诚实-谦逊性和人际亲密性对公平规范执行的影响

采用2（诚实-谦逊性：高分组、低分组）×3（人际亲密性：家人、朋友、路人）×2（提议不公性：高不公提议、低不公提议）的混合实验设计,考察人际冲突情境下诚实-谦逊性与公平规范执行中人情效应的关系。研究结果发现,随着人际亲密性的增强,人们对互动同伴的互惠预期越高,更倾向于接受不公提议;高、低诚实-谦逊者付诸公平规范执行时均会考量双方彼此的人际亲密性,但高诚实-谦逊者存在更强的人情效应。结果表明,高诚实-谦逊者更在意维持有价值的人际关系,愿意宽容重要他人的违规行为。     

高创造力个体的群体差异性研究

高创造力群体的界定是创造力研究的重要前提,但迄今极少有研究关注以往研究中高创造力群体间的同质性问题。本研究以创造力问题提出能力测验调查了两所高校（一所地方高校和一所教育部直属高校）的975名大学生的创造力,通过极端组方法（extreme groups approach, EGA）为大学生创造力水平分组,考察不同创造力分组之间的差别。研究发现：地方高校和部属高校的高创造力大学生被试,在创造力的流畅性、变通性和独特性三个维度上,均存在显著差异。本研究结果提示,大学生高创造力组间可能存在质的差别,因此相关研究在外推结果时需要采取谨慎态度;研究者在实验过程中和讨论文献结果的可比性时一定要关注样本的同质性问题。     

荀子隆礼重法的政治思想是对儒家德治思想的创新发展

荀子"化性起伪"."隆礼重法"的政治思想是建立在他的性恶的人性论基石上的。以礼为本、德法并举、德主刑辅、礼义教化与法律强制相辅相成,是他政治思想的核心内容,也是其对儒家德治思想的创新发展。剔除其封建糟粕,它对我们今天建设和谐小康社会仍可提供有益的启示。     

The structure of traits delineating personality disorder in a Chinese sample

The present study examined the factorial structure of a Chinese language version of the self-report Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology Questionnaire in 581 adults. Four factors were extracted (Emotional Dysregulation, Dissocial, Inhibition, and Compulsivity) that are similar to the factors extracted in the scales' normative clinical and general population samples from North America (factor comparability coefficients range from .88 to .96), supporting the idea that this trait structure is invariant across diverse populations. The internal consistency of the scales (Cronbach's alpha) was satisfactory across age and gender groups with the exception of the Intimacy Problems scale. Possible explanations for the poor internal consistency of the Intimacy Problems scale, such as cultural differences in social factors influencing marital and romantic relationships in Chinese populations, as opposed to other populations are discussed.     

Hypoglycemia-induced suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in intact female rhesus macaques: role of vasopressin and endogenous opioids

The first objective of this study was to determine whether insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH) inhibits LH secretion in unrestrained female macaques during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. There was a consistent inhibitory effect of hypoglycemia on LH secretion within 3 h in these females. This inhibition was likely an indirect effect since low glucose levels did not inhibit GnRH secretion from GT1-1 neurones in vitro. We next investigated whether administration of a vasopressin antagonist (AVPa) either alone, or with naloxone could reverse the IIH-induced inhibition of LH release. Females were studied in the follicular phase during 10 h periods with blood samples collected every 10 min. Experimental groups were IIH (n=6), IIH+AVPa (n=5) and IIH+AVPa+naloxone (n=4). The first 5 h of each study served as a control and hypoglycemia was then induced with insulin. The AVPa was given as a bolus (180 microg) just before the insulin and was followed by a continuous infusion (180 microg/h) for 5 h. Naloxone (5 mg/kg) was given with the AVPa and followed by a continuous infusion (5 mg/kg/h) for 5 h. In the IIH group, LH reached its lowest value 3-4 h after insulin. Neither AVPa nor AVPa+naloxone infusion reversed the inhibitory action of hypoglycemia on LH release. These data suggest that if there are inhibitory actions of vasopressin and endogenous opioids on GnRH release induced by hypoglycemia, they are not sufficient to explain the suppression of GnRH/LH release in intact female primates.     

陈霖的拓扑性质知觉理论

2005年第四期“Visual Cognition”期刊专题讨论了拓扑知觉理沧,包括陈霖的主题文章、对这篇文章的评论以及陈霖对这些评论的答复。本文从三个方面介绍了陈霖的拓扑性质知觉理沦：拓扑性质的早期知觉、知觉物体的定义以及拓扑性质知觉理论的意义。     

错误再认:意识、注意和刺激特性

该研究基于错误再认现象,确立了意识知觉和无意识知觉在行为结果上的质的差异。在决定一个刺激是被有意识知觉还是无意识知觉时,刺激特性和注意之间存在着相互补偿的作用。实验一表明,当一个刺激短暂呈现而被无意识知觉的时候,增强刺激特性或提高注意水平都能使它的知觉变为有意识的;相对应地,实验二表明,一个处于分散注意条件下被无意识知觉的刺激,也可以通过使注意集中或增强刺激特性而使它的知觉变为有意识的。该研究对意识、注意和刺激特性三者间的关系进行了讨论。     

意识和无意识知觉:注意和刺激特性间的相互补偿

该研究基于Exclusion任务,利用质的差异的研究范式,不仅确立了意识和无意识知觉在行为结果上的质的差异,而且发现刺激特性和注意在决定知觉意识时存在相互补偿的现象。在实验一中,当靶字短暂呈现时。被试用靶字补笔的比率高于基线水平;而当延长靶字呈现时间或提高对靶字的注意水平时,出现反转现象一用靶字补笔的比率低于基线水平。相对应地,在实验二中,分散注意条件下被试用靶字补笔的比率高于基线水平;而当注意集中或在分散注意条件下延长呈现时间时,出现了反转现象。     

Attributing causality and remembering events in individual- and group-acting situations: A Beijing, Hong Kong, and Wellington comparison

Previous research has shown that collectivists prefer external whereas individualists prefer internal attributions. To test the findings' generality across social situations, we compared the two attributions in situations where either an individual was acting on a group (Individual-acting) or the reverse (Group-acting). As predicted, collectivists' (Beijing and Hong Kong Chinese) greater preference for externality, and individualists' (Wellington Europeans) greater preference for internality, occurred in individual- but not group-acting situations. Collectivists' (mainly Hong Kong) memory of events was better in group- than in individual-acting situations according to prediction, but the predicted reversal was not found among individualists. The collectivist/individualist categorizations of the samples were supported by measures of self-construal. Indigenous Chinese concepts of 'unity' ( tong tian ren ) and 'combination' ( he nei wai ) were discussed to throw light on attribution processes that are not readily accessible through the concepts of collectivism and individualism.     

钟面画测试及其在ADHD儿童中的研究

钟面画测试被广泛用于研究和测试老年人群中的各种认知缺陷和认知老化,是一种有用的筛选老年痴呆症病人的工具。近年来它也被用于研究正常儿童和ADHD儿童。该文回顾了钟面画测试所涉及的内部认知过程以及影响钟面画测试的各种因素、钟面画测试与执行功能测试之间的相关,并且重点回顾了钟面画测试在正常儿童和ADHD儿童中的研究。由于钟面画测试本身简便、快捷,可以迅速地大规模筛选障碍儿童,在这方面的研究具有重大的实践意义。