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181.
182.
以六城市2630名中学生为被试,用问卷法考察中学生亲子依恋、父母亲密和社会适应的状况,发现:(1)中学生母子依恋质量高于父子依恋质量;男生的父子沟通、母子疏离和父子疏离的得分显著高于女生;随年级升高,亲子依恋质量显著下降;(2)亲子依恋各维度与社会适应各维度存在显著相关.积极社会适应四维度上的得分,存在双亲安全依恋型>一方安全依恋型(父子安全-母子不安全型和父子不安全-母子安全型)>双亲不安全依恋型的情况,消极社会适应的得分则恰好相反;(3)父母亲密能够调节亲子依恋对社会适应的预测作用. 相似文献
183.
Jean E. Dumas Jenelle Nissley-Tsiopinis Angela D. Moreland 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(1):1-26
Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to the process of engagement in preventive parenting groups, we tested the ability
of family and child measures to predict intent to enroll, enrollment, attendance, and quality of participation in PACE (Parenting
Our Children to Excellence). PACE is a prevention trial testing the efficacy of a structured program to promote effective
parenting and reduce risk of adverse child outcomes. Mothers of preschoolers (N=451) from diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds participated at two sites. Results showed that mothers who stated
their intent to enroll reported relatively few time constraints but high levels of stress, as did mothers who enrolled. The
latter also experienced elevated levels of oppositional defiant child behaviors, indicating that the program reached families
who stood to benefit from it. Attendance, which was also best predicted by few time constraints, was high (with 49% of mothers
who enrolled attending 5 or more of 8 sessions). In turn, attendance predicted quality of participation (at 1 site only),
with mothers attending more sessions participating more actively and enthusiastically. Ethnicity and, with a few exceptions,
socioeconomic circumstances and site, were not significant predictors of intent, enrollment, or attendance. Results provide
qualified support for the TPB and illustrate its relevance to preventive research and interventions. 相似文献
184.
Differences in emotional- and identity-relatedness with parents were explored across two cultural groups (863 university students from the USA and Turkey, representing individualist and collectivist societies, respectively) in Study 1 , and across two socioeconomic status (SES) groups (353 high school students from the upper and lower SES in Turkey) in Study 2 . In both studies, within-cultural differences in emotional- and identity-relatedness with parents were also explored in terms of: (i) self-directed and other-directed value orientations; and (ii) self-types, as suggested by the Balanced Integration-Differentiation Model. Results indicated cultural groups to be quite similar in emotional-relatedness, but to differ in relatedness of identities, with Turks reporting more related identities. Similarly, in Turkey, SES seemed to have more impact on identities than on emotional closeness, the lower SES adolescents reporting more relatedness with parents than upper SES adolescents. Thus, relatedness of identities appeared to be more important than emotional relatedness in differentiating between cultural and SES contexts. Results involving different self-types and value orientations pointed to both cross-cultural similarities and within-cultural diversity in the two domains of relatedness. Theoretical implications of cross- and within-culture differences in emotional- and identity-relatedness with parents are discussed. 相似文献
185.
本研究采用父母教养控制源量表(PLOC)对351名外来务工人员子女和本地儿童父母教养方式进行了调查分析,结果表明,外来务工人员和本地家长在效能感、子女对家长生活的控制及家长对机遇的信念等因素上差异显著。 相似文献
186.
This study examines participants’ perceptions of four different male and female parent groups (married, divorced, step and never‐married parents) and, as a comparison group, of men and women in general. Using an independent groups design, in which participants made estimations of the percentage of a single specified group possessing particular characteristics, it is found that perceptions of married parents tend to be more positive than perceptions of other groups. The never‐married tend to be viewed least positively. Overall, perceptions of mothers are typically more favourable than those of fathers. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
187.
This study investigated the equivalence of different types of informants, such as children (or early adolescents) and parents, in evaluating child externalizing and internalizing problems. We applied a polytomous item response theory (IRT) model for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We obtained responses to three subscales—Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity/Inattention, and Emotional Symptoms—from 541 elementary school students aged 10–12 years, fathers for 233 students, mothers for 275 students, and the homeroom teachers for 524 students. Expected values on the individual item calculated by the discrimination and threshold parameters were compared among students, fathers, and mothers as an investigation of differential item functioning (DIF) or differential informant functioning. Assessing either externalizing or internalizing problems were mostly equivalent between fathers and mothers, and most items for externalizing problems functioned equally between students and parents, whereas items for internalizing problems showed DIF between them. IRT also yielded that the intervals of response categories varied across items, particularly for the conduct problems items “fight” and “steal,” and positively worded items showed an extremely low threshold. 相似文献
188.
Julie Poehlmann-Tynan Ashleigh Engbretson Abra B. Vigna Lindsay A. Weymouth Cynthia Burnson Carolyn Zahn-Waxler Amita Kapoor Emily D. Gerstein Kerrie A. Fanning Charles L. Raison 《Infant mental health journal》2020,41(1):126-144
This study tests a group-based secular contemplative practice intervention, Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT), with parents of young children. We report on a randomized controlled preliminary efficacy study. Certified teachers administered CBCT for 20 hr across 8 to 10 weeks in two cohorts of parents with infants and young children. The intervention group was compared to a waitlist control group. Thirty-nine parents and their children, who ranged in age from 4 months to 5 years, were evaluated at pre- and postintervention (n = 25 intervention, n = 14 waitlist control) on hair cortisol concentration. Parents also completed self-administered questionnaires at both time points regarding demographics, physical symptoms of stress, parenting stress, self-compassion, and mindfulness. Children of parents in the CBCT group experienced significant decreases in cortisol at the postintervention assessment, as compared with the control group. However, parent cortisol and self-report measures did not significantly change other than a small effect on clinical levels of parenting stress. CBCT may be a positive new way to intervene with parents to lower infants’ and young children's cumulative physiological stress. 相似文献
189.
Parent Involvement in School Conceptualizing Multiple Dimensions and Their Relations with Family and Demographic Risk Factors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gwynne O. Kohl Liliana J. Lengua Robert J. McMahon Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group 《Journal of School Psychology》2000,38(6):501-523
Parent involvement (PI) in school is associated with more positive academic performance and social competence in children. However, there are inadequacies in current measures of PI and a need for a better understanding of predictors of PI. In this study, measures were obtained from a normative sample of 387 children in kindergarten and first grade from high-risk neighborhoods in 4 different sites. First, a confirmatory factor analysis of a theoretical factor model of PI identified 6 reliable multiple-reporter PI factors: Parent–Teacher Contact, Parent Involvement at School, Quality of Parent–Teacher Relationship, Teacher's Perception of the Parent, Parent Involvement at Home, and Parent Endorsement of School. Next, the relations among 3 specific family and demographic risk factors—parental education level, maternal depression, and single-parent status—and these 6 PI factors were examined using path analyses in structural equation modeling. Results indicated that the 3 risk factors were differentially associated with the 6 PI factors: Parental education was significantly associated with 4 PI outcomes, maternal depression was significantly associated with 5 PI outcomes, and single-parent status was significantly associated with 3 PI outcomes. No significant ethnic group differences between African American and Caucasian families were found in these relations. 相似文献
190.