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991.
Jennifer L. Tackett Robert F. Krueger William G. Iacono Matt McGue 《Journal of research in personality》2008
Research on the structure of personality in middle childhood, while advancing, is still in the early stages of development. In this study, we employed a group of 1563 twins to elucidate the hierarchical structure of personality in middle childhood and provide connections to established personality traits in adult populations. Our results provide evidence for a higher-order structure of personality in middle childhood that maps on to recent findings in adult populations supporting hierarchical relationships among 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-factor models of personality. In addition, primary higher-order personality traits rated by parents at age 11 showed substantial predictive validity for analogous traits rated by self at age 17. We discuss our results within the context of developing a convergent hierarchical taxonomy of personality in middle childhood and the importance of multi-informant investigations. 相似文献
992.
993.
修订BTL-QZ-V1.1气质测试系统。对519名12—21岁男女学生进行了测量。结果发现:神经系统特性具有年龄差异,随年龄增长兴奋性、抑制性增强,灵活性、稳定性增高;12~14岁是其快速增长期,14~18岁为慢速增长期,18岁后为稳定期;神经系统的兴奋性、抑制性具有性别差异,男生强于女生;可将气质类型划分为10种,年龄和性别不影响气质类型的分布;除灵活性外,神经系统兴奋性、抑制性和稳定性的重测信度系数在0.6~0.8之间,且达到显著性水平;以80·8神经类型量表为效标,所得相关系数达中等程度。提示BTL-QZ-V1.1气质测试系统的评定需按年龄和性别分组进行,建立的分组标准较为准确科学,信度、效度较高,可以广泛应用。 相似文献
994.
农村留守儿童人格特征研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
留守儿童是我国社会转型期的产物,是新时期出现的特殊儿童群体.本文采用Y-G性格测验、学生团体主题统觉测验(G-TAT)和S-K克雷佩林心理测验方法,对江西玉山县242名农村留守儿童和一般儿童的人格发展进行调查,比较分析了留守儿童和一般儿童在人格特征方面存在差异,并从亲子关系角度尝试分析了导致这些人格特征差异的原因. 相似文献
995.
中学生的适应特征及其影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用《青少年心理健康素质调查问卷》问卷,对1274名中学生的适应状态特征及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明,高中生和初中生的适应及其子维度存在显著差异;不同性别中学生的适应总体上不存在显著的差异。但在生理适应、人际适应和社会适应三个维度上存在显著的性别差异;个性素质、自我、人际素质、应对风格和年级组五个变量对中学生适应有重要的影响作用。 相似文献
996.
The Role of the Humanities and Social Sciences in Nanotechnology Research and Development 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mette Ebbesen 《Nanoethics》2008,2(1):1-13
The experience with genetically modified foods has been prominent in motivating science, industry and regulatory bodies to
address the social and ethical dimensions of nanotechnology. The overall objective is to gain the general public’s acceptance
of nanotechnology in order not to provoke a consumer boycott as it happened with genetically modified foods. It is stated
implicitly in reports on nanotechnology research and development that this acceptance depends on the public’s confidence in
the technology and that the confidence is created on the basis of information, education, openness and debate about scientific
and technological developments. Hence, it is assumed that informing and educating the public will create trust, which will
consequently lead to an acceptance of nanotechnology. Thus, the humanities and social sciences are seen as tools to achieve
public acceptance.
In this paper, the author argues that this is a narrow apprehension of the role of the humanities and social sciences. The
humanities and social sciences have a critical function asking fundamental questions and informing the public about these
reflections. This may lead to scepticism, however, the motivation for addressing the social and ethical dimensions of nanotechnology
should not be public acceptance but informed judgement. The author illustrates this critical function by discussing the role,
motivation and contribution of ethics as an example. Lastly, the author shows that a possible strategy for incorporating the
humanities and the social sciences into nanotechnology research and development is Real-Time Technology Assessment, where
the purpose is to integrate natural science and engineering investigations with ethical, legal and social science from the
outset.
相似文献
Mette EbbesenEmail: |
997.
How Should We Do Nanoethics? A Network Approach for Discerning Ethical Issues in Nanotechnology 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Ibo van de Poel 《Nanoethics》2008,2(1):25-38
There is no agreement on how nanoethics should proceed. In this article I focus on approaches for discerning ethical issues
in nanotechnology, which is as of yet one of the most difficult and urging tasks for nanoethics. I discuss and criticize two
existing approaches for discerning ethical issues in nanotechnology and propose a network approach as alternative. I discuss
debates in nanoethics about the desirable role of ethics in nanotechnological development and about the newness of ethical
issues in nanotechnology. On basis of a critical analysis of both debates, I formulate a number of desiderata for a method
for discerning ethical issues in nanotechnology and argue that the network approach that my colleagues and I have developed
for ethical issues in research and development networks is also appropriate in nanotechnology.
相似文献
Ibo van de PoelEmail: |
998.
A. Coskun Samli 《Applied research in quality of life》2008,3(3):203-213
This article deals with perhaps the greatest problem of our time, the ever increasing world’s neglected and ignored poor.
I argue here that economic development can be cultivated by endogenously from the bottom up (implemented through entrepreneurship)
and that the economic output to be exported globally. Unique characteristics of entrepreneurs and their contribution to the
economy can make it possible for third world countries to grow their economies faster and provide economic means to enhance
social, health, and environmental well-being (basic dimensions of quality of life), along with products and services that
the poor need in these countries. Developing countries need to develop entrepreneurial cultures for economic growth and enhanced
quality of life. But, sheer presence and positive performance is not totally adequate since the above mentioned dimensions
are only necessary but not sufficient conditions.
Note: This paper draws from A. Coskun Samli (2008), “International Entrepreneurship and Quality of Life,” in W. E. Kilbourne
and J. D. Middelstaedt (eds), The 33rd Annual Meeting of the Macro-Marketing Society 2008, 109–116. 相似文献
999.
Arnold B. Bakker 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2008,(3):400-414
The WOrk-reLated Flow inventory (WOLF) measures flow at work, defined as a short-term peak experience characterized by absorption, work enjoyment, and intrinsic work motivation. Results of Study 1 among 7 samples of employees (total N = 1346) from different occupational groups offer support for the factorial validity and reliability of the WOLF. Study 2 examined the validity of the WOLF in more detail among some of the samples. Positive correlations between a general flow index and the three flow dimensions confirm the convergent validity of the WOLF. In addition, the findings of Study 2 provide evidence for the construct and predictive validity of the WOLF using five job characteristics as predictors of flow, and other-ratings of performance as outcomes. 相似文献
1000.
Do 18-month-olds understand that an agent's false belief can be corrected by an appropriate, though not an inappropriate, communication? In Experiment 1, infants watched a series of events involving two agents, a ball, and two containers: a box and a cup. To start, agent1 played with the ball and then hid it in the box, while agent2 looked on. Next, in agent1's absence, agent2 moved the ball from the box to the cup. When agent1 returned, agent2 told her "The ball is in the cup!" (informative-intervention condition) or "I like the cup!" (uninformative-intervention condition). During test, agent1 reached for either the box (box event) or the cup (cup event). In the informative-intervention condition, infants who saw the box event looked reliably longer than those who saw the cup event; in the uninformative-intervention condition, the reverse pattern was found. These results suggest that infants expected agent1's false belief about the ball's location to be corrected when she was told "The ball is in the cup!", but not "I like the cup!". In Experiment 2, agent2 simply pointed to the ball's new location, and infants again expected agent1's false belief to be corrected. These and control results provide additional evidence that infants in the second year of life can attribute false beliefs to agents. In addition, the results suggest that by 18 months of age infants expect agents' false beliefs to be corrected by relevant communications involving words or gestures. 相似文献