中国-韦氏幼儿智力量表(C-WYCSI)的编制

本文介绍了中国-韦氏幼儿智力量表(C-WYCSI)的编制情况。C-WYCSI是以WPPSI为蓝本编制,包括城市常模(N=2200人)和农村常模(N=1120人)。作者从心理测量学角度对常模的构成、测验项目的筛选及上下限、信度和效度等问题进行了分析与讨论。结果提示:尽管C-WYCSI改变很大,但项目的难度和区分度是较满意的;城市常模的测验下限明显改善,但上限不及原量表;各种信度均达到测量学认可的水平;效度研究结果表明:C-WYCSI较好地保持了WPPSI的功能。     

学习困难与正常儿童智力结构的稳定性

本文调查学习困难与正常儿童WISC-CR 智商和智力结构的长时稳定性。被试先后参加两次WISC-CR 测试(间隔1.5—2年)。结果表明:学习困难儿童VIQ、PIQ 和FIQ 的重测相关均在0.71以上,高于正常儿童;重测时学习困难儿童有PIQ 升高和VIQ 降低趋势,正常儿童的VIQ 和PIQ 均有升高趋势,两组儿童智力结构的稳定性有明显差异,学习困难儿童不分心因子稳定性最差,正常儿童言语概括因子稳定性最差,其它三个因子相对稳定。这些结果提示学习困难与正常儿童的智商和智力结构具有较好跨时间稳定性。WISC-CR 对学习困难诊断、咨询和教育干预计划的制定有一定的参考价值。     

Shared dialect group identity,leader–member exchange and self‐disclosure in vertical dyads: Do members react similarly?

Drawing upon social identity and status characteristic theories, we examine the reactions of vertical dyad members to shared dialect group identity in Taiwan. Supervisors and subordinates in 179 vertical dyads independently reported their dialect group identity and their perceptions of leader–member exchange (LMX) and self‐disclosure. Results indicate that subordinates reported a more positive LMX with, and greater self‐disclosure to, supervisors who shared their dialect group identity. Supervisors reported greater self‐disclosure to subordinates with the same dialect group identity, but not a more positive LMX. We also discuss implications for organizational demography theory and research.     

Phosphorylated nerve growth factor-induced clone B (NGFI-B) translocates from the nucleus to mitochondria of stressed rat cardiomyocytes and induces apoptosis

Stress induces cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocyte injury, and while current data indicate that mitochondria play a key role in this process, the mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that in rats, restraint stress induced nerve growth factor-induced clone B (NGFI-B) translocation from the nucleus to mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. This translocation promoted cytochrome c release from mitochondria to the cytoplasm, which ultimately resulted in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We also found that stress induced oversecretion of glucocorticoids and activated the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in cardiomyocytes. Enhanced PKA activity increased NGFI-B serine phosphorylation, which caused NGFI-B to translocate from the nucleus to mitochondria. Moreover, a PKA peptide inhibitor blocked NGFI-B serine phosphorylation and translocation. Our data demonstrate that stress affects cardiomyocytes by inducing NGFI-B mitochondrial translocation via serine phosphorylation, which in turn initiates mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.     

Latent Profile Analysis of Psychopathy in Chinese Female Offenders

The present study aimed to identify meaningful subtypes of psychopathy among Chinese female offenders. A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) based on the scores of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathic Scale was performed in a sample of Chinese female prisoners (N?=?279, M age?=?45.43, SD?=?8.62). The LPA yielded three profiles: “low psychopathy group” (27.6%), “moderate psychopathy group” (66.7%), and “high egocentricity and antisocial group” (5.7%). These profiles differed on all outcome variables including anxiety, depression, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression. The high egocentricity and antisocial group had a greater risk for anxiety, recidivism, impulsiveness, and aggression. Overall, the findings support the existence of psychopathy subtypes in non-Western cultural contexts, suggest gender similarities in the manifestation of psychopathy traits, and further the understanding of psychopathy typologies.

     

中学生感知到的数学教师支持问卷的编制

采用理论分析和开放式问卷调查等方法提出中学生感知到的数学教师支持的基本结构并编制问卷项目。先以302名中学生为被试,对自编初始问卷进行预测,结果显示,中学生感知到的数学教师支持问卷包括情感支持、自主支持和认知支持3个维度。再对347名中学生正式施测,进行信度和验证性因素分析,结果显示,总问卷α系数为0.92,三个维度α系数在0.75~0.89之间,验证性因素分析各项拟合指标较为理想,具有较好的结构效度。因此,编制的问卷具有较好的信效度,是测量中学生感知到的数学教师支持的有效工具。     

论教育政策程序公正

教育政策程序公正是指在制定与实施教育政策的过程中,按照合理的顺序、方式与步骤,以有效实现公共教育利益的行动秩序总和.教育政策程序公正是实现教育政策结果公正的理性考量,同时,更是对掌握公共教育权力的政策主体行为的一种必要约束.一般而言,教育政策程序公正包括:多方参与、平等对待、公开透明、价值"中立"、程序自治与科学合理等基本要求.     

Creativity Booster: How Time versus Money Impacts Creative Performances

Past research shows that time and money, although both scarce resources indispensable in modern societies, tend to exert distinct impacts on interpersonal behaviors. Yet, little is known about the effects of these two resources on intrapersonal cognitive processes, including creative thinking. In the present research, we explored whether and how increasing the saliency of time versus money concept would affect creative thinking. Six experiments provide converging evidence that activating time concept leads to superior creative performance than money concept. Specifically, individuals treated to time priming (versus money priming) were more likely to solve insight problems (Experiments 1a and 1b), to expand boundaries of conceptual categories (Experiment 2), and to identify connections among seemingly unrelated stimuli (Experiments 3a, 3b and 4). Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

西方女性主义圣经批评述论

近代以来,越来越多的基督教女性主义者质疑圣经的男性中心主义。19世纪最重要的女性主义释经著作是伊丽莎白.斯丹顿主编的《妇女圣经》。20世纪70年代中期以来女性主义圣经批评成为西方特色鲜明的学术科目。抨击父权制观念、谋求建构女性的主体性阅读地位及其文化传统、主张上帝具有双性同体的特质,是女性主义圣经批评的理论特征。妇女主义圣经批评在反对性别歧视的同时,兼而反对种族偏见和阶级压迫。     

真心与妄心之辨——以智旭为重点

何为真心?何谓妄心?二者是何关系?智旭认为众生现前一念,既是虚妄分别之心,亦即妙明真精妙心.众生心性本是妙明真精之心,然由于无始妄想所熏,真心遂成为妄心.究实而论,真心与妄心相依而存,妄心依真心显现,真心依妄心求得,真妄本来一如.修行的关键,在于了达妄心本无自性,即所谓全妄即真,即妄求真.