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41.
In social dilemmas, negotiations, and other forms of strategic interaction, mind-reading—intuiting another party’s preferences and intentions—has an important impact on an actor’s own behavior. In this paper, we present a model of how perceivers shift between social projection (using one’s own mental states to intuit a counterpart’s mental states) and stereotyping (using general assumptions about a group to intuit a counterpart’s mental states). Study 1 extends prior work on perceptual dilemmas in arms races, examining Americans’ perceptions of Chinese attitudes toward military escalation. Study 2 adapts a prisoner’s dilemma, pairing participants with outgroup targets. Study 3 employs an ultimatum game, asking male and female participants to make judgments about opposite sex partners. Study 4 manipulates perceived similarity as well as counterpart stereotype in a principal–agent context. Across the studies, we find evidence for our central prediction: higher levels of perceived similarity are associated with increased projection and reduced stereotyping. 相似文献
42.
Li Yi Junhao Pan Yuebo Fan Xiaobing Zou Xianmai Wang Kang Lee 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2013
The current study examined whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had an indiscriminate trust bias whereby they would believe any information provided by an unfamiliar adult with whom they had no interactive history. Young school-aged children with ASD and their age- and ability-matched typically developing (TD) peers participated in a simple hide-and-seek game. In the game, an experimenter with whom the children had no previous interactive history pointed to or left a marker on a box to indicate the whereabouts of a hidden reward. Results showed that although young school-aged ASD children did not blindly trust any information provided by the unfamiliar adult, they appeared to be more trusting in the adult informant than did their age- and ability-matched TD children. 相似文献
43.
Wen-Chi Zou 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2017,26(5):768-777
This research examines how workplace spirituality buffers the detrimental relationship between emotional labour and subjective well-being among two samples of service workers in the United States and southern China. Drawing on conservation of resources theory, we found that the negative relationship between surface acting and subjective well-being was moderated by workplace spirituality. Specifically, employees with high spirituality were buffered from the harmful effects of surface acting on subjective well-being, whereas employees with low spirituality were not. We found no evidence of a moderating effect on the relationship between deep acting and subjective well-being. These findings shed light on individual differences that influence the emotional labour process and expand our knowledge of cross-cultural similarities and differences in emotion management. 相似文献
44.
3~5岁儿童独立性结构的验证性因素分析 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
独立性包括自我依靠、自我控制和自我主张。编制110个项目的儿童独立性问卷,进行项目筛选,保留47个项目。用47项目问卷,用另一样本验证性因素分析,用最大似然法,Amos修正,保留20个项目。再用另外两个样本验证问卷的合理性。多样本验证性因素分析结果支持了3~5岁儿童独立性包括自我依靠、自我控制和自我主张三维度的理论建构。 相似文献
45.
内隐刻板印象研究方法进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
刻板印象的研究一直都是社会认知的重要组成部分,本文简要概述了刻板印象研究方法的进展,着重介绍了加工分离程序,基于反应时的范式,以及刻板印象解释偏差(SEB),并对今后认知神经科学研究进行了简述。 相似文献
46.
长处和困难问卷研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的:建立儿童长处和困难问卷(SDQ)(教师用表)的上海地区常模,并对其进行信度和效度检验。方法:对上海市12所幼儿园和中小学校的2128名学生进行长处和困难问卷(教师用表)的评定,并对其中的47名预备班(6年级)学生间隔六周进行了再次评定。结果:对长处和困难问卷(教师用表)进行标准化,制定了上海地区常模。信度检验:问卷总分Cronbach的α系数为0.672;条目与因子分之间的相关系数在0.323-0.910(p<0.001)之间;间隔6周后问卷总分的重测信度为0.547,各因子的重测信度在0.404-0.640(p<0.01)之间,符合心理测量学的要求。结论:长处和困难问卷((教师用表)适合于上海地区儿童和青少年的行为评估。 相似文献
47.
48.
以597个核心家庭的父亲、母亲和青少年为研究对象,通过问卷调查探讨了母亲守门行为与父子依恋的关系以及父亲教养投入在其中的中介作用。结果表明:(1)母亲开门行为正向预测父子依恋,母亲关门行为负向预测父子依恋;(2)母亲开门行为通过正向预测父亲教养投入的部分中介作用间接预测父子依恋,而母亲关门行为通过负向预测父亲教养投入的部分中介作用间接预测父子依恋。研究结果扩展了母亲守门行为的作用效果研究,对家庭教育实践具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
49.
Christopher Zou Jason E. Plaks Jordan B. Peterson 《Journal of personality assessment》2019,101(1):73-83
A voluminous literature has documented the importance of emotion regulation for health and well-being. The studies in this literature, however, have generally focused on the down-regulation of negative affect. Few studies have examined the down-regulation of positive affect. In Study 1, we constructed a scale, the revised Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale (r–RESE), which assesses both the down- and up-regulation of positive affect, in addition to the traditional down-regulation of negative affect. In Study 2, we conducted an extensive validation of the r–RESE scale, using a multimethod approach with informant ratings, to illustrate that the down-regulation of positive affect represents a process independent of each of the other forms of emotion regulation. In Study 3, we provided evidence that the ability to down-regulate positive emotions provides added predictive utility when predicting indexes of impulsivity and adjustment. Across the studies, we illustrate the potential importance of the down-regulation of positive emotions as a topic of study for the field of emotion regulation. 相似文献
50.
抑郁认知易感性应激模式的研究:起源、发展和整合 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
近年来,对抑郁易感性的研究,已经成为探寻抑郁心理病理的一个热点。文章介绍了抑郁易感性应激模型的相关定义、起源、及主要特点。介绍了在当代具有代表性的3个理论:(1)Abramson的抑郁无望理论;(2)Beck的认知易感理论;(3)双信息过程理论。尤其对抑郁认知易感性因素本身的起源、发展及影响因素进行了评述。最后,介绍了整合的抑郁认知易感性应激模型。在此基础上,提出了模型进一步完善和发展的方向 相似文献