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41.
The role of stable individual differences for political ideologies is quite undisputed. Herein, we add texture to the recent finding that dispositional altruism plays a noteworthy role for political orientation. More precisely, besides aiming to replicate this link, we assumed that altruism also influences hypothetical and actual voting behavior as well as endorsement of specific, currently debated political agendas. In a study which comprised two times of measurement prior to and after a nation-wide election in Germany, support for these hypotheses was obtained. Indeed, dispositional altruism was shown to consistently predict both attitudinal and behavioral criteria in the realm of politics. 相似文献
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Kenneth J. Harris Paul Harvey K. Michele Kacmar 《Journal of business and psychology》2009,24(2):153-164
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between social stressors and the outcomes of job satisfaction,
altruism, and turnover intentions. Additionally, this study examined the moderating impact of individuals’ core self-evaluations
on these relationships.
Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from a branch of the state government in the southeast. Responses were received from 144 employees. Supervisors
provided responses as well, and the matched dyads where both supervisor and subordinate responses were received numbered 133.
Findings We found that social stressors were negatively related to job satisfaction and altruism and positively related to turnover
intentions. Results also indicated that higher core self-evaluations buffered the negative influence of social stressors on
job satisfaction and turnover intention, but not altruism.
Implications Our results reinforce the notion that social stressors exhibit significant negative associations with desired job consequences.
Another managerial implication relates to managers when filling vacant positions. When completing this task, managers need
to honestly and accurately assess the social stressors present in their organization. When social stressors are high, managers
should seek to hire individuals who possess higher core self-evaluations.
Originality/value This study employed a different theoretical perspective, conservation of resources theory, and extended the nomological network
related to social stressors. Additionally, this study showed the important moderating impact that core self-evaluations can
have on other relationships, whereas the large majority of previous studies have examined core self-evaluations as a main
effect predictor of important organizational outcomes.
Received and Reviewed by former editor, George Neuman. 相似文献
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Carolyn E. Schwartz Penelope M. Keyl John P. Marcum Rita Bode 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2009,10(4):431-448
Objectives Adults who engage in altruistic social interest behaviors experience better mental health and have lower mortality rates
than non-altruistic adults. The present study investigated the relationship between altruism and health and well-being in
teens, and demographic and lifestyle variables. Methods A cross-sectional survey was implemented with a national sample of teens recruited through the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.).
Measures included the PedsQL, the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, and a new self-report scale of Altruism (subscales:
Receiving/ Providing Emotional Support, Family Helping Behavior, General Helping Behavior, and Helping Orientation). Results Data were collected from 457 teens (M age = 15.6, sd 1.2). Psychometric analyses revealed that a five-factor model fit the
altruism data well. Multivariate regression revealed no association between providing emotional support and psychosocial health.
There were, however, many associations between altruism and well-being, and differential associations by gender. Family helping
was the most salient aspect of altruism for males, showing associations with positive social relations, purpose in life, and
self-acceptance. For females, General Helping Behavior was associated with positive social relations, and Helping Orientation
was associated with better purpose in life. Family Helping was associated with better physical health in females, but not
for males. The only correlates of altruism were higher age, more physical activity, and engaging in positive religious coping.
Conclusions Altruism is positively associated with health for females and with well-being for both males and females. Different gender-specific
interventions to guide teens in doing more altruistic activities may have to be designed to capitalize on these different
associations.
相似文献
Carolyn E. SchwartzEmail: |
45.
Dangerous driving behaviours, as a direct cause of accidents and death, are the focus of considerable research attention. However, unlike unsafe driving behaviours, few studies have explored safe driving behaviours and their effects on road traffic. This study aims to verify the Chinese version of the Prosocial and Aggressive Driving Inventory (PADI) and then investigate the relationship between personality and aggressive/prosocial driving behaviours. A total of 303 licensed drivers were recruited, and they voluntarily and anonymously completed the PADI, the Driving Behaviours Questionnaire (DBQ), and personality scales (anger, sensation-seeking and altruism). The results of this research confirmed the reliability and validity of the Chinese PADI. Most importantly, it was found that different relationships between different personalities and aggressive/prosocial driving behaviours. Specifically, individuals with high altruism exhibited more prosocial driving behaviours, while individuals with high sensation seeking presented more aggressive driving behaviours. The importance of these findings lies in two main potential implications: developing an effective measurement of prosocial driving behaviours in China and providing favourable evidence to guide drivers toward more prosocial driving behaviours. 相似文献