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Norman C. Moore 《Journal of Adult Development》2005,12(2-3):147-154
Only five studies of patients met criteria for this review. Four of the five had a good clinical outcome. The only one without
efficacy reported no enhancement of the target waveform. Of the other four, two reported some enhancement, whereas two gave
no details about changes in the target waveform. There were 10 studies of nonpatients with generalized anxiety, of which eight
had a good outcome. The decrease of anxiety in these eight studies was correlated with enhancement of the target waveform
in five. Three of the eight had no increase of alpha, showing placebo plays a part in neurotherapy. There were nine studies
of nonpatients with phobic anxiety, of which six had enhancement of the target waveform accompanied by good outcome. The remaining
three studies had poor outcome in spite of enhancement of the target waveform. 相似文献
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John K. Nash 《Journal of Adult Development》2005,12(2-3):105-112
Several possible conceptualizations of neurotherapy are discussed: EEG operant conditioning; EEG homeostatic normalization;
and utilization of EEG biofeedback as a means of accessing particular states of consciousness. Attention is given to how neurotherapy
is actually done and when it may be a useful adjunct to psychological or medical therapies. Integration of neurotherapy with
the larger framework of cognitive behavior therapy and the biopsychosocial model is discussed. Three case studies of adults
involving the use of neurotherapy are described. 相似文献
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David L. Trudeau 《Journal of Adult Development》2005,12(2-3):139-146
This paper reviews studies of brainwave biofeedback as a therapeutic technique for substance use disorder. This modality is
attractive as a medication free, neurophysiologic, and self actualizing treatment for a substance based, brain impaired and
self-defeating disorder. Three approaches are described and the literature for each reviewed. Alpha–theta occipital feedback
was originally employed to facilitate autosuggestion in hypnagogic states to augment standard therapy approaches in substance
abuse treatment programs and appears most suited for chronic treatment resistant alcoholics. Beta augmentation feedback in
conjunction with alpha/theta feedback has been employed in mixed substance abuse and stimulant abuse with good results. Individualized
brainwave biofeedback based on correcting EEG abnormalities, or based on addressing comorbid conditions is a third approach
that has been described, and may be most appropriate where confounding comorbid conditions are present. Although effectiveness
in certain hard to treat populations (conventional treatment resistant alcoholics, crack cocaine addicts, cognitively impaired
substance abusers) is promising, better-designed controlled studies are needed. 相似文献
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