impairment, and Social Impairment)
with good factor structure, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Evidence for construct and predictive validity
is presented. 相似文献
239.
Incremental Validity of Cognitions in a Clinical Case Formulation: An Intraindividual Test in a Case Example 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gregory H. Mumma Scott R. Mooney 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(1):17-28
Incremental validity, the ability of a measure to predict or explain variance over and above other measures, is an important
psychometric characteristic of standardized measures, but has received little attention idiographically. Idiographic assessment
may be an important part of developing a clinical case formulation, guiding treatment by developing an individualized understanding
of the variables that trigger and maintain distress. This study examined whether the idiosyncratic cognitive schema hypothesized
by a clinician in a cognitive case formulation explained distress incrementally over that of situational triggers. Using daily
ratings of situational triggers, idiosyncratic cognitions, and distress, the incremental validity of cognitions in predicting
each of six distress measures was tested in a case example using dynamic time series regression. The incremental variance
explained by cognitions varied across the distress measures, suggesting that, in this case example, targeting thoughts and
beliefs for treatment may be important for only certain types of distress.
相似文献
Gregory H. MummaEmail: |
240.