教师教学自主权与教师领导力的关系：心理授权和教学自主性的中介作用

教师领导力是指教师在课堂内外带领同事提升专业技能,与其他教师和校长合作处理学校事务的一种专业特质。为探究教师教学自主权与教师领导力的关系,以及教师心理授权和教学自主性的中介作用,从而寻求提升教师领导力的路径,研究选取403名中小学教师进行问卷调查。结果发现：（1）教学自主权与教师领导力呈显著正相关,且前者对后者有显著直接效应;（2）教师心理授权和教学自主性分别在教学自主权与教师领导力间发挥部分中介作用;（3）教师心理授权和教学自主性在教学自主权对教师领导力间发挥部分链式中介作用,即教学自主权的提高会促进教师心理授权和教学自主性的提升,进而促进教师领导力的发展。     

Depression Screening,Assessment, and Treatment for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Review for Psychologists

Depression prevalence is between 15% and 20% in coronary heart disease patients, such as those with angina, or after a myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The presence of depression places a coronary heart disease patient at twofold higher risk for further major cardiac events and death, as well as poor quality of life and early exit from the labour force. As a consequence, several learned societies, including the National Heart Foundation of Australia, have published guidelines that recommend questionnaire screening to improve identification and management strategies for depression in coronary heart disease patients. Psychologists in hospitals, community settings, and private practice can have a key role in the realisation of the National Heart Foundation of Australia's aims. We review the recent guidelines and outline implications for psychologists to identify and manage depression in coronary heart disease patients. The evidence reviewed suggests that cognitive‐behavioural therapy and problem‐solving therapy are frontline non‐pharmacological interventions for depression in CHD patients.     

Janteloven and the Expression of Pride in Norway and the United States

The current study tested how culture may affect the interpretation of the expression of pride among Norwegian and U.S. participants. Our results show that participants from Norway ascribed more negative trait attributions to a target person expressing pride than U.S. participants. It is proposed that Janteloven is responsible for the differences in these trait attributions, and we interpret the results from a “closed-system” and “open-system” (Mayr, 1976) perspective.     

When to cooperate and when to compete: Emotional intelligence in interpersonal decision-making

This study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), assessed with an ability test, and interpersonal decision-making using the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game (PDG). Previous research found that individuals who self-report high EI tend to cooperate more than others in the Prisoner’s Dilemma. We relativize these findings by showing that individuals scoring high on an ability measure of EI choose effective strategies to deal with three different PDG conditions during real interactions. This suggests that emotionally intelligent individuals are not rigidly predisposed to cooperate regardless of others’ behavior. Instead, EI is associated with the capacity to respond flexibly to others’ strategies and to the interaction context in order to maximize long-term gains – even when this means competing rather than cooperating.     

帕金森病诊断标记物系统回顾与展望

本篇综述总结了帕金森病的诊断、鉴别诊断和病程监测的各领域的生物学标记物的研究进展。其中重点介绍了神经影像学和生物化学领域的生物学标记物,也是当前研究较为成熟的两大领域。神经影像学标记物以多巴胺能影像及非多巴胺能影像为代表,生物化学标记物为包括a一突触核蛋白在内的多种蛋白和激素,两者的结合能够有效提高疾病诊断的特异性和灵敏性。同时文章还介绍了当前研究的热点——帕金森病的前驱诊断手段,即在疾病典型的运动症状和非运动症状出现前便可预测帕金森病的诊断手段。     

炎症性肠病的药物治疗现状及进展

炎症性肠病（IBD）病程迁延反复,影响患者生活质量,耗费卫生资源。虽然传统药物如5-氨基水杨酸、糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂等仍是目前治疗主流,但是大量有关发病机制的研究以及循证医学的发展对IBD的治疗产生了积极的推进作用。IBD的治疗正步入免疫调节的生物学时代,多种新型生物制剂的出现为IBD的治疗提供了新的策略和选择。现就目前IBD药物治疗现状以及最新进展进行综述,以期对临床IBD治疗提供参考。     

Narcotrend监测下右美托咪定对冠心病患者麻醉诱导期血流动力学的影响

观察Narcotrend监测下右美托咪定联合丙泊酚靶控输注用于冠心病患者非心脏手术麻醉诱导时对血流动力学的影响.合并冠心痛行非心脏手术患者40例,随机分为两组：Dex组（n=20,患者在诱导前静脉泵注右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,15min内输注完毕）,对照组（n=20,等量生理盐水,方法同Dex组）.记录给药前后及诱导期间患者的血流动力学变化.对照组在气管插管即刻以及气管插管3min后血流动力学指标值均高于插管前,气管插管5min后平均动脉压（MAP）低于插管前（P＜0.05）,Dex组无明显差异.麻醉诱导前15min静脉注射0.5μg/kg右美托咪定可以使冠心病患者丙泊酚靶控输注诱导期间血流动力学更加平稳.     

阿尔茨海默病的诊治新进展

流行病学数据的更新表明阿尔茨海默病（A D ）已成为全球健康问题。早期应用生物标志物的AD新诊断标准广泛应用和临床试验不断失败的鲜明反差提示AD治疗的艰巨性。AD和其他慢性疾病的共病研究不断深入。生活方式干预作为非药物治疗备受重视。     

基层医院实施《诊疗与防控手足口病指南》的困境

探讨实施卫生部所颁发的手足口病诊疗与防控指南存在的难点.通过实践,依据指南,笔者将近几年工作中所遇到处理各种肠道病毒感染病例存在的问题加以分析,列出实施指南存在诸多临床及非临床的影响因素,包括：（1）上报、隔离引起的矛盾;（2）诊断、治疗、转诊引起的矛盾;（3）处理肠道病毒71型（EV71）感染、疱疹性咽峡炎等与手足口病的矛盾.较多的矛盾令基层医院依照目前的指南难以良好地开展工作,期待更完善的指南以及各地医疗主管部门制定切合实际的、可行的、各种具体的防控预案.