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161.
《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2013,42(4):199-207
Cognitions are hypothesized to play a central role in panic disorder (PD). Previous studies have used questionnaires to assess cognitive content, focusing on prototypical cognitions associated with PD; however, few studies have qualitatively examined cognitions associated with the feared consequences of panic attacks. The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis of feared consequences of panic attacks. The initial, qualitative analysis resulted in the development of 32 categories of feared consequences. The categories were derived from participant responses to a standardized, semi-structured question (n?=?207). Five expert-derived categories were then utilized to quantitatively examine the relationship between cognitions and indicators of PD severity. Cognitions did not predict PD severity; however, correlational analyses indicated some predictive validity to the expert-derived categories. The qualitative analysis identified additional areas of patient-reported concern not included in previous research that may be important in the assessment and treatment of PD. 相似文献
162.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Arnold et al.’s Parenting Scale Across Race, Age, and Sex 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Bryan T. Karazsia Manfred H. M. van Dulmen Beth G. Wildman 《Journal of child and family studies》2008,17(4):500-516
We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to investigate the factor structure of several models of Arnold et al.’s Parenting
Scale [Arnold et al. (1993). Psychological Assessment, 5, 137–144] across children from various age groups and races. Participants were parents of children (ages 2–16 years) presenting
to four community-based pediatric practices for routine care. Parents completed questionnaires pertaining to various aspects
of parenting and child behavior problems. Results indicated that a two-factor revision proposed by Reitman et al. [(2001).
Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 514–524] represented the data well and better than the original three-factor structure and other two-factor models. Results
from multigroup CFA analyses indicated that this factor structure did not vary across child sex, child age, and parental race.
Results of validity analyses indicated that scores on both factors were related to reports of children’s behavior and parental
affect and cognitions. This study was the first to use multigroup CFA procedures to demonstrate that relationships between
individual items and factors of the Parenting Scale are similar for parents of children across various age groups. 相似文献
163.
This study analyzed family influences on treatment refusal in school-linked mental health services (SLMHS). Specifically,
it assessed whether levels of family cohesion, conflict, and organization were related to whether a family refused to initiate
recommended treatment. Children (N = 133) referred for emotional and behavioral problems and their families participated. Results indicated that (1) family
environment factors explained a significant amount of variance in treatment refusal after controlling for demographic factors,
(2) families of children with predominantly internalizing symptoms were at greater risk for refusing treatment than families
of children with predominantly externalizing symptoms, and (3) lower level of family cohesion was an individual risk factor
for refusing treatment. Incorporating an evaluation of family environment within SLMHS assessments may aid in the identification
of areas wherein intervention may be beneficial in preventing treatment refusal. 相似文献
164.
课程嵌入型表现性评定是当前基础教育新课程改革倡导的重要的学生学业评价方式。以335名初中一年级学生为被试,采用为期一学年的追踪实验研究方式,探索课程嵌入型表现性评定对数学问题解决的影响效果。研究结果表明,此方式对学生的数学问题解决能力发展具有显著促进作用,且促进作用随实验进程不断增加并受到学生原有学业水平的影响。对口语报告资料的分析进一步表明,此评定方式对数学问题解决的促进作用主要体现在理解问题、元认知与问题解决策略等方面。 相似文献
165.
Thompson E. Davis III Thomas H. Ollendick Marie Nebel-Schwalm 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(1):43-51
Intellectual and achievement deficits associated with childhood anxiety disorders are of considerable controversy. Part of
this controversy and inconsistency in findings appears related to methodological differences in studies: anxiety disorders
are defined as occurring anywhere in the diagnostic profile (e.g., primary, secondary, or tertiary) in some studies whereas
in other studies anxiety disorders are defined only when primary (excluding secondary or tertiary disorders). Results in the
present study broadly parallel findings from the previous studies when the procedures inherent to each study are replicated.
Through careful diagnostic assignment, it is shown that anxiety disorders are no more impairing than other psychiatric disorders
in the present study. However, when compared to referred children without significant psychopathology, children with anxiety
disorders show statistically and clinically significant impairment. Subsequent analyses do not suggest inattention mediates
this effect. Discussion emphasizes the need to assess for and consider comorbidity in understanding these differences.
A portion of these findings were presented at the 40th annual meetings of the Association for Cognitive and Behavioral Therapies
(2006). 相似文献
166.
Gregory W. Schrimsher Sid E. O’Bryant Judith R. O’Jile Patricia B. Sutker 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(3):235-240
Patients from two neuropsychology clinics (n = 283) were divided into model development (n = 189) and validation samples (n = 94) with proportional representation from each clinic. Three regression based models of four WAIS-III subtests were developed
and cross-validated to evaluate their FSIQ estimation accuracy: (1) an optimized stepwise regression model derived from the
development sample (Comprehension, Matrix Reasoning, Similarities, and Picture Arrangement), (2) an a priori WASI based model (Similarities, Matrix Reasoning, Vocabulary, and Block Design), and (3) an a priori model with relatively rapidly administered subtests from each Index Score factor of the WAIS-III (Information, Picture Completion,
Arithmetic, and Digit Symbol-Coding). The models produced good (92 to 97%) FSIQ estimation accuracy within 10 points of FSIQ
with none of these models performing significantly better than another. The utility of clinical use of short form FSIQ estimation
is a function of accuracy needed versus administration time reduction and ease for the patient. 相似文献
167.
Parental Cognitive Errors Mediate Parental Psychopathology and Ratings of Child Inattention 下载免费PDF全文
Lauren M. Haack Yuan Jiang Kevin Delucchi Nina Kaiser Keith McBurnett Stephen Hinshaw Linda Pfiffner 《Family process》2017,56(3):716-733
We investigate the Depression‐Distortion Hypothesis in a sample of 199 school‐aged children with ADHD‐Predominantly Inattentive presentation (ADHD‐I) by examining relations and cross‐sectional mediational pathways between parental characteristics (i.e., levels of parental depressive and ADHD symptoms) and parental ratings of child problem behavior (inattention, sluggish cognitive tempo, and functional impairment) via parental cognitive errors. Results demonstrated a positive association between parental factors and parental ratings of inattention, as well as a mediational pathway between parental depressive and ADHD symptoms and parental ratings of inattention via parental cognitive errors. Specifically, higher levels of parental depressive and ADHD symptoms predicted higher levels of cognitive errors, which in turn predicted higher parental ratings of inattention. Findings provide evidence for core tenets of the Depression‐Distortion Hypothesis, which state that parents with high rates of psychopathology hold negative schemas for their child's behavior and subsequently, report their child's behavior as more severe. 相似文献
168.
IntroductionGeneralization of treatment is considered a difficult task for clinicians and people who stutter (PWS), and can constitute a barrier to long-term treatment success. To our knowledge, there are no standardized tests that collect measurement of the behavioral and cognitive aspects alongside the client's self-perception in real-life speaking situations.PurposeThis paper describes the preliminary development of a Stuttering Generalization Self-Measure (SGSM). The purpose of SGSM is to assess 1) stuttering severity and 2) speech-anxiety level during real-life situations as perceived by PWS. Additionally, this measurement aims to 3) investigate correlations between stuttering severity and speech-anxiety level within the same real-life situation.MethodThe SGSM initially reported includes nine speaking situations designed that are developed to cover a variety of frequent speaking scenario situations. However, two of these were less commonly encountered by participants and subsequently not included in the final analyses. Items were created according to five listener categories (family and close friends, acquaintances, strangers, persons of authority, and giving a short speech to small audience). Forty-three participants (22 PWS, and 21 control) aged 18 to 53 years were asked to complete the assessment in real-life situations.ResultsAnalyses indicated that test-retest reliability was high for both groups. Discriminant validity was also achieved as the SGSM scores significantly differed between the controls and PWS two groups for stuttering and speech-anxiety. Convergent validity was confirmed by significant correlations between the SGSM and other speech-related anxiety measures. 相似文献
169.
María Purificación Vicente-Galindo Helena López-Herrera Ignacio Pedrosa Javier Suárez-Álvarez María Purificación Galindo-Villardón Eduardo García-Cueto 《International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology》2017,17(1):46-55
Background/Objective: Emotional intelligence is a variable which has been the subject of significantly increased research in recent years. Relationships have been shown with both physical and psychological problems. The aim of this study is to analyse the direct and indirect effect that emotional intelligence exerts over the manifestation of physical and psychological clinical symptomatology and to severe disorders such as burnout syndrome in a professional group in which social function is fundamental. Method: So that, 881 Latin-American catholic priests (Mage = 45.89; SDage = 11.58) were evaluated using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-22 and the General Health Questionnaire-28. Results: Using path analysis, emotional intelligence, especially Attention and Emotional Clarity, shows a high effect on psychological and somatic issues. Conclusions: Thus, both specific disorders and general well-being are related to emotional intelligence. Providing effective emotional intelligence training sessions seems to be able to reduce possible physical and emotional disorders. 相似文献
170.
Beate P. Winterstein Paul J. Silvia Thomas R. Kwapil James C. Kaufman Roni Reiter-Palmon Benjamin Wigert 《Personality and individual differences》2011,51(8):920-924
The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales—the Perceptual Aberration, Magical Ideation, Physical Anhedonia, and Revised Social Anhedonia Scales—have been used extensively since their development in the 1970s and 1980s. Based on psychometric analyses using item response theory, the present work presents 15-item short forms of each scale. In addition to being briefer, the short forms omit items with high differential item functioning. Based on data from a sample of young adults (n = 1144), the short forms have strong internal consistency, and they mirror effects found for the longer scales. They thus appear to be a good option for researchers interested in the brief assessment of schizotypic traits. The items are listed in an Appendix A. 相似文献