全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2416篇 |
免费 | 85篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 24篇 |
2022年 | 55篇 |
2021年 | 57篇 |
2020年 | 81篇 |
2019年 | 86篇 |
2018年 | 196篇 |
2017年 | 175篇 |
2016年 | 152篇 |
2015年 | 74篇 |
2014年 | 69篇 |
2013年 | 278篇 |
2012年 | 112篇 |
2011年 | 102篇 |
2010年 | 99篇 |
2009年 | 90篇 |
2008年 | 139篇 |
2007年 | 94篇 |
2006年 | 80篇 |
2005年 | 87篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 45篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 22篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有2514条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
931.
932.
933.
Jesús P. Bonilla 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2002,33(2):349-368
Some peculiarities of the evaluation of theories within scientific research programmes (SRPs) and of the assessing of rival
SRPs are described assuming that scientists try to maximise an ‘epistemic utility function’ under economic and institutional
constraints. Special attention is given to Lakatos' concepts of ‘empirical progress’ and ‘theoretical progress’. A notion
of ‘empirical verisimilitude’ is defended as an appropriate utility function. The neologism ‘methodonomics’ is applied to
this kind of studies.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
934.
András Kertész 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2002,33(2):269-288
Starting from an overview of approaches to naturalized epistemology, the paper shows, firstly, that Quine's programme yields
a sceptical paradox. This means that Quine's attempt to defeat scepticism itself yields a rather strong argument for scepticism
and thus against his own programme of naturalized epistemology. Secondly, it is shown that this paradox can be solved by an
approach called reflexive-heuristic naturalism. Finally, the paper also raises some fundamental problems which the solution
proposed has to leave open.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
935.
Two Kinds of Mental Realism 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tamás Demeter 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2009,40(1):59-71
I argue that there is a distinction to be drawn between two kinds of mental realism, and I draw some lessons for the realism-antirealism
debate. Although it is already at hand, the distinction has not yet been drawn clearly. The difference to be shown consists
in what realism is about: it may be either about the interpretation of folk psychology, or the ontology of mental entities.
I specify the commitment to the fact-stating character of the discourse as the central component of realism about folk psychology,
and from this I separate realism about mental entities as an ontological commitment towards them. I point out that the two
views are mutually independent, which provides the possibility of considering folk psychology as not being in cognitive competition
with scientific psychology. At the end I make a tentative suggestion as to how to interpret the former in order to avoid this
conflict. 相似文献
936.
Jesús Alcolea-Banegas 《Argumentation》2009,23(2):259-275
Our aim is to point out some differences between verbal and visual arguments, promoting the rhetorical perspective of argumentation
beyond the relevance of logic and pragmatics. In our view, if it is to be rational and successful, film as (visual) argumentation
must be addressed to spectators who hold informed beliefs about the theme watched on the screen and the medium’s constraints
and conventions. In our reflections to follow, we apply rhetorical analysis to film as a symbolic, human, and communicative
act that may sometimes be understood as a visually laid out argument. As a mixture of visual, auditory, and verbal stimuli,
film demands active and complex interpretation and (re)construction. Our suggestion is to focus on five different but interrelated
elements. The reconstruction and evaluation of the visual argument will be based on those elements, and the whole process
will be one of visual argumentation.
相似文献
Jesús Alcolea-BanegasEmail: |
937.
Margaret O’Brien Caughy Keng-Yen Huang Julie Lima 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(1):10-20
We examined the differences in conflict interaction between depressed mothers and their toddler and non-depressed dyads and
whether these differences mediated the association of maternal depression with compromised child socioemotional development.
Mother/child interaction was videotaped during a teaching task and during a free play task as part of a home visit when the
target child was between 16 and 18 months old. Each turn of every conflict was coded for behavior and affect of each member
of the dyad. Interaction data were summarized to calculate the number of conflict turns, the rate of conflict, and the proportion
of mother-initiated versus child-initiated conflicts per dyad. Sequential analysis was used to estimate the probability of
specific maternal responses to specific child behaviors. Bivariate comparisons indicated that depressed dyads experienced
higher rates of conflict, especially during the teaching task, and that depressed mothers were more likely to respond destructively
to child oppositional behavior. Results of multivariate linear regression indicated that the higher probability of destructive
response mediated the association of maternal depression with lower quality of mother–child attachment. These findings have
implications for the development of interventions to support mothers in dealing with the conflicts that are so common during
the second year of a child’s life. 相似文献
938.
Patrick Le Bihan David Esfandi Claude Pagès Sylvie Thébault Jean-Benoît Naudet 《Médecine & Droit》2009,2009(98-99):138-145
Psychiatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) propose a secure setting for patients with acute behavior disturbances who can not be managed in psychiatric general wards. Physical violence acts against patients or hospital staff, substance abuse, non-compliance for care and treatment, intensity of symptoms or absconding are frequent motives for admission. Patients are compulsorily detained in secure conditions. They are admitted from psychiatric facilities of a health area or by agreement between hospitals. Multidisciplinary working in psychiatric intensive care is essential, delivered by qualified staff. Care and treatment must be centered on the patient, multidisciplinary, intensive, comprehensive with an immediacy of response to critical situations. As length of stay should not exceed 2 months in duration, interface and liaison with original services of patients are important issues. In France, PICU exist notably at Cadillac, Lyon, Paris, Nice, Eygurande, Montpellier, Pau and Prémontré. These facilities appear as a missing level, an interesting alternative in mental health care system, between psychiatric general wards and maximum security hospitals. This paper reports the creation of a National Association of PICU in France, the existence of national minimum standards and international experiences. 相似文献
939.
A shift from language‐general to language‐specific sound discrimination abilities has been largely attested in different populations of infants during the second half of the first year of life; however, data are still scarce regarding bilingual populations. Previous research with 4‐, 8‐ and 12‐month‐old Catalan‐Spanish bilingual infants had offered evidence of a U‐shaped pattern in their ability to discriminate a language‐specific vowel contrast. This research explores monolingual and bilingual 4‐ and 8‐month‐olds’ capacities to discriminate two common vowel contrasts: /o–u/ and /e–u/. All groups succeeded except 8‐month‐old bilinguals tested on the phonetically close /o–u/ contrast. Discrimination was not facilitated when talker and token variability were reduced. A U‐shaped pattern was again found when data from an additional group of 12‐month‐olds were included. These results confirm bilinguals’ specific developmental pattern of perceptual reorganization for acoustically close vowels and challenge an interpretation merely based on a distributional account. 相似文献
940.
Muriel Basile Sarah Boivin Anaïs Boutin Catherine Blois-Heulin Martine Hausberger Alban Lemasson 《Animal cognition》2009,12(4):611-619
Laterality is now known to be an ubiquitous phenomenon among the vertebrates. Particularly, laterality of auditory processing
has been demonstrated in a variety of species, especially songbirds and primates. Such a hemispheric specialization has been
shown to depend on factors such as sound structure, species specificity and types of stimuli. Much less is known on the possible
influence of social familiarity although a few studies suggest such an influence. Here we tested the influence of the degree
of familiarity on the laterality of the auditory response in the domestic horse. This species is known for its social system
and shows visible reactions to sounds, with one or two ears moving towards a sound source. By comparing such responses to
the playback of different conspecific whinnies (group member, neighbor and stranger), we could demonstrate a clear left hemisphere
(LH) preference for familiar neighbor calls while no preference was found for group member and stranger calls. Yet, we found
an opposite pattern of ear side preference for neighbor versus stranger calls. These results are, to our knowledge, the first
to demonstrate auditory laterality in an ungulate species. They open further lines of thought on the influence of the social
“value” of calls and the listener’s arousal on auditory processing and laterality. 相似文献