Measuring post-traumatic stress: A psychometric evaluation of symptom- and coping questionnaires based on a Norwegian sample

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Norweigian versions of the Impact of Event Scale, the Post Traumatic Stress Scale-10 item version and General Coping Questionnaire-30 item version. A group of 40 male and 56 female medical students was tested one week and four months after having started dissection of cadavers for the first time. The results showed that all scales had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The student sample scored lower on the IES and PTSS-10 than comparable groups of traumatized subjects. A gender difference emerged, with female subjects scoring higher than male subjects. The factor analysis of the instruments indicated good construct validity for the symptom scales. The analysis of content validity related to DSM IV criteria indicated that the IES and PTSS-10 may have some limitations in their predictive validity of PTSD. Taken together, the three scales have shown good psychometric properties and could be used in future research and clinical work.     

中学生应对方式的初步研究

用经过信效度检验的自编中学生应对方式量表对１２５４名中学生的测量结果表明,我国中学生对挫折和烦恼的应对方式主要是问题解决、求助、退避、发泄、幻想和忍耐;女生比男生更多采用发泄和忍耐应对,男生比女生更多采用幻想应对;重点中学学生比普通中学学生更多采用问题解决应对,而较少采用幻想和退避应对;随着年龄的发展中学生应对方式的变化趋势不明显。     

认知风格理论研究的进展

认知风格理论的研究从20世纪40年代开始,不同的研究者提出了不同的认知风格理论,并从单一的划分维度发展到多维度综合理论。而认知风格的应用也从教育领域扩大到了职业等其他领域,从而有了更广阔的研究范围。     

师生认知方式与藏族双语儿童学业成绩关系研究

以藏族双语儿童和任课教师为被试,采用北师大心理系编制的CSFT工具,测查了师生认知方式相互作用对双语儿童学业成绩的影响,研究结果表明：师生认知方式的相互关系对学生的学业成绩有显著的影响,这种影响与学科性质、学习任务有关;双语儿童的认知方式是影响其汉语文、数学成绩的重要因素;不周性别师生认知方式的相互匹配对其汉语文的学习有显著影响;师生认知方式的相互作用对双语儿童学习成绩的影响并非是线性的,师生间性别、认知方式相互作用都是影响双语儿童学业成绩的重要变量。     

Organizational Justice,Change Anxiety,and Acceptance of Downsizing: Preliminary Tests of an AET-Based Model

This study tested an AET-based model that integrates cognitions (justice perceptions) and emotions (change anxiety) to explain the effects of change program characteristics on employees' acceptance of downsizing and other work attitudes. Seventy-one employees from an organization that was undergoing downsizing participated in the study. Path analyses and a Q index of .992 offered preliminary support for the proposed model by showing that procedural justice and change anxiety explained the effects of change management procedures on acceptance of downsizing, while interactional justice and change anxiety explained the effects of the quality of change communications on trust in the change managers. Although distributive justice did not have the predicted direct effect on employee morale, it helped explain the effects of procedures on acceptance of change and morale by helping reduce anxiety about the change. Together, these findings support the utility of an AET-based framework in helping understand employee responses to downsizing.     

言语-表象型认知风格与外显、内隐记忆的关系

研究探讨言语-表象维度认知风格对外昱、内隐记忆效果的影响。实验采用不同认知风格（言语型和表象型）的被试,以抽象名词和具体名词为测验材料,运用了Jacoby加工分离程序。结果发现：言语-表象维度认知风格对内隐记忆效果的影响与外显记忆不同。（1）表象型被试和言语型被试在识记抽象名词时外显记忆成绩差异显著;（2）言语型-表象型认知风格没有导致内隐记忆的个体差异。     

Internal Validity and Reliability of Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory Version 3 (1999)

This study explores the internal validity and reliability of Kolb’s revised Learning Style Inventory (LSI-2A and LSI-3) in a sample of 221 graduate and undergraduate business students. Research on the LSI is also reviewed and the implications of conducting factor analysis using ipsative data are explored. Experiential Learning Theory is presented and the concept of learning styles explained. This study largely supports prior research supporting the internal reliability of scales. Principle Component Analysis provides evidence for a 2 factor structure as hypothesized by Kolb.     

The linkages of cognitive processes, stress propensity, affect, and strain: experimental test of a cognitive model of the stress response

This research examined a model of the stress response that includes cognitive-affective stress propensity, cognitive-affective processes, experienced affective reactions, subjective stress, and strain constructs. Using partial least squares analysis, this model was found to provide a good fit with the data. Moderated multiple regression analyses found support for the hypothesized moderating effects of individual stress propensity on the relationships of stressors with cognitive-affective processes. The research and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

运用赌博任务测查不同攻击/受欺类别儿童的情感决策过程

攻击行为认知研究存在的一个重要问题是忽视情感对儿童认知加工的影响。考虑了情绪－认知整合过程的儿童行为决策更能全面而真实地反映社会信息加工情境下的攻击/受欺行为卷入过程。情感决策的赌博任务范式被认为能诱发类似于个人真实生活决策的表现,本研究运用计算机程序编制的标准赌博任务,以过程的视角考察了不同攻击/受欺儿童的情感决策特点。结果发现,不同类型儿童的有利-不利选择净分数、对有利-不利选择及奖惩频数的决策偏向存在显著差异。研究结果反映未卷入儿童在赌博任务上的整体表现优于其他类型儿童,攻击-受欺儿童仅次于未卷入儿童;直接攻击、攻击-受欺、未卷入儿童呈现惩罚定向的决策风格,但这三类儿童也表现出截然不同的趋势。