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171.
We introduce Gentzen calculi for intuitionistic logic extended with an existence predicate. Such a logic was first introduced
by Dana Scott, who provided a proof system for it in Hilbert style. We prove that the Gentzen calculus has cut elimination
in so far that all cuts can be restricted to very simple ones. Applications of this logic to Skolemization, truth value logics
and linear frames are also discussed. 相似文献
172.
Guillermo Bernal Carmen L. Rivera‐Medina Eduardo Cumba‐Avils Mae Lynn Reyes‐Rodríguez Emily Sez‐Santiago Yovanska Duart‐Vlez Lelis Nazario Natalie Rodríguez‐Quintana Jeannette Rossell 《Family process》2019,58(4):832-854
This is a longitudinal randomized control trial on the impact of adding a parent psychoeducation intervention (TEPSI) as part of cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in a Puerto Rican sample. We tested the efficacy of adding 8 group sessions of TEPSI to 12 sessions of individual CBT on reducing depressive symptoms, MDD diagnosis, and improving family functioning. Participants (n = 121) were randomized to individual CBT with or without TEPSI. No main group effects were found for most patient domains including depression symptoms, as well as presence of adolescent's MDD diagnosis at posttreatment. Results did show a main effect of CBT over time for depression symptoms, suicide ideation, family criticism, and the presence of MDD diagnosis decreasing from pre‐ to postintervention. A year post treatment, almost 70% of adolescents in both conditions (CBT and CBT + TEPSI) remained in remission. A main effect was obtained for treatment in the adolescent's perception of familism and family emotional involvement. The primary hypothesis that family psychoeducation would optimize CBT for depression in adolescents was not supported. Both conditions yielded similar clinical end points. The culturally adapted CBT was found effective with Latino/a adolescents showing clinically significant improvements from pretreatment to posttreatment and remained stable at a 1‐year follow‐up. Regarding family outcomes, adolescents in CBT + TEPSI remained stable from pretreatment to posttreatment on family emotional involvement, while adolescents in CBT‐alone showed an increase. The implication of these findings is discussed. 相似文献
173.
Igor Hanzel 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(2):273-301
The paper tries to provide an alternative to Hempel’s approach to scientific laws and scientific explanation as given in his
D-N model. It starts with a brief exposition of the main characteristics of Hempel’s approach to deductive explanations based
on universal scientific laws and analyzes the problems and paradoxes inherent in this approach. By way of solution, it analyzes
the scientific laws and explanations in classical mechanics and then reconstructs the corresponding models of explanation,
as well as the types of scientific laws appearing in it. Finally, it compares this reconstruction with the approaches of J.
Woodward and C. Hitchcock, C. Liu and with the views of M. Thalos on analytic mechanics.
相似文献
Igor HanzelEmail: |
174.
Brian Hill 《Studia Logica》2008,89(3):291-323
In the companion paper (Towards a “sophisticated” model of belief dynamics. Part I), a general framework for realistic modelling of instantaneous states of belief and of the operations involving them was presented and motivated. In this paper, the framework is applied to the case of belief revision. A model of belief revision shall be obtained which, firstly, recovers the Gärdenfors postulates in a well-specified, natural yet simple class of particular circumstances; secondly, can accommodate iterated revisions, recovering several proposed revision operators for iterated revision as special cases; and finally, offers an analysis of Rott’s recent counterexample to several Gärdenfors postulates [32], elucidating in what sense it fails to be one of the special cases to which these postulates apply. 相似文献
175.
Two children with an acquired aphasia were observed during the recovery process. In the spontaneous speech, paraphasias belonging to different categories, such as neologisms, verbal paraphasias, and literal paraphasias, were found. Especially with regard to neologisms the time of investigation was very important. In addition, one child with a phonemic jargon aphasia and one child with a fluent aphasia and empty speech were observed. These observations implicate a modification of the current clinical picture of childhood aphasia. Some aspects are discussed in relation to adult aphasia. 相似文献
176.
Harvey H.C Marmurek 《Journal of research in personality》1984,18(2):179-194
Two experiments investigated whether disposition-based categories influence the retrieval of behaviors related or unrelated to those categories. In Experiment 1, subjects studied a set of behaviors in order to form an impression of a target person. Impression ratings indicated which category had been activated. In an unexpected recognition test, accuracy was better for category-inconsistent information than for category-consistent behaviors. That result suggested that the structure of disposition-based categories includes qualitatively different representations of consistent and inconsistent acts related to the category. In Experiment 2, subjects rated behaviors with reference to a relevant or irrelevant disposition category. In an unexpected recall test, an advantage for category-inconsistent behaviors was found only when the behaviors had been studied from the perspective of the relevant category. It was concluded that categories are not represented in a form analogous to the representation of category-inconsistent behaviors. 相似文献
177.
178.
D G Kemler 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1982,34(3):469-489
Previous findings of a developmental trend from holistic to analytic modes of processing yield to two possible interpretations—the ability to analyze into dimensions increases with age, or a production deficiency for the strategy of analyzing decreases with age. In the three studies reported here an attempt is made to elucidate which of these interpretations is the more correct by investigating the performance of preschoolers and retarded children in three tasks, all of which require dimensional analysis. The three tasks involve (a) same-different comparisons of selected dimensions of stimuli, (b) judgments of whether dimensions are conserved through transformations of objects, and (c) predictions of the outcomes of transformations that selectively modify dimensions of objects. Normal 3-year-old children and mildly retarded preadolescents make many errors on all three tasks and the patterns of these errors are predictable from holistic processing. Older groups of normal preschoolers, 4.5 to 5 years old, perform very well on the tasks, although they show some hints of remaining analytic deficits. It seems likely that the ability to analyze does undergo development in the preschool years, but that the production-deficiency interpretation also has merit, particularly for explaining developmental trends within the elementary school range. 相似文献
179.
In this investigation the ability of stutterers and nonstutterers to simultaneously perform speech and nonspeech tasks was compared. Subjects were 10 stutterers and 10 nonstutterers. Two experiments were conducted. In the first, subjects performed a non-attention-demanding gross-motor task while they read aloud. In the second, subjects performed an attention-demanding task (reading comprehension) during speech. Results indicated that there was no significant change in the disfluency values of stutterers during the motor activity or as a result of the reading comprehension task. However, stutterers were found to perform significantly poorer than nonstutterers on the reading comprehension task. This finding was taken as evidence that stutterers devote more attention to speech than do nonstutterers. 相似文献
180.
An analysis of the concurrent incidence of aphasia and spatial disorder in 270 patients with unilateral brain damage suggests that the two functions are statistically independent. These data can also be used to estimate the distribution of left, right, and bilateral representation of linguistic and spatial functions in the population. In right-handers, sex affects the pattern of cerebral asymmetries, while the familial history of sinistrality has a stronger effect on the pattern of cerebral asymmetries in left-handers. These findings suggest that complementary specialization exists only as a statistical norm: It is suggested that differences in complementary and noncomplementary specialization may underlie individual differences in cognitive skills. 相似文献