詹姆斯心理学的现象学转向及其理论意蕴

本文在阐明詹姆斯心理学的出发点、并考察其心理学思想的探索和突破的基础上指出,詹姆斯关于心理学的思想历程无疑经历了一个根本的转向;又结合与胡塞尔现象学的比较认为,转向之后的詹姆斯的心理学思想的潜在意义,只有借用胡塞尔现象学的思想框架和概念工具,才能得到有效的表达和进一步的发展。文章最后还暗示了詹姆斯心理学思想的现象学转向对于理解并构建心理学的学科同一性的潜在意义。     

我国环境保护的财政政策改革

环境保护政策的核心,是调节人与自然交换过程中各利益相关者的分配关系.换言之,它实际上就是一种财政政策.因此,环境保护政策的改革,除了取决于科学发展观下我国的发展方式转型的现实和财政政策的发展方向外,在我国政府主导型的环境保护政策下,它还受现有的行政管理体制约束.这些约束因子最后可以归结为五个政策障碍,而这些障碍,也只有通过财政政策为主体的改革,通过制度创新,才能得到化解,中国特色的环境保护政策体系也才能得以形成.     

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) detect strange body parts: an eye-tracking study

Animal Cognition - This study investigated chimpanzee body representation by testing whether chimpanzees detect strangeness in body parts. We tested six chimpanzees with edited chimpanzee body...     

Intrusive Psychological Control and Children’s Behaviors in Chinese Multigenerational Families: Role of Children’s Temperamental Reactivity

Journal of Child and Family Studies - The coparenting between grandparents and parents is increasingly prevalent in Chinese society. Based on the family system theory and the differential...     

Retracted: Effects of cartoon violence on aggressive thoughts and aggressive behaviors

This article reports on an experiment designed to test whether the cartoon manipulation leads to significant increases in aggressive thoughts and aggressive behaviors among Chinese children (n = 3,000). Results indicated that brief exposure to a violent cartoon triggered higher aggressive thoughts and aggressive behaviors than a nonviolent cartoon. Females displayed higher aggressive thoughts and aggressive behaviors than males in a nonviolent cartoon condition, while males displayed higher aggressive behaviors than females in a violent cartoon condition. Mediation analysis suggested that the effect on aggressive behaviors was mediated by aggressive thoughts. The findings imply that cartoon developers, parents, and teachers should develop cartoons that inhibit children's aggressive thoughts to avoid aggressive behaviors. Females are the key group for the prevention and intervention of aggression in a nonviolent cartoon context, while males are the key group for the prevention and intervention of aggression in a violent cartoon context.     

评侵犯行为的习性学理论

习性学是对侵犯行为进行过系统阐释的社会心理学体系之一。本文在概要考察习性学背景的基础上,全面评述了习性学的侵犯行为理论,并分析了它的人文价值及其面临的挑战。     

儒、墨的互绌与互补——先秦儒、墨之间的学术批评

儒家和墨家是先秦诸子中的两个重要学派,他们从一开始就具有一种互绌互补的关系。这种互绌互补的关系主要表现为他们之间的学术批评与反批评。先秦墨家主要批评了儒家"以天鬼为不明""厚葬久丧""弦歌鼓舞"和"以命为有"等"四政焉";而先秦儒家则主要有公孟子对墨家"好辩自炫"的批评,孟子、荀子对墨家"兼爱"说的批评、孔鲋对墨家"非孔"的反诘、以及儒者董无心对墨者緾子"右鬼"说的批评等。先秦儒、墨相互之间的学术批评,也充分彰显了各自的思想特点和理论缺失。今天研究先秦儒、墨之间的学术批评,就是要站在客观公正的立场上,找到其学术思想的优缺点,然后加以批判、继承、融合、创新,使中华优秀的传统文化资源,为今天中华民族的伟大复兴作出更大的和更积极的贡献。     

Attachment style predicts cooperation in intuitive but not deliberative response in one-shot public goods game

Cooperation is an important prosocial behaviour that is of great significance to individuals and society. The social heuristics hypothesis (SHH) systematically explains how cooperation is interactively affected by intuitive and deliberative processes. On the one hand, the intuitive process can be either cooperative or selfish, which is determined by previous experience. On the other hand, the deliberative process could support either a cooperative decision or a selfish decision, depending on which strategy could maximise the current payoff. This research aims to investigate the mechanism of cooperation. Attachment style was selected as a proxy for previous experience to examine whether and how previous life experience shapes intuitive response. Time constraint (Studies 1 and 2) and cognitive load (Study 3) were manipulated to dissociate the intuitive and deliberative processes. In addition, cooperation was assessed by adopting one-shot public goods games. Results showed that attachment avoidance (Studies 1, 2, and 3) and attachment anxiety (Study 3) significantly predicted cooperation in the intuition condition, whereas these associations were insignificant in the deliberation condition (Studies 1, 2, and 3). These findings provide further support for the SHH and shed new light on the mechanism of cooperation.     

略论后现代心理学思想的孕育与生成

随着后现代文化思潮的涌入与冲击,现代心理学的合法地位产生了动摇,在后现代科学精神与后现代哲学理念的导引和助势下,后现代心理学思想得以孕育与生成。     

部件的语音信息对于中文假字和非字判断的影响

通过两个实验探索部件的语音信息在人造汉字判断过程中的作用。实验一通过操纵部件的独立性和部件位置的合法性分别探讨部件语音信息和位置信息对于人造字判断的影响。结果发现,与部件不独立的假字相比,判断部件独立的假字需要更长的时间,正确率也更低;但是部件的独立性并不影响对非字的判断。实验二通过控制部件本身是否发音和部件是否能做真字的声旁这两个因素,发现上述两个语音因素均影响假字的判断：和部件本身不能发音的假字相比,判断部件本身能发音的假字反应时更长,正确率更低;和部件不能做声旁的假字相比,判断部件能做声旁的假字反应时更长,正确率更低。结果还发现部件所包含的语音信息越多,假字判断的正确率就越低。在最后的讨论部分,根据实验结果构建了一个关于识别人造字和低频字的认知加工模型。