张景岳医哲思想的理学渊源

宋明时期是医学基础理论哲学化的重要时期,张景岳的思想受理学影响颇深,是这一时期儒医的典型代表。张景岳运用理学思想重新诠释《黄帝内经》,融合与吸收了周敦颐的太极说、张载的太虚即气论及天人一体论和朱熹等理学家的思想,形成和发展了气一元论、阳不足论和水火命门说等思想体系,使中医理论体系更加完备。     

A diathesis-stress model of engagement in risky behaviors in Chinese adolescents

The current study examined whether the association between the occurrence of negative events and increased engagement in risky behavior is moderated by maladaptive and/or adaptive coping strategies. At time 1, 411 adolescents (ages 14–19) from Yue Yang, Hunan, completed self-report measures assessing coping strategies, engagement in risky behaviors, and the occurrence of negative events. Once a month for the subsequent 6 months, adolescents completed measures assessing engagement in risky behaviors and the occurrence of negative events. In line with our hypotheses, results of hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that adolescents possessing high levels of maladaptive coping strategies reported greater engagement in risky behaviors following the occurrence of negative events than adolescents possessing low levels. In contrast to our hypotheses, the association between the occurrence of negative events and increased engagement in risky behavior was not moderated by adaptive coping strategies.     

Effort-reward imbalance, overcommitment, and psychological distress in Canadian police officers

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship among Effort, Reward, and Overcommitment dimensions of Siegrist's Effort-Reward Imbalance Model and Psychological Distress in a sample of 78 Canadian police officers. Ages of respondents ranged between 24 and 56 years (M=36.1, SD=8.0). 30% of respondents had been in policing for 16 years or more, 24% between 6 and 15 years, and 44% for 5 years or less. Ordinary least-squares regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. After adjusting for age, sex, education, and marital status, higher levels of Effort-Reward Imbalance and Overcommitment were associated with greater Psychological Distress. Present findings support the utility of the model in this particular occupational group and add to the increasing literature suggesting association of Effort-Reward Imbalance, Overcommitment, and reduced mental health.     

《管子》天论浅析

《管子》“天”的含义有至上神、自然神以及运行变化有自身规律的自然之天。基于这种认识,天人关系表现为一是社会现象与自然现象的直接的因果关系的“天人感应”;二是人效法、顺从“天道”,利用自然规律,发挥主观能动性,主宰自然,这在当时是具有进步意义的思想。它在先秦的天论思想发展中起到了承上启下的作用。     

中西比较的新思路:哲学拓扑学的视野

哲学研究的生命在于从习以为常的日常概念中发现问题,从而推进我们对这些概念的认识。在这种意义上,哲学研究也是一种创造性活动。伍晓明先生和江怡先生在英国牛津大学的一番对话,试图通过揭示中国文化中的"天命"概念的哲学意蕴及其与西方哲学的重要差别,说明中西文化在思想出发点上的根本差别;同时,他们对"哲学拓扑学"的讨论,有助于我们加深对中西文化特征的认识,并由此开启新的研究思路。     

弘扬科学精神 拒绝伪科学——访吴有生院士

吴有生院士是中国船舶科学研究中心的名誉所长,是中国造船工程学会的常务理事,曾任国际船舶实用设计大会主席、国际船舶结构大会常委(代表包括台湾在内的整个中国地区)、中国力学学会副理事长、中国振动工程学会副理事长和中国造船学会船舶力学委员会主任,是一个从事了40年船舶科学技术研究的专家。多年来,吴有生院士一直关心科学事业的发展,关注科学界发生的事件,尤     

Suggestion overrides the Stroop effect in highly hypnotizable individuals

Cognitive scientists distinguish between automatic and controlled mental processes. Automatic processes are either innately involuntary or become automatized through extensive practice. For example, reading words is a purportedly automatic process for proficient readers and the Stroop effect is consequently considered the "gold standard" of automated performance. Although the question of whether it is possible to regain control over an automatic process is mostly unasked, we provide compelling data showing that posthypnotic suggestion reduced and even removed Stroop interference in highly hypnotizable individuals. Drawing on a large sample of highly hypnotizable participants, we examined the effects of suggestion on Stroop performance both with and without a posthypnotic suggestion to perceive the input stream as meaningless symbols. We show that suggestion administered to highly hypnotizable persons significantly reduced Stroop interference and derailed a seemingly automatic process.     

女性领导能力中介效应分析

本文采用问卷调研和结构方程建模的方法对女性领导模式对食业绩效的影响进行实证研究,其中主要实证分析女性领导能力的中介效应.研究发现,女性领导能力在女性领导模式对企业绩效之间大部分中介效应显著.     

高兴和悲伤电影片段诱发情绪的有效性和时间进程

选取269名大学生为被试,探讨情绪电影片段诱发被试高兴和悲伤情绪的有效性和时间进程.待被试稳定情绪后观看情绪电影片段,分别采用主观报告和心率、指温、皮电、指脉率、血氧饱和度、心率等心理生理反应的指标,获取被试观看高兴和悲伤电影片段时的前测和后测成绩并进行了分析比较.结果发现: (1)高兴影片能诱发被试高兴情绪,高兴情绪唤醒后,3分钟内处于一般偏上的状态且显著高于基线水平. (2)悲伤影片能诱发被试悲伤情绪,悲伤情绪唤醒后.5分钟内处于一般偏上的状态且显著高于基线水平.     

中国社会风险解析——群体性事件的社会冲突性质

群体性事件是我国社会冲突的主要表现形式,无论是客观数据还是主观感知,都显示中国已经处于一个社会冲突事件的高发期.当前,我国社会冲突的主要类型是经济型的直接冲突与社会型的间接冲突.社会冲突在总体上是上升的;冲突的风险源清晰;冲突的主体为利益受损群体与利益获得群体;冲突的性质以经济领域的利益性冲突为主,具有可协调性;冲突的强度与烈度有加剧的趋势;冲突矛盾呈复杂性,处理的社会成本升高;群体性事件开始作为"弱者的武器"被普遍地使用;对社会冲突事件开始由封闭的、僵硬的内部处置到开放的、弹性的公开处理.