审美的神经机制研究及其美学意义

本文主要介绍了审美神经机制研究的初步成果,特别有关Zeki,Solso等人开创性的研究工作,并着重讨论了这些研究工作的美学意义,指出审美神经机制的研究不但在美学理论的确证方面,具有更强的说服力和广泛的应用性,而且在21世纪美学理论的重建方面,也一定会起着不可替代的重要作用。     

从前语言到语言转换阶段的语言运用能力发展——3岁前汉语儿童语用交流行为习得的研究

研究着重探讨汉语儿童从前语言到语言交往阶段语用交流行为发展,通过质和量两种方式搜集14-32月儿童与母亲互动交往语料,采用汉化的CHILDES模式转录并用CLAN系统进行分析。研究发现3岁前汉语儿童语用交流行为清晰度的快速增长,语用交往行为类型的明显扩展和语用交流行为核心类型的运作倾向,是该阶段具有标志性的语用发展阶段特征。研究同时发现汉语儿童语用交流行为与母亲的语用交流行为存在着较为密切的关系。     

Reading proficiency modulates parafoveal processing efficiency: Evidence from reading Chinese as a second language

In the present study, we manipulated different types of information available in the parafovea during the reading of Chinese sentences and examined how native Korean readers who learned Chinese as a second language make use of the parafoveal information. Results clearly indicate that, only identical and orthographically similar previews facilitated processing of the target words when they were subsequently fixated. More critically, more parafoveal information was obtained by subjects with higher reading proficiency. These results suggest that, mainly low-level features of the parafoveal words are obtained by the non-native Chinese readers and less attentional resources are available for the readers with lower reading proficiency, thereby causing a reduction of the perceptual span.     

New job market entrants' future work self,career adaptability and job search outcomes: Examining mediating and moderating models

Based on career construction theory and the model of proactive motivation, the current research examined the mediating and moderating models for the relations among future work self, career adaptability, job search self-efficacy and employment status. A survey study was conducted among Chinese university graduates (N = 270). The results showed that future work self (measured at wave 1) had positive effect on employment status (measured at wave 3), with this relationship partially mediated by career adaptability (measured at wave 1) and job search self-efficacy (measured at wave 2). In addition, the results further revealed that the positive effect of future work self on job search self-efficacy was stronger among the graduates who had a higher level of career adaptability. In support of the hypothesized moderated mediation model, for individuals with a higher level of career adaptability, the indirect effect of future work self on employment status through job search self-efficacy was stronger. These findings carry implications for research on job search behavior, career education and career counseling.     

Psychometric Evaluation of the Spiritual Perspective Scale in Palliative Care Nurses in China

Journal of Religion and Health - This study aimed to translate the Spiritual Perspectives Scale (SPS) into a Mandarin Chinese version (C-SPS) and evaluate its psychometric properties among 154...     

南京居民医疗服务潜在需求成因分析及其合理转化建议

通过南京市8个区、县4873户居民的基线调查,掌握居民对医疗服务的实际利用情况,通过比较医疗需求与利用之间的差距,发现存在很大的潜在医疗服务需求市场。从医疗服务供需双方分析其产生的原因,找出医疗服务需求与利用的主要影响因素,从而探讨如何将这部分潜在需求合理转化。     

基于认知理论的测验编制技术—项目生成

传统测验重视统计技术,不重视测量结构的心理学意义,使得它的功能局限于筛选,不能提供更多的信息。由于认知心理学理论、心理计量学以及计算机技术的发展,使得基于认知理论指导下的项目生成技术逐渐成熟。该文从项目生成的概念、方法,及研究的意义和难点等方面对项目生成技术作了一个简要述评,以期推进我国认知心理学与心理测量学相结合的研究工作。     

荣辱观与行政反腐堤坝的双重构筑

行政腐败的产生既有诸如监督机制不健全、体制存在漏洞、惩治力度不大、管理松散等外因,也有诸如主仆意识颠倒、利益导向错位、自我人格裂变等内因,因此,为彻底消除行政腐败,必须以胡锦涛总书记关于"八荣八耻"为主要内容的社会主义荣辱观为思想指导,构筑制度反腐与道德反腐的双重堤坝.     

任务难度对前瞻记忆TAP效应影响的研究

前瞻记忆中的TAP效应是指,当进行中任务和前瞻任务加工类型一致时,前瞻记忆成绩要好于两者工类型不一致时.该研究采用双重任务范式,以大学生为被试,探讨了进行中任务难度对前瞻记忆TAP效应的影响,以揭示注意资源在TAP效应产生中的关键作用.结果表明:当进行中任务难度较低时,没有出现TAP效应,即进行中任务和前瞻任务的加工类型是否一致不会对前瞻记忆成绩产生显著影响;当进行中任务难度较高时,TAP效应部分出现.进一步说,当进行中任务加工类型为语义型时,语义型的前瞻任务成绩要显著好于结构型的前瞻任务成绩;而当进行中任务加工类型为结构型时,前瞻任务的加工类型没有对前瞻记忆成绩产生显著影响.     

增加样例学习中认知负荷的研究及思考

样例学习研究的一个重要取向:基于认知负荷理论.文章主要基于国外相关的研究文献,首先简述样例学习与认知负荷理论的关系,然后梳理增加样例学习中有效负荷研究概况与趋势,最后就有关研究问题作了进一步思考.