辩证看待干细胞移植的热化问题

现代科学技术的发展已经并正在给人类展现一个相互矛盾的事实：一方面是科学技术推动人类社会的巨大进步,促进社会生活的极大提高。如核能的利用、转基因作物、转基因治疗、动物克隆、干细胞的开发与应用等等,无不让人类充分地享受到现代科技带来的种种利益和好处。另外一方面人类的生存危机前所未有的加深,环境的恶化、水资源的污染、新的疾病和变异的菌种诞生等等。怎样运用哲学的理性的思维和方法来评判现代科技对人类的影响,摆脱其发展对社会所造成的两难困境,是一个必须解决的难题。以干细胞移植研究为例,如何辩证看待干细胞移植热化问题,如何运用哲学思维来看待干细胞移植的有利性和危害性,探究科学技术的可持续发展道路。     

SARS突发病害与大学生信任感的变化历程

用问卷法在SARS期间对北京大学生信任感进行了调查,研究了SARS突发病害对大学生信任感的影响。结果表明：SARS爆发初期,大学生的信任感有所下降,尤其对政府、媒体和学校的信任感下降较明显;SARS冲击下大学生信任感呈现了动态平衡的特点;影响信任感的主要因素是政府;制度制定和信息传递是引发社会态度转变的根本因素。     

高等医学院校综合性通识课程内容的构建

21世纪是通识教育与专业教育逐步走向综合的世纪,而综合性通识课程内容的构建则是通识课程改革的关键.为了有助于我国医学院校构建综合性通识课程,通过对不同国家和地区综合性通识课程内容的组织、设计和实施的分析,探讨了高等医学院校综合性通识课程内容的构建.     

系统生物学——中西医结合的平台

通过比较系统生物学与中医理论在整体观、系统观、预测性和预防性医疗以及个体化治疗等方面的相似之处,并分析中医和西医各自的优点和不足,提出中医和现代医学在系统生物学的基础上进行整合的必然性和可能性,系统生物学是中西医结合的平台.     

当代福建佛教慈善组织运行模式剖析

本论文以厦门南普陀寺慈善会、厦门同心慈善会和福建省佛教协会佛教教育基金委员会等三个佛教慈善组织为重点,对它们的慈善活动开展和组织运行机制进行剖析,比较其组织特点和发展优势,并将三者分别归纳为救济型慈善、服务型慈善和弘法型慈善三种类型。以这三个佛教组织进行考察,不仅可以反映出福建佛教慈善的基本状况,而且可以代表不同类型的佛教组织运行机制特点,从而揭示我国佛教慈善组织的发展面貌。     

Pinyin and English Invented Spelling in Chinese-Speaking Students Who Speak English as a Second Language

This study examined pinyin (the official phonetic system that transcribes the lexical tones and pronunciation of Chinese characters) invented spelling and English invented spelling in 72 Mandarin-speaking 6th graders who learned English as their second language. The pinyin invented spelling task measured segmental-level awareness including syllable and phoneme awareness, and suprasegmental-level awareness including lexical tones and tone sandhi in Chinese Mandarin. The English invented spelling task manipulated segmental-level awareness including syllable awareness and phoneme awareness, and suprasegmental-level awareness including word stress. This pinyin task outperformed a traditional phonological awareness task that only measured segmental-level awareness and may have optimal utility to measure unique phonological and linguistic features in Chinese reading. The pinyin invented spelling uniquely explained variance in Chinese conventional spelling and word reading in both languages. The English invented spelling uniquely explained variance in conventional spelling and word reading in both languages. Our findings appear to support the role of phonological activation in Chinese reading. Our experimental linguistic manipulations altered the phonological awareness item difficulties.     

解释学的后现代转向及其对后现代心理学的意义

随着后现代思潮的兴起,解释学领域出现了后现代转向,在对解释本身及解释模式的阐释、对成见的看法以及真理观等方面有许多转变,这些转变对后现代心理学产生很大影响,表现在:对研究对象的分析水平由个体中心转向对关系的研究;研究方法上由唯一客观的实证方法转向多元方法论;研究原则上由价值中立转向强调历史文化因素的影响;知识观上由追求知识的客观性、普适性转向知识的社会建构性。同时,后现代解释学对心理现象和实践应用的认识,对克服后现代心理学认识论和方法论上的相对主义也很有启发。     

Deviant ERP response to spoken non-words among adolescents exposed to cocaine in utero

Concern for the impact of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on human language development is based on observations of impaired performance on assessments of language skills in these children relative to non-exposed children. We investigated the effects of PCE on speech processing ability using event-related potentials (ERPs) among a sample of adolescents followed prospectively since birth. This study presents findings regarding cortical functioning in 107 prenatally cocaine-exposed (PCE) and 46 non-drug-exposed (NDE) 13-year-old adolescents.PCE and NDE groups differed in processing of auditorily presented non-words at very early sensory/phonemic processing components (N1/P2), in somewhat higher-level phonological processing components (N2), and in late high-level linguistic/memory components (P600).These findings suggest that children with PCE have atypical neural responses to spoken language stimuli during low-level phonological processing and at a later stage of processing of spoken stimuli.     

“工会再造”与马克思主义工会学说中国化

工会是资本主义现代性范畴,标志工人阶级集体行动进入到"自为"阶段。马克思恩格斯所目睹的工会组织,是在资本主义雇佣劳动体制下,工人阶级有组织地同资本斗争的共同体形式;但是资本主义体制下的工会必然出现内卷化、贵族化问题,使其倒退为狭隘的经济利益社团。中国共产党在中国社会情境中对工会的政治形态、职能形态、文化形态和制度形态进行系统再造,领导工人阶级革命建国,使工人阶级上升为国家领导阶级,工会进入社会主义国家政权,成为中国共产党治国理政的经常性、基础性工作。"工会再造"是马克思主义工会学说中国化的源头活水,是发展21世纪马克思主义工会学说的现实依据。