亲亲相隐何时休?关系对揭发意向影响的边界

当组织中做出不道德行为的人跟自己关系非常亲近时,员工可能不会揭发他们的不道德行为,进而给组织带来潜在的隐患。鉴于先前研究较少关注如何降低不道德情境中关系的包庇作用,本研究考察了组织和个体特征在削弱关系与揭发负向关系方面扮演的调节角色。结果表明,关系会抑制员工对不道德行为的揭发意向(研究1~3),且关系对员工揭发意向的负向影响受到了组织关系取向(研究1和3)与员工正直(研究2和3)的调节。随着组织关系取向的下降或员工正直程度的提升,关系对员工揭发意向的抑制作用逐步降低。这些结果对于组织内部揭发机制设计具有借鉴意义。     

家庭因素与青少年犯罪的关系研究述评

随着犯罪理论（如社会控制理论、依恋理论、社会学习理论和问题行为理论）的不断发展,家庭因素与青少年犯罪关系的研究重点已由最初的家庭结构变量（如家庭完整性、家庭经济状况）逐渐扩展并聚焦在家庭功能变量（如家庭气氛、亲子依恋和亲子沟通等）和家庭成员行为变量（如教养方式、父母监控等）。近年来该研究领域开始深入探讨青少年认知过程在教养方式与青少年犯罪之间所起的中介作用,以及儿童青少年的人格、社区环境、神经生物学等变量与家庭因素的交互作用。最后本文总结了该领域研究的最新趋势和以往研究的不足     

试论《诗经》中的几点文学心理思想

本文对我国最早的一部诗集《诗经》的文学心理学思想进行了初步探讨:一、《诗经》中的文学想象与联想,二、《诗经》中的情意描写,三、《诗经》中的人物性格描写。     

应激的缓冲器：人格坚韧性

过去30年来,关注身心保健和组织行为的心理学家都对人格心理学中的一个概念发生了兴趣,就是人格坚韧性（hardiness）,大量实证研究证明人格坚韧性可以有效地缓解生活应激给人们带来的身心不适,并有助于提高人们在各领域的工作表现。该文在回顾西方以往研究的基础上,介绍这一概念,以及这方面研究的不足之处,并提出在中国开展此项研究的思路。作为整体人格结构的一部分,人格坚韧性应该从人格“大五”或“大七”结构中探索。在中国已有研究发现,人格“大七”维度对身心健康有不同的影响,哪些维度构成人格坚韧性,这些问题有待进一步的研究     

Bonds and boundaries: Network structure,organizational boundaries,and job performance

We propose and test a framework that describes the relationship between network structures and job performance. We provide an integration of the current conceptualizations of social capital as they pertain to job performance outcomes by taking a multi-dimensional view of job performance. We break down job performance into creativity, decision-making, task execution, and teamwork, and distinguish the effect of structural holes within and across the organizational boundary on these four job performance domains. In an analysis of 318 managers, we find that networks rich in structural holes that cross the organizational boundary had a positive association with creativity and decision-making, whereas networks with few structural holes within the organization had a positive association with task execution and teamwork. We discuss the theoretical implications for integrating the social capital, boundary spanning, and network structure literatures, as well as the practical benefits of giving much more precise advice to managers and employees regarding how to use networks to improve performance at work.     

从“金规则”看儒家伦理“仁”的思想体系的本质特征及其与基督教伦理的异同

《走向全球伦理宣言》的"金规则"("己所不欲,勿施与人")与儒家伦理相符,即"恕道",亦即"仁"的思想体系的本质特征。"己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人"是对"仁"的积极表述;"己所不欲,勿施与人"是对"仁"的消极表述。儒家的"仁爱"观与基督教的"圣爱"观都是普世之爱,由于二者的起源、发展方式不同,所以表现形式也不同。儒家的"仁爱"观与"敬"分不开,其极至状态为"四海之内,合敬同爱"。     

The impact of emotional expressions on children’s trust judgments

Research on the development of selective trust has shown that young children do not indiscriminately trust all potential informants. They are likely to seek and endorse information from individuals who have proven competent or benign in the past. However, research on trust among adults raises the possibility that children might also be influenced by the emotions expressed by potential informants. In particular, they might trust individuals expressing more positive emotion. Indeed, young children’s trust in particular informants based on their past behaviour might be undermined by their currently expressed emotions. To examine this possibility, we tested the selective trust of fifty 4- and 5-year-olds in two steps. We first confirmed that children are likely to invest more trust in individuals expressing more positive emotion. We then showed that even if children have already formed an impression of two potential informants based on their behavioural record, their choices about whose claims to trust are markedly influenced by the degree of positive emotion currently expressed by the two informants. By implication, the facial emotions expressed by potential informants can undermine young children’s selective trust based on the behavioural record of those informants.     

父母教育观念类型对幼儿个性相关特质发展的影响

通过对大连地区6所幼儿园400名3￣6岁幼儿父母教育观念的问卷调查及教师对幼儿个性的测评,探讨了父母教育观念类型对幼儿个性相关特质发展的影响。结果显示:(1)运用聚类分析法,可将幼儿父母教育观念分为三类:积极型、不协调型和低标准型;(2)各种教育观念对幼儿个性发展存在着不同的影响。积极型有利于幼儿个性的发展,不协调型与低标准型不利幼儿个性的发展。     

中学生消费价值观在家庭理财教育方式与消费决策风格之间的中介作用

目的：考察中学生消费价值观在家庭理财教育方式与消费决策风格之间的中介作用。方法：377名中学生完成了中学生消费价值观问卷、家庭理财教育方式问卷和中学生消费决策风格问卷。结果：父母积极的教育方式可通过树立合理的消费价值观来促进中学生形成理性的决策风格;父母消极的教育方式一方面通过树立不合理的消费价值观助长中学生非理性的决策风格,另一方面通过减弱合理的消费价值观来减弱其合理的决策风格。结论：中学生消费价值观在家庭理财教育方式与消费决策风格之间起中介作用。