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251.
以1995名普高生和中职生为被试,采用未来取向问卷(中文版),考察了普高生和中职生的个人未来目标和担忧的内容与时间广度。研究发现:普高生与中职生较多地关注未来教育、职业、婚姻/家庭、家庭安康和自我,预期重要生活事件发生在二三十岁左右。普高生更多地提及教育目标和担忧以及与家庭安康有关的担忧,而中职生更多地提及职业目标和担忧,并预期职业目标和担忧发生的年龄较早;农村学生更多地提及与未来教育和家庭安康有关的目标,而相对较少提及职业目标,并预期教育和职业目标以及职业担忧发生的年龄早于城市学生;男生更多地提及职业和婚姻/家庭目标以及与自我有关的担忧,而女生更多地提及与家庭安康有关的目标和教育担忧,并预期教育和职业目标发生的年龄较早。 相似文献
252.
初二学生解几何应用题策略类型的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用作品分析法对60份初二优秀生、中等生、差生的第一学期数学期中考试卷进行分析,发现初二不同学习水平学生解数学应用题时表现出不同的解题策略类型:优秀生的解题策略属于“俯瞰型”;中等生的解题策略属于“经验型”;差生的解题策略属于“盲试型”。 相似文献
253.
本研究以526名高中生为被试,运用自行编制的"高中生认识论信念问卷",考察了高中生认识论信念的性别差异、年龄特点以及学校类型差异。结果表明:高中生认识论信念的各个维度上不存在性别差异,但存在着极其显著的学校差异;在整合建构信念、能力信念方面,存在着显著的年级差异;在零散接受信念上存在着学校与年级的交互作用。 相似文献
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255.
Victoria McGeer 《Synthese》2007,159(3):347-371
The broad issue in this paper is the relationship between cognitive psychology and neuroscience. That issue arises particularly
sharply for cognitive neurospsychology, some of whose practitioners claim a methodological autonomy for their discipline.
They hold that behavioural data from neuropsychological impairments are sufficient to justify assumptions about the underlying
modular structure of human cognitive architecture, as well as to make inferences about its various components. But this claim
to methodological autonomy can be challenged on both philosophical and empirical grounds. A priori considerations about (cognitive)
multiple realisability challenge the thesis on philosophical grounds, and neuroscientific findings from developmental disorders
substantiate that challenge empirically. The conclusion is that behavioural evidence alone is inadequate for scientific progress
since appearances of modularity can be thoroughly deceptive, obscuring both the dynamic processes of neural development and
the endstate network architecture of real cognitive systems. 相似文献
256.
介绍了成人学习不良者神经心理与行为遗传方面的研究,深入分析了成人学习不良中阅读不良的电生理和行为遗传特点,并简要总结了有关数学不良的神经心理与行为遗传的相关机制。 相似文献
257.
Happiness is associated with both extraversion and neuroticism, and extraversion is generally considered the more important. A recent study of happy introverts has shown that extraversion is not always an essential correlate of happiness, and an extensive meta-analysis has found that neuroticism is a greater predictor of both happiness and life satisfaction. It is suggested that the reason for the importance of neuroticism having been overlooked in the past, is the difficulty of handling the idea that (positive) happiness is related to the absence of a (negative) construct. This difficulty could be resolved by the reversal of neuroticism into an alternative and positive concept of “emotional stability”. Happiness could then be regarded as being associated with two positive qualities. With this change of emphasis, a short empirical study has been made of the relationships between happiness as measured by the Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) and extraversion and emotional stability. In bivariate and partial correlation, emotional stability was more strongly associated with happiness than extraversion, and accounted for more of the total variability in multiple regression. Emotional stability was also the greater correlate for a majority of the 29 items of the OHI, and the sole significant predictor of the happiness of younger people. 相似文献
258.
Ladislav Tondl 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2001,32(2):307-327
The presented paper substantiates the principle that values are an immanent component of science and any rational cognitive
activity. This principle belongs to the European cultural tradition starting from the book of Genesis of the Old Testament,
the values of certainty in the antique Greek philosophy and Francis Bacon's coincidence of knowledge and power. Values in
science form complicated structures inconnection with different types of knowledge including “the knowledge that”, empirical
evidence, various types of generalizations or rules, methods, directions, algorithms, “the knowledge how”, “the knowledge
why” or other types of knowledge. Since the assignments of different types of values are the products of a decision-making,
it is useful to distinguish many types of decision-making, especially semantic decision-making, information decision-making
and decision-making with distinctly pragmatic dimensions. The values assignable to scientific activities and their results
also include their social recognition, respect and prestige granted to knowledge and bearers of knowledge by society and social
groups or communities. Knowledge generation and the rational and justified application of the achieved and acceptable impacts
are also connected with decision-making procedures, values and criteria of social acceptance.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
259.
260.
本文反对王弼以老庄思想解释<周易>这一传统观点,因为他除了用老庄道家思想解释<周易>之外,王弼也运用儒家思想来解释<周易>,而且运用儒家思想解释的内容大于运用道家思想解释的内容.本文分析了王弼为何同时运用儒家和道家思想解易的原因,并提出<周易注>的绝大多数内容是以<易传>的思想和汉代的注易方法来解释<周易>. 相似文献