概念组合的理论模型

概念组合是将两个或多个概念组合成一个新概念的过程,生成的新概念被称为组合概念。组合概念的解释策略及影响因素已成为概念研究中的热点问题。研究者相继提出了关系竞争理论、双重加工理论和约束理论等模型。但是,这些理论模型只能解释特定的实验现象,对某些稳定的实验现象（如涌现特征、范畴效应等）却缺乏解释力度。文章提出,未来的研究应该整合已有的实验现象和理论模型,关注概念组合的时间进程,深入考察语境的作用,并系统地研究组合概念的涌现特征和范畴效应。     

情绪智力对大学生创业意向的影响:成就动机和创业自我效能感的链式中介作用

为探讨情绪智力、成就动机、创业自我效能感和大学生创业意向之间的关系。使用情绪智力量表、成就动机量表、创业自我效能感量表和创业意向量表对986名大学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)成就动机中介了情绪智力与大学生创业意向之间的关系。(2)创业自我效能感中介了成就动机与大学生创业意向间的关系。(3)创业自我效能感中介了情绪智力与大学生创业意向之间的关系。(4)成就动机和创业自我效能感在情绪智力与大学生创业意向之间起链式中介作用。     

Social decision making mediates the association between anger and externalising problems in Chinese adolescents

The goal of this study was to test the mediating effect of social decision making in the relations of anger and anger control to externalising and internalising problems. A sample of 174 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 15.36 years) completed self‐reports of trait anger, anger control, externalising problems, internalising problems and social decision making, which was operationalized as situational judgement reflecting an individual's ability to interact effectively with parents, teachers and peers. Findings indicated that adolescents' trait anger and anger control were positively related to both externalising and internalising problems. In addition, path analysis revealed that social decision making mediated the relationship between trait anger, anger control and externalising problems. Findings on the mediating effect will be discussed by referencing appraisal tendency theory and response evaluation and decision.     

Evaluative conditioning effects are modulated by the nature of contextual pairings

Across two studies participants completed a learning phase comprised of two types of trials: context pairing trials in which two (valenced or non-valenced) words were identical or opposite to one another and evaluative conditioning (EC) trials in which a CS was paired with a US. Based on the idea that EC occurs because CS-US pairings function as a symbolic cue about the relation between the CS and the US, we hypothesised that the nature of context pairings (identical or opposite) might moderate EC effects. Results indicate that identity-based context pairs led to typical assimilative explicit and implicit effects whereas opposition-based pairs led to attenuated effects. Implications and different accounts of our findings are discussed.     

罗洛·梅的焦虑理论述评

当代著名的人本主义心理学家和心理治疗大师罗洛·梅对心理学最主要的贡献之一是他的焦虑理论。在罗洛·梅存在分析观的基础上,从焦虑的涵义、焦虑的时代根源、焦虑对人的影响及应时三个方面阐述了罗洛·梅的焦虑理论。对罗洛·梅的焦虑理论的梳理和总结,对于关照当前中国的社会文化大有裨益。     

“道”可道 今有益——在第四次“道教思想与中国社会发展进步”研讨会开幕式上的讲话

"道教思想与中国社会发展进步"研讨会从2002年开始举办,已经到了第四次.前三次我未能与会,这次特赶来祝贺.     

Trace administration of vitamin E can retrieve and prevent UV-irradiation- and metal exposure-induced memory deficits in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Vitamin E (α-tocopherol), a lipid-soluble anti-oxidant, prevents the uncontrolled propagation of lipid peroxidation by free radicals. Nevertheless, there is weak or no evidence of a protective effect of previous vitamin E intake on cognitive function in humans. In the present study, we explored the thermosensation model to investigate the possible effects of vitamin E administration on memory behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Administration of 100 and 200 μg/mL of vitamin E had no significant effects on the memory for different time intervals, whereas relatively high concentration (400 μg/mL) of vitamin E exposure shortened the extinction period of the association paradigm (food at 20 °C). Following the UV-irradiation, post-treatment with 200 μg/mL of vitamin E not only retrieved the UV-irradiation-induced memory deficits, but also enhanced the memory functions in UV-irradiating animals. Post-treatment with trace vitamin E could also ameliorate the memory deficits in metal (Al or Pb) exposed worms. In addition, pre-treatment with 200 μg/mL of vitamin E could effectively prevent the occurrence of memory deficits induced by metal exposure and UV-irradiation. Therefore, the close association may exist between trace dietary vitamin E intake and memory behaviors, and a specific response mechanism may be activated after the administration of vitamin E in stress-exposed animals. Moreover, treatment with 200 μg/mL of vitamin E could restore the memory deficits formed in the ncs-1 mutant worms, suggesting that exogenous treatment with trace vitamin E can largely mimic the function of NCS-1 in regulating the memory for thermosensation.     

民营企业家的创业心理研究

在当前全民创业、全面创新的时代背景下,许多研究者探讨了民营企业家的创业心理和创业历程,该文在参阅国内外企业家创业研究相关文献的基础上,根据当前创业心理研究的重点,着重阐述了民营企业家创业的心理动因与环境影响、创业的心理历程与企业发展、创业企业家的心理素质与胜任特征、创业的心理误区与决策失误、以及创业企业家的社会责任与利他行为等.     

民营企业家的心理演变探析

随着民营经济的不断发展及其对经济社会发展贡献的日益突出、以及中国政府对非公有制经济发展的支持和重视,对民营企业决策者和管理者--即民营企业家的研究也日益受到关注和重视.在此背景下,文章探讨了民营企业家的心理演变阶段及其主要特点:民营企业家基本需求的改变.价值取向的改变,人格素养的改变,社会焦虑的改变,归因方式的改变,应对策略和利益表达方式的改变等;并进一步提出了促进民营企业家心理演变顺利进行的对策.