The utilization of genetic counselors within a newborn screening program

Genetic counselors have participated in the Michigan Newborn Screening Program on a contractual basis since 1988. Their role includes newborn screening education and training, newborn nursery site visits, and monitoring newborn screening in hospitals. Their impact has been to improve the quality of newborn screening services by reducing errors and increasing completion of data fields on newborn screening cards, improving hospital nursery cooperation and problem solving, and enhancing health department response to specific problems.     

萨顿的新人文主义及其意义

萨顿提出的新人文主义观,分析批判了科学与人文的分裂对立,指出科学人性化是科学与人文融合的方法,其人性化的科学现有利于我们今天深度解读、审视医学的人性化,张扬价值理性,在实践中克服目前医学异化的倾向,开掘医学和人文融合的路径,实现医学人性化的真正回归。     

图形项目记忆与位置来源提取的ERP研究

采用事件相关电位（ERP）方法研究大学生图形项目记忆与位置来源提取新/旧效应的时、空分布特征。学习屏幕左侧（或右侧）呈现的图形后在屏幕中央呈现某一测验项目（已学图形或新图形）,对受试者进行两类测验：其一是判断该项目是否已学过;其二是将从某侧学过的测验项目判断为目标,而将其它测验项目判断为非目标的来源测验（排除任务）。实验结果表明：图形位置来源提取比项目再认新/旧效应的头皮分布更广,持续时程更长;与前人相同实验范式的研究结果相比,本研究位置来源提取效应的头皮分布范围较广;非目标-旧图形与目标图形新/旧效应的头皮激活程度不同。上述结果说明：图形位置来源提取比项目再认激活的大脑区域更多,这与双重加工模型的观点一致;实验范式和来源知觉的特性共同调节来源记忆新/旧效应的时、空分布特征;意识水平对来源信息提取的新/旧效应存在一定的影响     

新中国成立初期针灸推广实施路径与历史经验研究——以中央人民政府卫生部针灸疗法实验所为中心

新中国成立初期,在统一战线和发挥中医作用的要求下,针灸推广作为一项卫生工作被提上日程。中央人民政府卫生部针灸疗法实验所率先开展这项工作,开创了“理论学习+临床实习”的短期人才培训模式,在国内部分地区有计划、有组织地训练了一批针灸师资力量,并尝试通过实验研究为针灸推广提供科学理论支持。针灸疗法实验所推广针灸的工作为今后针灸推广在全国范围内进一步开展提供了可靠的人才培养模式,积累了宝贵经验,也是过渡时期中医力量参与新中国卫生事业建设的典型例证。

     

在家庭和国家之间：医护人员疫情支援实践的权衡机制探究

基于对10名疫情期间曾支援前线的医护工作者的深度访谈,并结合对网络平台相关文本的内容分析,旨在透过新家庭主义视角,致力于探讨医护人员在面对家庭与国家二者关系时的矛盾与张力,呈现其支援实践中形成家国平衡的文化与社会逻辑,从而探究其做出“舍小家、为大家”的支援实践的行为机制和合理性基础。研究认为,医护人员支援实践的抉择是受到多方因素影响、在医护人员进行综合考量下的结果。这一权衡过程主要体现为国家在场的驱动与感召、家庭弥散渗透下的调适和个人个体主义的出现。

     

当代中国医学伦理学再启程的基础与方向探微

当代中国医学伦理学是指始于中国20世纪80年代初以来这一领域的发展历史和现状。40多年来,中国医学伦理学在医学伦理文化和医学伦理理论与实践等各方面取得的成就,为中国医学伦理学的再启程形成了坚实的基础。再启程是学科发展的一个时代性课题。今天学科所面对的是完全不同于过去的背景和境遇,中国社会高速发展驱动下的医学科技进步以及医学社会化步伐的加快,带来传统与崭新伦理问题的叠加,再启程成为对学科发展的必然要求。

     

基于扎根理论的志愿者遗体（器官）捐献的动力探索

在濒临死亡情境下,对26名遗体（器官）捐献志愿者进行深度访谈并收集资料,运用扎根理论的开放编码、关联编码及选择编码对原始资料进行分解、检测、比较、概念化及类属化,并围绕志愿者遗体（器官）捐献的动力进行理论编码。结果显示,构建了扎根于原始资料的志愿者遗体（器官）捐献的新利他主义动机心理模型,形成了正确生死观构筑志愿者遗体（器官）捐献的认识基础、追寻意义存在构建志愿者遗体（器官）捐献的心理特征及利他主义新理念成为志愿者遗体（器官）捐献的动力三条新理论,对诠释志愿者遗体（器官）捐献行为具有一定参与价值。

     

What a drag it is being relational: Developing planetary identities

Feminists scholars, among others, have long argued for a relational understanding of identity and the self. More recently queer theory and the new materialisms have taken that understanding and placed it within an evolutionary and planetary perspective. As most modern, western understandings of law, politics, and ethics take the individual as the base unit for reflection, what might this relational, planetary identity mean in terms of ethics? This brief essay explores some of the religious and theoretical supports for a relational, planetary self, and then develops a type of ethic that is based upon a critical romanticism for the planet.     

Misunderstandings and omissions in textbook accounts of effect sizes

There have been frequent attempts in psychology to reduce the reliance on null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) as the criterion for establishing the importance of results. Many authorities now recommend the reporting of effect sizes (ESs) as a supplement or alternative to NHST. However, there is extensive specialist literature highlighting problems associated with the use and interpretation of ESs. A review of the coverage of ESs in over 100 textbooks on statistical analysis in behavioural science revealed widespread neglect of ESs and the relevant critical issues that have widespread coverage in the more specialist literature. For example, many textbooks claim that ESs should be interpreted as a simple measure of the practical real-world importance of a result despite the fact that ESs are profoundly influenced by features of design and analysis strategy. We seek to highlight areas of misunderstanding about ESs found in the pedagogical literature in the light of the more specialist literature and make recommendations to researchers for the appropriate use and interpretation of ESs. This is critical as statistics textbooks have a crucial role in the education of researchers.     

从词频和新旧效应探讨再认测验中的定向遗忘

本文采用字表方式,从高低词频和新旧效应角度,探讨内隐和外显测验中定向遗忘效应的存在性及其机制问题。结果发现:(1)低频词在两种测验中都存在定向遗忘效应,而高频词仅存在于外显测验中。(2)两种测验中都存在指示记住的新旧效应,而外显测验中不存在指示忘记的新旧效应。由此推断,测验间在没有"意识和无意识"相互污染的理想情况下,只有外显测验可获得定向遗忘效应;定向遗忘的机制可能是选择性编码机制。