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141.
142.
This study reports the Swedish construct validation of two translated attachment style scales. The factor structure of the attachment construct was investigated via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of attachment scores from 515 students of a Swedish university. Results supported the expected two-factor solution, but found a three-factor solution to be a viable alternative. In addition, the attachment scales were compared with the Big Five personality inventory (NEO-PI), using a sample of 87 Swedish students, and found to have expected correlation to this scale. 相似文献
143.
Shull RL 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2004,81(2):155-167
Rats obtained food pellets on a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement by nose poking a lighted key. After training to establish baseline performance (with the mean variable interval set at either 60, 120, or 240 s), the rats were given free access to food during the hour just before their daily session. This satiation operation reduced the rate of key poking. Analysis of the interresponse time distributions (log survivor plots) indicated that key poking occurred in bouts. Prefeeding lengthened the pauses between bouts, shortened the length of bouts (less reliably), and had a relatively small decremental effect on the response rate within bouts. That deprivation level affects mainly between-bout pauses has been reported previously with fixed-ratio schedules. Thus, when the focus is on bouts, the performances maintained by variable-interval schedules and fixed-ratio schedules are similarly affected by deprivation. 相似文献
144.
Four rats obtained food pellets by lever pressing. A variable-interval reinforcement schedule assigned reinforcers on average every 2 min during one block of 20 sessions and on average every 8 min during another block. Also, at each variable-interval duration, a block of sessions was conducted with a schedule that imposed a variable-ratio 4 response requirement after each variable interval (i.e., a tandem variable-time variable-ratio 4 schedule). The total rate of lever pressing increased as a function of the rate of reinforcement and as a result of imposing the variable-ratio requirement. Analysis of log survivor plots of interresponse times indicated that lever pressing occurred in bouts that were separated by pauses. Increasing the rate of reinforcement increased total response rate by increasing the rate of initiating bouts and, less reliably, by lengthening bouts. Imposing the variable-ratio component increased response rate mainly by lengthening bouts. This pattern of results is similar to that reported previously with key poking as the response. Also, response rates within bouts were relatively insensitive to either variable. 相似文献
145.
A study of the use of and attitudes towards the telephone by persons with stuttering impairment is presented. Data was collected by survey (postal questionnaire). Results indicate that making calls may be more problematic than answering them. Avoidance-like behaviours were more prevalent amongst younger adult stutterers than their older counterparts. Severe stutterers use the telephone least. Many stutterers surveyed see telephoning as being more problematic than ‘face-to-face’ communication and give a range of reasons for this. Telephoning difficulties can have wide ranging effects. Some implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
146.
The present study compared the personality characteristics assessed in life stories of 40 highly generative adults to those
in the life stories of a contrasting sample of 30 less generative adults. Life-story interviews of all 70 subjects were rated
with the California Adult Q-Sort (CAQ; Block, 1961). The results were compared to the “expert” generativity CAQ profile compiled
by Peterson and Klohnen (1995). The results indicated that highly generative adults were more likely to construct life stories
indicative of such positive generativity characteristics as “behaves in a giving way toward others” and “is turned to for
advice and reassurance” compared to adults low in generativity. Furthermore, the highly generative adults related life-story
accounts in which negative generativity qualities such as “has hostility toward others” and “is self-indulgent” were more
uncharacteristic than those expressed in the low-generativity adults' stories. The study adds to a growing empirical literature
on the meaning and manifestations of generativity in adult lives and suggests that the CAQ is a useful tool for uncovering
personality characteristics expressed in the life-story accounts generated by adults. 相似文献
147.
Ira Brenner 《Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies》1999,1(2):145-162
This paper examines the multiply determined factors in Holocaust survivors who return to their native countries and sites of persecution. Citing material from archived interviews and consultations with a gravely ill survivor, as well as published accounts from others, the author explores historical, cultural, and psychodynamic dimensions. Intrapsychic, developmental, and traumatic aspects are considered, such as the fantasy of reunion with the lost maternal object, unresolved grief, the repetition compulsion, attempts at mastery, and the use of counterphobic or hypomanic defenses. This constellation of factors is seen in the context of the Jewish premium on remembering and the political realities of post war Europe. The role of the Second Generation in assisting the survivor parents in the working through process is also emphasized. 相似文献
148.
Jack Demick 《Journal of Adult Development》1994,1(1):1-5
Based on a recent extension of Heinz Werner's (1957) organismic-developmental theory (e.g., Wapner, 1987; Wapner & Demick, 1990, 1991), suggestions for the parameters of theJournal of Adult Development have been generated. These include the need for: (1) a focus on adult development at all levels of integration (biological, psychological, sociocultural); (2) increased examination of the interrelations among these levels as well as between the psychological part-processes ofexperience (cognition, affect, valuation) andaction over the course of adult development; (3) the complementarity of theory and empiricism, of basic and applied research, and of quantitative and qualitative approaches to methodology; and (4) transdisciplinary collaboration. Preliminary editorial policies are sketched; recommendations for any aspect of policy and procedure are strongly encouraged. 相似文献
149.
150.
Elin Nylander Orestis Floros Timea Sparding Eleonore Rydn Stefan Hansen Mikael Landn 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2021,62(1):13-24
There is a dearth of long‐term follow‐up studies of adults diagnosed with ADHD. Here, the aim was to evaluate long‐term outcomes in a group of ADHD patients diagnosed in adulthood and receiving routine psychiatric health care. Adults diagnosed with any type of ADHD (n = 52) and healthy controls (n = 73) were assessed at baseline and at a 5‐year follow‐up, using Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Brown ADD Scale (BADDS) and Adult ADHD Self‐Report Scale (ASRS). A multivariate regression method was used to identify factors predicting 5‐year outcomes, including baseline ratings, medication intensity, comorbidity, intelligence quotient (IQ), age, and sex. After 5 years, ADHD patients reported fewer and/or less severe symptoms compared to baseline, but remained at clinically significant symptom levels and with functional deficits. Baseline self‐reports of ADHD symptoms predicted their own 5‐year outcome and low baseline functioning level predicted improved global functioning at follow‐up. Factors previously reported to predict short‐term outcomes (i.e., medication, comorbidity, IQ, age, and sex) did not anticipate long‐term outcomes in present study. 相似文献