In-session gaming as a tool in treating adolescent problematic gaming

For some adolescent gamers, playing online games may become problematic, impairing functioning in personal, family, and other life domains. Parental and family factors are known to influence the odds that adolescents may develop problematic gaming (PG), negative parenting and conflictual family dynamics increasing the risk, whereas positive parenting and developmentally supportive family dynamics protecting against PG. This suggests that a treatment for adolescent PG should not only address the gaming behaviors and personal characteristics of the youth, but also the parental and family domains. An established research-supported treatment meeting these requirements is multidimensional family therapy (MDFT), which we adapted for use as adolescent PG treatment. We report here on one adaptation, applying in-session gaming. In-session demonstration of the “problem behavior” is feasible and informative in PG. In the opening stage of therapy, we use in-session gaming to establish an alliance between the therapist and the youth. By inviting them to play games, the therapist demonstrates that they are taken seriously, thus boosting treatment motivation. Later in treatment, gaming is introduced in family sessions, offering useful opportunities to intervene in family members' perspectives and interactional patterns revealed in vivo as the youth plays the game. These sessions can trigger strong emotions and reactions from the parents and youth and give rise to maladaptive transactions between the family members, thus offering ways to facilitate new discussions and experiences of each other. The insights gained from the game demonstration sessions aid the therapeutic process, more so than mere discussion about gaming.     

Worldviews about change: Their structure and their implications for understanding responses to sustainability,technology, and political change

People hold different perspectives about how they think the world is changing or should change. We examined five of these “worldviews” about change: Progress, Golden Age, Endless Cycle, Maintenance, and Balance. In Studies 1–4 (total N = 2733) we established reliable measures of each change worldview, and showed how these help explain when people will support or oppose social change in contexts spanning sustainability, technological innovations, and political elections. In mapping out these relationships we identify how the importance of different change worldviews varies across contexts, with Balance most critical for understanding support for sustainability, Progress/Golden Age important for understanding responses to innovations, and Golden Age uniquely important for preferring Trump/Republicans in the 2016 US election. These relationships were independent of prominent individual differences (e.g., values, political orientation for elections) or context-specific factors (e.g., self-reported innovativeness for responses to innovations). Study 5 (N = 2140) examined generalizability in 10 countries/regions spanning five continents, establishing that these worldviews exhibited metric invariance, but with country/region differences in how change worldviews were related to support for sustainability. These findings show that change worldviews can act as a general “lens” people use to help determine whether to support or oppose social change.     

管理者权力距离对员工创造性观点产生与实施关系的调节作用

本研究考察了管理者的权力距离对于员工创造性观点产生与实施过程的调节作用。对170名企业员工和他们的直接主管的问卷调查结果表明：（1）管理者的权力距离对员工创造性观点的产生与实施的影响是不同的。管理者的高权力距离会抑制员工创造性观点的产生,但会促进员工创造性观点的实施。（2）管理者的高权力距离会促进员工创造性想法从产生向实施的转化。研究讨论了管理者的权力距离水平对于创新过程影响的实践意义。     

创新氛围、创新效能感与团队创新：团队领导的调节作用

在团队层次探讨创新氛围、创新效能感以及团队领导对团队创新绩效的影响。对51个工作团队的研究结果表明, 团队创新氛围与团队创新绩效有显著的正向关系, 而团队创新效能感在这一关系中起到中介作用。同时, 引领创新的团队领导调节了创新效能感与团队创新绩效之间的关系, 团队领导越倾向于引领创新, 创新效能感与创新绩效之间的关系就越强, 经由创新效能感传导的创新氛围对创新绩效的效应也就越大。研究结果深刻揭示了创新氛围、创新效能感、创新领导和团队创新之间的关系。     

创新管理理念对于我国创新型医药企业发展的启示

近年来我国医药工业取得了突出成绩,但医药企业面临复杂的内外部环境,需尽快打破同质化严重、竞争力不足的格局,向创新驱动转型。创新管理的理论观点对于创新型医药企业有借鉴意义,分析了尚处于发展阶段的创新型医药企业在文化、组织和创新能力建设等方面的一些问题,参考创新理论的一些观点,认为创新型医药企业可在不断追求技术、产品创新的同时,思考对企业文化、组织管理、创新能力方面的变革,从而有效地推进创新战略实施。

     

加强政策协同促进中国创新型药企国际化发展

中国创新型药企快速追赶国际领先企业,处于高投入低产出的成长阶段,国际化之路遭遇各种坎坷。国内创新呈现出快速跟进特点,研发热点过于集中,存在高水平重复现象,加之创新药的医保谈判采用低定价策略,可能使创新型药企难以在合理的时间段内收回研发投入,后续研发难以为继。未来,应当差异化地鼓励原始创新和一般创新,建议改进国家基本医保对创新药的支付机制,减免税收、申请费等以降低研发成本,在实施数据保护和市场独占制度提高获利预期方面形成政策协同,助推中国企业国际化。

     

中国医药创新面临的挑战及其应对

当下, 医药产业创新可持续发展已成为满足人民生命健康﹑维护国家安全、建设科技强国, 参与国际战略竞争的制高点和关键。历经十几年的发展﹐中国医药创新环境得到非常显著的改善, 但仍面临新的挑战, 中国医药创新又到了再次转型的关键节点。大力发展医药创新需要的不仅是政府资金支持或单项政策出台, 更是举国体制下清晰的顶层设计, 融合全产业链条(基础/临床研究、监管、支付等)建立起科学、完善的政策机制, 在双循环新发展格局下构建中国医药创新高质量发展的必然要求。

     

负责任创新中医疗人工智能应用技术的伦理审视

负责任创新是目前探讨人工智能技术在医疗领域应用的重要理论,也是引导医疗人工智能应用技术向善发展的理想图景,其基本结构主要包括预测、反思、协商、反应四个维度。当前,医疗人工智能应用技术受技术“黑箱特质”的影响,暴露了其在安全、隐私、道德、分配等方面的伦理风险,桎梏了其应用于医疗事业的广阔前景。面对医疗人工智能应用技术的伦理困境,从其技术研发、设计、应用、跟踪等全过程分析嵌入负责任创新四维度模型,能够有效缓解医疗人工智能应用技术在实践中存在的伦理风险,从而真正实现其为人类健康的精准赋能。

     

技术创新对提高医疗服务质量驱动力的探析

技术创新在人类发展史上起着里程碑式的作用,同样推动现代医学快速进展和持续进步。医疗技术是医疗质量的核心,技术创新能够全方位提升医疗服务质量。结合国内外医疗相关技术创新的现况和医院实践,剖析了技术创新在提升医疗服务质量中的驱动作用,结合自身实践,从医疗设备技术创新、医学信息技术创新、医学技术创新思维和理念这三个方面,对技术创新促进医疗服务质量提升的实现途径进行探讨,为持续改进和不断完善医疗服务质量提供新的思路和手段。